计算给定日期的整周数

Calculate no of whole weeks for a given dates

from datetime import datetime

def calculate_whole_week(year, start_month, end_month, weekday):
    date_str_start =  str(year)+' ' + start_month+' '+ weekday
    date_str_end =  str(year)+' ' + end_month+' '+ weekday
    start_day = datetime.strptime(date_str_start, '%Y %B %A')  
    end_day = datetime.strptime(date_str_end, '%Y %B %A')
    no_of_whole_weeks =  (end_day - start_day).days//7 -1
    return no_of_whole_weeks


calculate_whole_week(2014,'April','May','Wednesday')

我尝试了以下但无法编译它

start_week_day = time.strptime(str(Y)+' '+ A + ' '+ W,"%Y %B %A").tm_wday
end_week_day = time.strptime(str(Y)+' '+ B + ' '+ W,"%Y %B %A").tm_wday

start_dt = time.strptime(str(Y)+' '+A+' '+ str(start_week_day),'%Y %B %d')
end_dt = time.strptime(str(Y)+' '+ B +' '+ str(end_week_day),'%Y %B %d')
no_of_whole_weeks =  (end_dt - start_dt).days//7 -1
print (end_dt - start_dt).days
return no_of_whole_weeks

我在这里面临的挑战是如何计算我经过的工作日的确切日期

如果我 运行 上面的代码我得到 3 而不是 7

你为什么不把问题分解成更小的部分,然后分别解决每个问题?例如:

  1. 给定两个 datedatetime 对象,确定它们之间的整周数:

    def whole_weeks(start, end):
        """Number of whole weeks between start and end dates."""
        weeks = 0
        while start <= end:
            start += datetime.timedelta(weeks=1)
            weeks += 1
        return weeks - 1
    
  2. 给定年份、月份名称和星期名称,计算与其匹配的第一个日期:

    def first_matching_date(year, month_name, weekday_name):
        """The first date a weekday occurred in a given month and year."""
        day = datetime.datetime.strptime(str(year) + month_name, '%Y%B')
        for _ in range(7):
            if day.strftime('%A') == weekday_name:
                return day
            day += datetime.timedelta(days=1)
        raise ValueError('no matching date for {!r}'.format(weekday_name))
    
  3. 因此,给定一年、两个月和一个工作日,求每个月中该工作日第一次出现之间的整周数:

    def calculate_whole_week(year, start_month, end_month, weekday_name):
        """Whole weeks between the weekday in specified start and end month."""
        return whole_weeks(
            first_matching_date(year, start_month, weekday_name),
            first_matching_date(year, end_month, weekday_name),
        )
    

这使得开发和测试每个步骤变得更加容易,导致代码更具可读性,并给了我:

>>> calculate_whole_week(2014, 'April', 'May', 'Wednesday')
5

这确实是2014年4月的第一个星期三(2014/4/2)和2014年5月的第一个星期三(2014/5/7)之间的整周数;我不确定您为什么期望 7。我可能误解了具体问题,但希望你能把分解它的过程应用到你的实际任务中。