Matlab：为 GUI 编辑文本设置默认值并在按钮回调中使用它们
Matlab: set default values for GUI edit text and use them in push button callback
我正在尝试使用默认值初始化 GUI（使用 GUIDE 构建），然后，如果用户不更改默认值，则在由按钮回调触发的函数中使用这些值。
为此，在 _CreateFcn 中，我首先将默认值存储在 handles 中，然后使用 set(hObject, ...) 设置 GUI 的默认值，最后使用更新 guidata guidata(hObject, handles);
如果用户更改值，我将更新后的值存储在 _Callback 函数内的句柄中，使用 get(hObject, ...) 读取值并使用 guidata(hObject, handles);[=26 更新 guidata =]
按下按钮时，在按钮 _Callback 函数内，我从 handles.
中提取值
发生以下情况：
- 如果用户不更改 GUI 上的值并简单地按下按钮，我从句柄中存储的变量中读出的是不变量的值，但实际handle给变量（例如：
27.0098876953125）
- 另一方面，如果用户确实在按下按钮之前更改了值，那么一切正常，我得到了实际的变量值。
我错过了什么？
更新
在 oro777 评论之后，我添加了其余代码以便更好地分析。我也尝试过使用较新的 (R2015b) 版本的 MATLAB，结果是一样的，不同之处在于现在按钮回调函数中的 disp 显示了整个句柄结构，而不仅仅是 ID：
UIControl (ampmin) with properties:
Style: 'edit'
String: '1'
BackgroundColor: [1 1 1]
Callback: @(hObject,eventdata)GUI('ampmin_Callback',hObject,eventdata,guidata(hObject))
Value: 0
Position: [15.6000 14.6154 10.2000 1.6923]
Units: 'characters'
Use get to show all properties
我还注意到以下几点：
- 如果我启动 .fig 文件一切正常
- 如果我按下 .m 文件上的 run 按钮，就会发生上述奇怪的行为
代码如下：
function varargout = GUI2(varargin)
% GUI2 MATLAB code for GUI2.fig
% GUI2, by itself, creates a new GUI2 or raises the existing
% singleton*.
%
% H = GUI2 returns the handle to a new GUI2 or the handle to
% the existing singleton*.
%
% GUI2('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local
% function named CALLBACK in GUI2.M with the given input arguments.
%
% GUI2('Property','Value',...) creates a new GUI2 or raises the
% existing singleton*. Starting from the left, property value pairs are
% applied to the GUI2 before GUI2_OpeningFcn gets called. An
% unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application
% stop. All inputs are passed to GUI2_OpeningFcn via varargin.
%
% *See GUI2 Options on GUIDE Tools menu. Choose "GUI2 allows only one
% instance to run (singleton)".
%
% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES
% Edit the above text to modify the response to help GUI2
% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 14-Aug-2015 10:39:46
% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
gui_Singleton = 1;
gui_State = struct('gui_Name', mfilename, ...
'gui_Singleton', gui_Singleton, ...
'gui_OpeningFcn', @GUI2_OpeningFcn, ...
'gui_OutputFcn', @GUI2_OutputFcn, ...
'gui_LayoutFcn', [] , ...
'gui_Callback', []);
if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})
gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});
end
if nargout
[varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
else
gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
end
% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
% --- Executes just before GUI2 is made visible.
function GUI2_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.
% hObject handle to figure
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% varargin command line arguments to GUI2 (see VARARGIN)
% Choose default command line output for GUI2
handles.output = hObject;
% Update handles structure
guidata(hObject, handles);
% UIWAIT makes GUI2 wait for user response (see UIRESUME)
% uiwait(handles.figure1);
% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.
function varargout = GUI2_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% varargout cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);
% hObject handle to figure
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% Get default command line output from handles structure
varargout{1} = handles.output;
% --- Executes on button press in startAnalysis.
function startAnalysis_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to startAnalysis (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
disp(handles.ampmin)
function ampmin_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to ampmin (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of ampmin as text
% str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of ampmin as a double
handles.ampmin = str2double(get(hObject,'String'));
% Update handles structure
guidata(hObject, handles);
% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function ampmin_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to ampmin (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called
% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.
