为什么 Django 模型信号不起作用?

Why Django model signals are not working?

我正在尝试根据用户状态创建 activity 用户流。

型号:

class Status(models.Model):
    body = models.TextField(max_length=200)
    image = models.ImageField(blank=True, null=True, upload_to=get_upload_file_name)
    privacy = models.CharField(max_length=1,choices=PRIVACY, default='F')
    pub_date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, auto_now=False)
    user = models.ForeignKey(User)

class Activity(models.Model):
    actor = models.ForeignKey(User)
    action = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    content_type = models.ForeignKey(ContentType)
    object_id = models.PositiveIntegerField()
    content_object = generic.GenericForeignKey('content_type', 'object_id')
    pub_date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, auto_now=False)

然而,虽然我创建了一个新状态,但它并没有从 post_save 信号创建一个新的 activity。

信号:

from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType
from django.db.models.signals import post_save
from status.models import Status
from models import Activity

def create_activity_item(sender, instance, signal, *args, **kwargs):
    if kwargs.get('created', True):
        ctype = ContentType.objects.get_for_model(instance)

        if ctype.name == 'Status':
            action = ' shared '

            activity = Activity.objects.get_or_create(
                actor = instance.user,
                action = action,
                content_type = ctype,
                object_id = instance.id,
                pub_date = instance.pubdate
            )

post_save.connect(create_activity_item, sender=Status)

我做错了什么?请帮我解决这个问题。我将不胜感激。谢谢。

更新:

但是这样做会创建 activity:

@receiver(post_save, sender=Status)
def create(sender, instance, **kwargs):
    if kwargs.get('created',True):
        ctype = ContentType.objects.get_for_model(instance)
        activity = Activity.objects.get_or_create(
            actor = instance.user,
            action = ' shared ',
            content_type = ctype,
            object_id = instance.id,
            pub_date = instance.pub_date
        )

为什么上面的方法不起作用?

您的 post_save.connect 似乎没有执行。您应该在某处导入 signals 。对于 django 1.7,建议在应用程序的 config ready() 函数中执行此操作。阅读文档中的 "Where should this code live?" 旁注。

例如,如果您的应用名为 activity:

activity/__init__.py

default_app_config = 'activity.apps.ActivityAppConfig'

activity/apps.py

from django.apps import AppConfig

class ActivityAppConfig(AppConfig):
    name = 'activity'

    def ready(self):
        import activity.signals

并且不要忘记将 dispatch_uid 添加到您的 connect() 电话中:

post_save.connect(create_activity_item, sender=Status,
                  dispatch_uid="create_activity_item")

更新ContentTypename 属性始终为小写。因此,您应该将 if 语句更改为:

if ctype.name == 'status':

无需触摸 apps.py 这对我有用。

class MyModel(models.Model):
    """ MyModel fields go """
    body = models.TextField(max_length=200)
    pub_date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, auto_now=False)


def post_save_actions(sender, instance, created, **kwargs):
    if created:
        pass
        # post save actions if new instance is created,
        # do something with `instance` or another models
        # be careful about circular imports. \m/

和信号挂钩,

post_save.connect(post_save_user_actions, sender=MyModel)

假设您的应用程序名称是 blog,在项目的 settings.py 文件中确保在主项目的 INSTALLED_APP 变量中注册 blog 应用程序settings.py 文件为 blog.apps.BlogConfig 而不仅仅是 blog。这对我有用。

如果您在 signals.py 中编写的所有内容都正确但无法正常工作,请检查这些步骤...(假设在名为 AppName 的应用中)

  1. __init__.py中,把行

    default_app_config = 'AppName.apps.AppnameConfig'
    
  2. apps.py文件中,放入块

    from django.apps import AppConfig
    
    
    class AppnameConfig(AppConfig):
        name = 'AppName'
    
        def ready(self):
            import AppName.signals