BigDecimal 初始化后的 Stange 值

Stange values after BigDecimal initialization

我正在尝试通过以下方式初始化 HashMap:

HashMap<BigDecimal,BigDecimal> myMap = new HashMap<>();
myMap .put(new BigDecimal(1.7), new BigDecimal(1.5));
myMap .put(new BigDecimal(3.3), new BigDecimal(3));
myMap .put(new BigDecimal(5), new BigDecimal(4.5));
myMap .put(new BigDecimal(6.6), new BigDecimal(6));
myMap .put(new BigDecimal(11), new BigDecimal(10));
myMap .put(new BigDecimal(16.5), new BigDecimal(15));

但是插入上面的值在以下 wang 中发生了变化:

1.7 becomes 1.6999999999999999555910790149937383830547332763671875
3.3 becomes 3.29999999999999982236431605997495353221893310546875
6.6 becomes 6.5999999999999996447286321199499070644378662109375

为什么会这样?

1.7等是一个浮点双字面值。 1.7 不能完全表示为 double.

它最接近 1.7 的值被传递给 BigDecimal 构造函数。 BigDecimal 能够表示这种不精确性,从而给出观察到的效果。

1.5 是一个 二元有理数 ,因此 可以 准确表示。

一种补救措施是使用 BigDecimal 构造函数,该构造函数接受 doubleMathContext 对象:这允许您控制舍入行为。

另一种补救方法是使用BigDecimal.valueOf(1.7)。在内部,这将通过字符串利用转换。虽然易于处理,但计算量大。

使用 BigDecimal.valueOf(double) 静态方法:这将从您需要的双精度数字的字符串表示形式初始化 BigDecimal

不要使用 constructor which takes a double , but the with String

根据双构造函数的文档:

The results of this constructor can be somewhat unpredictable. One might assume that writing new BigDecimal(0.1) in Java creates a BigDecimal which is exactly equal to 0.1 (an unscaled value of 1, with a scale of 1), but it is actually equal to 0.1000000000000000055511151231257827021181583404541015625. This is because 0.1 cannot be represented exactly as a double (or, for that matter, as a binary fraction of any finite length). Thus, the value that is being passed in to the constructor is not exactly equal to 0.1, appearances notwithstanding.

您可以使用以下代码使用 BigDecimal 初始化 HashMap。

    HashMap<BigDecimal, BigDecimal> myMap = new HashMap<>();
    myMap.put(BigDecimal.valueOf(1.7), BigDecimal.valueOf(1.5));
    myMap.put(BigDecimal.valueOf(3.3), BigDecimal.valueOf(3));
    myMap.put(BigDecimal.valueOf(3), BigDecimal.valueOf(4.5));
    myMap.put(BigDecimal.valueOf(6.6), BigDecimal.valueOf(6));
    myMap.put(BigDecimal.valueOf(11), BigDecimal.valueOf(10));
    myMap.put(BigDecimal.valueOf(16.5), BigDecimal.valueOf(15));
    Set set1 = myMap.entrySet();
    Iterator it1 = set1.iterator();
    while (it1.hasNext()) {
        Map.Entry meEntry = (Map.Entry) it1.next();
        System.out.println("key is: " + meEntry.getKey() + " & Value is: " + meEntry.getValue());

    }