Shell-编辑软链接的脚本 - 绝对到相对

Question

我需要编辑一些损坏的软链接，因为它们是绝对的。我想把它们送给一些亲戚。为此，我需要计算它们指向的路径的起始目录深度。然后我需要用 ../ 替换这些计数的目录，因为我只需要起床，直到找到匹配的目录。

我已经找到失效链接的行：

find -type l | while read f; do if [ ! -e "$f" ]; then ls -l "$f"; fi; done

这行得通，所以我可以找到损坏的，但我不知道如何继续。

编辑： 我发现以下解决方案有效：

depthRoot=2 # Depth of root-directory
find -type l |
while read f
do
  if [ ! -e "$f" ] # broken link found (put in variable f)
  then
    echo "Link found: $f" # output of broken link
    previous="$(readlink "$f")" # target of broken link in variable previous
    echo "points to: $previous" # output of target

    y=$"${f//[^\/]}" # generating string of f with all the slashs
    depthFrom=${#y} # count length of y an put value in depthFrom
    depthFrom=`expr $depthFrom - 1`
    echo "Depth place = $depthFrom" # output of depth of place of broken link

    y=$"${previous//[^\/]}" # generating string of previous with all the slashs
    depthTarget=${#y} # count length of y an put value in depthTarget
    depthTarget=`expr $depthTarget - $depthRoot - 1` # subtraction of depth of root-directory
    echo "Depth target = $depthTarget" # output of depth of target of link
    depthRoot=`expr $depthRoot + 1` # root-directory-depth +1 (1 Directory - 2 Slashs)

    depth=`expr $depthFrom - $depthTarget` # calculate difference in depth
    echo "difference of depth = $depth" # output of differrence of depth

    while [ $depthRoot -gt 0 ] # while depthRoot > 0
    do
        depthRoot=`expr $depthRoot - 1` # decrement depthRoot by 1
        previous=${previous#*/} # erease everything of previous until first Slash leftside
    done

    f=${f:2} # subtract ./ of f
    tofind="$(echo "$previous"| sed -e 's/[\/&]/\&/g')" # escape subdirectories of previous
    tofind=${tofind%\*} # erease everything on the right side until first backslash
    newlink="$(echo "$f"| sed "s/$tofind//g")" # erease existing side on the left
    newlink=${newlink:1}                
    while [ $depth -gt 0 ] # while depth > 1 
    do
    newlinkaddition=$newlinkaddition"../" # generating ../ for relative links
    newlink=${newlink#*/} # remove old directories which will be replaced by ../
    depth=`expr $depth - 1` # decrement depth
    done


    newlink=$newlinkaddition$newlink # generating target of new link
    rm $f # erease old link
    ln -s "$newlink" "$" # generating new link
    echo "new link generated: $newlink -> $f" # output of successfull generation of new link
  fi
done

Answer 1

问题是您需要知道所有损坏的 link 都有一个共同的根。

例如在我的试用中，你的代码给了我这个输出

 lrwxrwxrwx 1 user group 10 Aug 10 17:31 ./a/c -> /tmp/old/c

在这种情况下，共同根是 /tmp/old

因此必须将其删除并替换为相对 link 到应该是当前目录的新位置

oldroot=/tmp/old/    # needs / at the end!
find -type l |
while read f
do
  if [ ! -e "$f" ]      # dead link found
  then
    f="${f#./}"                    # remove ^./ from find result
    echo "found link $f"
    previous="$(readlink "$f")"    # get old destination
    echo "pointing to $previous"
    previous="${previous#$oldroot}"   # remove oldroot
    newlink="$(echo "$f"|awk 'BEGIN{FS=OFS="/"}{for(i=1;i<NF;i++){printf "../"}}END{print "."}')"
    newlink="$(echo "$newlink/$previous"|sed 's,/\./,/,g')"
    echo "creating link $f -> $newlink"
    rm $f                                      
    ln -s "$newlink" "$f"
  fi
done

此解决方案使用 awk 和 sed。也许在 bash 中也可以这样做，但在这种情况下我更愿意使用 awk & sed。

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