为什么使用 from __future__ import print_function 会中断 Python2 风格的打印?

Why does using from __future__ import print_function breaks Python2-style print?

我是 python 编程的新手,我试图用分隔符和结尾打印出来,但它仍然给我一个语法错误。

我正在使用 python 2.7.

这是我的代码:

from __future__ import print_function
import sys, os, time

for x in range(0,10):
    print x, sep=' ', end=''
    time.sleep(1)

这里是错误:

$ python2 xy.py
  File "xy.py", line 5
    print x, sep=' ', end=''
          ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
$

首先,from __future__ import print_function 需要是脚本中的第一行代码(除了下面提到的一些例外情况)。其次,正如其他答案所说,您现在必须使用 print 作为函数。这就是 from __future__ import print_function 的重点;将 print function 从 Python 3 带入 Python 2.6+.

from __future__ import print_function

import sys, os, time

for x in range(0,10):
    print(x, sep=' ', end='')  # No need for sep here, but okay :)
    time.sleep(1)

__future__ 语句需要靠近文件的顶部,因为它们改变了语言的基本内容,因此编译器需要从一开始就知道它们。来自 the documentation:

A future statement is recognized and treated specially at compile time: Changes to the semantics of core constructs are often implemented by generating different code. It may even be the case that a new feature introduces new incompatible syntax (such as a new reserved word), in which case the compiler may need to parse the module differently. Such decisions cannot be pushed off until runtime.

文档还提到,可以在 __future__ 语句之前的唯一内容是模块文档字符串、注释、空行和其他未来语句。