% See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end
handles.ampmin = 1.0;
disp(handles.ampmin)
set(hObject, 'String', num2str(handles.ampmin))
% Update handles structure
guidata(hObject, handles);
谢谢@Hoki，这就是问题所在。由于我没有看到任何对 handles.ampmin 的直接引用，我认为它不会用于存储句柄，但查看实际的 .fig 导出代码，很明显这确实是uicontrol句柄已存储。
我正在尝试使用默认值初始化 GUI（使用 GUIDE 构建），然后，如果用户不更改默认值，则在由按钮回调触发的函数中使用这些值。
为此，在 _CreateFcn 中，我首先将默认值存储在 handles 中，然后使用 set(hObject, ...) 设置 GUI 的默认值，最后使用更新 guidata guidata(hObject, handles);
如果用户更改值，我将更新后的值存储在 _Callback 函数内的句柄中，使用 get(hObject, ...) 读取值并使用 guidata(hObject, handles);[=26 更新 guidata =]
按下按钮时，在按钮 _Callback 函数内，我从 handles.
发生以下情况：
- 如果用户不更改 GUI 上的值并简单地按下按钮，我从句柄中存储的变量中读出的是不变量的值，但实际handle给变量（例如：
27.0098876953125） - 另一方面，如果用户确实在按下按钮之前更改了值，那么一切正常，我得到了实际的变量值。
我错过了什么？
更新
在 oro777 评论之后，我添加了其余代码以便更好地分析。我也尝试过使用较新的 (R2015b) 版本的 MATLAB，结果是一样的，不同之处在于现在按钮回调函数中的 disp 显示了整个句柄结构，而不仅仅是 ID：
UIControl (ampmin) with properties:
Style: 'edit'
String: '1'
BackgroundColor: [1 1 1]
Callback: @(hObject,eventdata)GUI('ampmin_Callback',hObject,eventdata,guidata(hObject))
Value: 0
Position: [15.6000 14.6154 10.2000 1.6923]
Units: 'characters'
Use get to show all properties
我还注意到以下几点：
- 如果我启动 .fig 文件一切正常
- 如果我按下 .m 文件上的 run 按钮，就会发生上述奇怪的行为
代码如下：
function varargout = GUI2(varargin)
% GUI2 MATLAB code for GUI2.fig
% GUI2, by itself, creates a new GUI2 or raises the existing
% singleton*.
%
% H = GUI2 returns the handle to a new GUI2 or the handle to
% the existing singleton*.
%
% GUI2('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local
% function named CALLBACK in GUI2.M with the given input arguments.
%
% GUI2('Property','Value',...) creates a new GUI2 or raises the
% existing singleton*. Starting from the left, property value pairs are
% applied to the GUI2 before GUI2_OpeningFcn gets called. An
% unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application
% stop. All inputs are passed to GUI2_OpeningFcn via varargin.
%
% *See GUI2 Options on GUIDE Tools menu. Choose "GUI2 allows only one
% instance to run (singleton)".
%
% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES
% Edit the above text to modify the response to help GUI2
% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 14-Aug-2015 10:39:46
% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
gui_Singleton = 1;
gui_State = struct('gui_Name', mfilename, ...
'gui_Singleton', gui_Singleton, ...
'gui_OpeningFcn', @GUI2_OpeningFcn, ...
'gui_OutputFcn', @GUI2_OutputFcn, ...
'gui_LayoutFcn', [] , ...
'gui_Callback', []);
if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})
gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});
end
if nargout
[varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
else
gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
end
% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
% --- Executes just before GUI2 is made visible.
function GUI2_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.
% hObject handle to figure
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% varargin command line arguments to GUI2 (see VARARGIN)
% Choose default command line output for GUI2
handles.output = hObject;
% Update handles structure
guidata(hObject, handles);
% UIWAIT makes GUI2 wait for user response (see UIRESUME)
% uiwait(handles.figure1);
% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.
function varargout = GUI2_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% varargout cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);
% hObject handle to figure
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% Get default command line output from handles structure
varargout{1} = handles.output;
% --- Executes on button press in startAnalysis.
function startAnalysis_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to startAnalysis (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
disp(handles.ampmin)
function ampmin_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to ampmin (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of ampmin as text
% str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of ampmin as a double
handles.ampmin = str2double(get(hObject,'String'));
% Update handles structure
guidata(hObject, handles);
% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function ampmin_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to ampmin (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called
% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.
% See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end
handles.ampmin = 1.0;
disp(handles.ampmin)
set(hObject, 'String', num2str(handles.ampmin))
% Update handles structure
guidata(hObject, handles);
谢谢@Hoki，这就是问题所在。由于我没有看到任何对 handles.ampmin 的直接引用，我认为它不会用于存储句柄，但查看实际的 .fig 导出代码，很明显这确实是uicontrol句柄已存储。