为什么我的测试告诉我 "param is missing or the value is empty:"？

Question

使用 Rails 4.2，rspec 2.14，rspec-rails 2.14，faker 和 factory-girls-rails gems

我有一个名为 Appointment 的模型，我正在对它进行运行一些测试，除了控制器规范下的 #create 之外，一切都通过了。

我收到的错误信息是：

Failure/Error: post :create, FactoryGirl.attributes_for(:appointment) ActionController::ParameterMissing: param is missing or the value is empty: appointment

约会模型验证是否存在与称为服务的对象的关联。

这是我的 appointment.rb 工厂：

require 'faker'

FactoryGirl.define do 
    factory :appointment do |f|
        f.service {FactoryGirl.create(:service)} 
        f.appointment_time { Faker::Time.between(DateTime.now - 1, DateTime.now) }
    end
end

这是我的 appointment_spec.rb:

require 'spec_helper'

describe Appointment do

    it "has a valid factory" do
        FactoryGirl.create(:appointment).should be_valid
    end

    it "is invalid if it does not have a Service association" do
        FactoryGirl.build(
            :appointment, service: nil).should_not be_valid
    end

end

我一直在按照 here 列出的说明来制作我的控制器规范。我还发现很多 Whosebug 帖子都说要做同样的事情，但我仍然得到同样的错误。

这是我的 appointment_controller_spec.rb

未通过的测试

describe AppointmentsController do

 #other controller action code...

    describe "POST #create" do
        context "with valid attributes" do
            it "saves the new appointment in the database" do
                expect {
                    post :create, FactoryGirl.attributes_for(:appointment)
                }.to change(Appointment, :count).by(1)
            end

            it "redirects to show page" do
                post :create, FactoryGirl.attributes_for(:appointment)
                response.should redirect_to Appointment.last
            end
        end
end

我很茫然，希望有人能提供一些见解。

编辑：

正如你们中的一些人所建议的，我更改了控制器规格。这实际上是我在将代码更改为您在上面看到的内容之前所拥有的：

    it "saves the new appointment in the database" do
        expect {
            post :create, appointment:  FactoryGirl.attributes_for(:appointment)
        }.to change(Appointment, :count).by(1)
    end

我改变这个的原因是当我有这个时我原来的错误信息是：

Failure/Error: expect { count should have been changed by 1, but was changed by 0

抱歉造成混淆。

Answer 1

我相信您只需要按如下方式阅读 AppointmentsController 规范：

 describe AppointmentsController do

 #other controller action code...

    describe "POST #create" do
        context "with valid attributes" do
            it "saves the new appointment in the database" do
                expect {
                    post :create, appointment:  FactoryGirl.attributes_for(:appointment)
                }.to change(Appointment, :count).by(1)
            end

            it "redirects to show page" do
                post :create, appointment: FactoryGirl.attributes_for(:appointment)
                response.should redirect_to Appointment.last
            end
        end
end

在 post 调用中通过 FactoryGirl 提供属性之前添加 appointment:。

Answer 2

您是否在控制器中使用 strong_params？看起来您正在寻找约会参数，但您只是获得了属性的哈希值。

试试这个：

    it "saves the new appointment in the database" do
        expect {
            post :create, appointment: FactoryGirl.attributes_for(:appointment)
        }.to change(Appointment, :count).by(1)
    end

为什么我的测试告诉我 "param is missing or the value is empty:"？

Why are my tests telling me "param is missing or the value is empty:"?

rspec

ruby-on-rails

rspec-rails

ruby-on-rails-4

factory-bot