Python。 ValueError 无法将字符串转换为浮点数:

Python. ValueError could not convert string to float:

我正在尝试生成文本文件中指定列中数字的平均值。我收到一条错误消息,指出 python 无法将字符串转换为浮点数,但我看不出我可以向它传递无效字符串的位置。

def avg_col(f, col, delim=None, nhr=0):
    """
    file, int, str, int -> float

    Produces average of data stored in column col of file f

    Requires: file has nhr header rows of data; data is separated by delim

    >>> test_file = StringIO('0.0, 3.5, 2.0, 5.8, 2.1')
    >>> avg_col(test_file, 2, ',', 0)
    2.0

    >>> test_file = StringIO('0.0, 3.5, 2.0, 5.8, 2.1')
    >>> avg_col(test_file, 3, ',', 0)
    5.8
    """
    total = 0 
    count = 0


    skip_rows(f, nhr)
    for line in f: 
        if line.strip() != '':
            data = line.split(delim)
            col_data = data[col]
            total = sum_data(col_data) + total
            count = len(col_data) + count 
    return total / count

def sum_data(lod):
    '''
    (listof str) -> Real 

    Consume a list of string-data in a file and produce the sum

    >>> sum_data(['0'])
    0.0
    >>> sum_data(['1.5'])
    1.5

    '''
    data_sum = 0
    for number in lod: 
        data_sum = data_sum + float(number)
    return data_sum

您正在将一个字符串传递给sum_lod():

data = line.split(delim)
col_data = data[col]
total = sum_data(col_data) + total

data 是一个字符串列表,data[col] 是一个元素。

另一方面,

sum_data() 期望 iterable:

def sum_data(lod):
    # ...
    for number in lod: 

遍历一个数字然后得到单独的字符:

>>> for element in '5.8':
...     print element
... 
5
.
8

尝试转换此类字符串的每个元素很容易导致您尝试将 数字的字符转换为浮点数:

>>> float('.')
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ValueError: could not convert string to float: .

要么传入一个 list 字符串:

total += sum_data([col_data])
count += 1

或简单地在您拥有的一个元素上使用 float()

total += float(col_data)
count += 1