如何在低内存 Android 设备上跳过启动画面 Activity？

Question

在 minSdkLevel=9 的应用程序中，启动画面由以下代码显示：

public class SplashActivity extends Activity {
    private static final int DELAY = 3000;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(final Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        try {
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_splash);
        } catch (OutOfMemoryError e) {
            // ignore
        }

        new Handler().postDelayed(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                final Intent intent = new Intent(
                    SplashActivity.this, MainActivity.class);
                intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NO_ANIMATION);
                startActivity(intent);
                finish();
            }
        }, DELAY);

        Utils.init(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void onBackPressed() {
        // protect from exiting the application when splash screen is shown
    }
}

activity_splash.xml布局文件主要由一个ImageView组成：

<FrameLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <ImageView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_gravity="center"
        android:contentDescription="@string/app_name"
        android:scaleType="centerInside"
        android:src="@drawable/splash" />

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="bottom|center_horizontal"
        android:text="@string/copyright" />

</FrameLayout>

不幸的是，在 Nexus 1 上，应用程序崩溃并出现 内存不足 错误：

splash.png 有 2 个变体 - mdpi (280 KByte) 和 xxhdpi:

初始图像当然可以按比例缩小，可以提供更多变体（ldpi、xhdpi、...）——但为什么上面 Java 代码中的 try/catch 没有帮忙吗？

是否有更好的方法来处理这个问题 - 也许有一些指令 AndroidManifest.xml 可以跳过 SplashActivity 并在低内存设备上加载 MainActivity？

这里是完整的崩溃跟踪：

java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{XXX/XXX.SplashActivity}: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #9: Error inflating class android.widget.ImageView
        at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:1647)
        at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:1663)
        at android.app.ActivityThread.access00(ActivityThread.java:117)
        at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:931)
        at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
        at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:130)
        at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:3683)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:507)
        at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:839)
        at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:597)
        at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
 Caused by: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #9: Error inflating class android.widget.ImageView
        at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:518)
        at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneLayoutInflater.onCreateView(PhoneLayoutInflater.java:56)
        at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:568)
        at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:623)
        at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:408)
        at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:320)
        at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:276)
        at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow.setContentView(PhoneWindow.java:207)
        at android.app.Activity.setContentView(Activity.java:1657)
        at XXX.SplashActivity.onCreate(SplashActivity.java:16)
        at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1047)
        at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:1611)
            at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:1663)
            at android.app.ActivityThread.access00(ActivityThread.java:117)
            at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:931)
            at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
            at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:130)
            at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:3683)
            at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
            at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:507)
            at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:839)
            at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:597)
            at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
 Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
        at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.constructNative(Native Method)
        at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:415)
        at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:505)
            at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneLayoutInflater.onCreateView(PhoneLayoutInflater.java:56)
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:568)
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:623)
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:408)
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:320)
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:276)
            at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow.setContentView(PhoneWindow.java:207)
            at android.app.Activity.setContentView(Activity.java:1657)
            at XXX.SplashActivity.onCreate(SplashActivity.java:16)
            at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1047)
            at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:1611)
            at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:1663)
            at android.app.ActivityThread.access00(ActivityThread.java:117)
            at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:931)
            at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
            at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:130)
            at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:3683)
            at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
            at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:507)
            at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:839)
            at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:597)
            at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
 Caused by: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: bitmap size exceeds VM budget
        at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.nativeDecodeAsset(Native Method)
        at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeStream(BitmapFactory.java:460)
        at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeResourceStream(BitmapFactory.java:336)
        at android.graphics.drawable.Drawable.createFromResourceStream(Drawable.java:697)
        at android.content.res.Resources.loadDrawable(Resources.java:1709)
        at android.content.res.TypedArray.getDrawable(TypedArray.java:601)
        at android.widget.ImageView.<init>(ImageView.java:118)
        at android.widget.ImageView.<init>(ImageView.java:108)
            at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.constructNative(Native Method)
            at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:415)
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:505)
            at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneLayoutInflater.onCreateView(PhoneLayoutInflater.java:56)
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:568)
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:623)
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:408)
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:320)
            at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:276)
            at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow.setContentView(PhoneWindow.java:207)
            at android.app.Activity.setContentView(Activity.java:1657)
            at XXX.SplashActivity.onCreate(SplashActivity.java:16)
            at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1047)
            at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:1611)
            at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:1663)
            at android.app.ActivityThread.access00(ActivityThread.java:117)
            at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:931)
            at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
            at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:130)
            at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:3683)
            at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
            at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:507)
            at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:839)
            at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:597)
            at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)

Answer 1

尝试将图像的大小从 .png 调整为 .jpg 格式。这会将尺寸减小近一半。然后在您的活动清单文件中使用 largeHeap 标签，

<application
....
   android:largeHeap="true">

还请记住制作一个 try catch 块，这样您就可以绕过显示初始屏幕并重定向到主屏幕 activity。

While( ! success ) {
   try {
       // load resources
  }  catch (OutOfMemoryError E) { 
       // do something to use less memory and try again
  }
 }

Answer 2

这是堆栈的相关位，告诉我它是一个 InflateException:

Caused by: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #9: Error inflating class android.widget.ImageView
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:518)
    at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneLayoutInflater.onCreateView(PhoneLayoutInflater.java:56)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:568)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:623)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:408)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:320)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:276)
    at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow.setContentView(PhoneWindow.java:207)
    at android.app.Activity.setContentView(Activity.java:1657)
    at XXX.SplashActivity.onCreate(SplashActivity.java:16)

^你的方法在这里

下面的其他“Caused by:”是内部异常。

java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{XXX/XXX.SplashActivity}: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #9: Error inflating class android.widget.ImageView
Caused by: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #9: Error inflating class android.widget.ImageView
Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
Caused by: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: bitmap size exceeds VM budget

Answer 3

首先，你为什么要显示这个闪屏？这不是好的做法，它的代码除了等待 3 秒之外什么都不做，它显然会导致问题，但你坚持要修复它而不是完全摆脱它。傻！

其次，许多年前出现的 N1 等设备没有现代设备那样的 RAM 功能。仅使用一张位图，您就会耗尽它的资源。要么优化您的位图使用，要么完全摆脱它，如果您必须拥有启动画面，请寻找替代方案。

如何在低内存 Android 设备上跳过启动画面 Activity？

How to skip splash screen Activity on low memory Android devices?

android

out-of-memory

android-manifest

splash-screen