为什么 jbehave-maven-plugin 给我一个 NoClassDefFoundError？
Why does jbehave-maven-plugin give me a NoClassDefFoundError?
当我 运行 mvn integration-test -e com.example.mymodule:
时出现以下错误
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.jbehave:jbehave-maven-plugin:3.9.5:run-stories-as-embeddables (embeddable-stories) on project com.example.mymodule: Failed to run stories as embeddables: Failure in running embeddable: com.example.mymodule.TheStories: Could not initialize class freemarker.ext.beans.BeansWrapper -> [Help 1]
org.apache.maven.lifecycle.LifecycleExecutionException: Failed to execute goal org.jbehave:jbehave-maven-plugin:3.9.5:run-stories-as-embeddables (embeddable-stories) on project com.example.mymodule: Failed to run stories as embeddables
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:212)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:153)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:145)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:108)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:76)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.builder.singlethreaded.SingleThreadedBuilder.build(SingleThreadedBuilder.java:51)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleStarter.execute(LifecycleStarter.java:116)
at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.doExecute(DefaultMaven.java:361)
at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.execute(DefaultMaven.java:155)
at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.execute(MavenCli.java:584)
at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.doMain(MavenCli.java:213)
at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.main(MavenCli.java:157)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launchEnhanced(Launcher.java:289)
at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:229)
at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.mainWithExitCode(Launcher.java:415)
at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.main(Launcher.java:356)
Caused by: org.apache.maven.plugin.MojoFailureException: Failed to run stories as embeddables
at org.jbehave.mojo.RunStoriesAsEmbeddables.execute(RunStoriesAsEmbeddables.java:20)
at org.apache.maven.plugin.DefaultBuildPluginManager.executeMojo(DefaultBuildPluginManager.java:133)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:208)
... 19 more
Caused by: org.jbehave.core.embedder.Embedder$RunningEmbeddablesFailed: Failure in running embeddable: com.example.mymodule.TheStories
at org.jbehave.core.embedder.Embedder.runAsEmbeddables(Embedder.java:130)
at org.jbehave.mojo.RunStoriesAsEmbeddables.execute(RunStoriesAsEmbeddables.java:18)
... 21 more
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class freemarker.ext.beans.BeansWrapper
at freemarker.template.ObjectWrapper.<clinit>(ObjectWrapper.java:69)
at freemarker.core.Configurable.<init>(Configurable.java:139)
at freemarker.template.Configuration.<init>(Configuration.java:142)
at freemarker.template.Configuration.<clinit>(Configuration.java:127)
at org.jbehave.core.reporters.FreemarkerProcessor.configuration(FreemarkerProcessor.java:30)
at org.jbehave.core.reporters.FreemarkerProcessor.process(FreemarkerProcessor.java:21)
at org.jbehave.core.reporters.TemplateableViewGenerator.write(TemplateableViewGenerator.java:267)
at org.jbehave.core.reporters.TemplateableViewGenerator.createReports(TemplateableViewGenerator.java:219)
at org.jbehave.core.reporters.TemplateableViewGenerator.generateReportsView(TemplateableViewGenerator.java:110)
at org.jbehave.core.embedder.Embedder.generateReportsView(Embedder.java:249)
at org.jbehave.core.embedder.Embedder.generateReportsView(Embedder.java:237)
at org.jbehave.core.embedder.Embedder.runStoriesAsPaths(Embedder.java:213)
at org.jbehave.core.junit.JUnitStories.run(JUnitStories.java:20)
at org.jbehave.core.embedder.Embedder.runAsEmbeddables(Embedder.java:121)
... 22 more
当我运行mvn dependency:tree -pl com.example.mymodule | grep freemarker我得到
[INFO] | +- org.freemarker:freemarker:jar:2.3.19:compile
我使用 javap 确认 class freemarker.ext.beans.BeansWrapper 存在于这个 jar 中：
javap -classpath C:\Users\CONOR2\.m2\repository\org\freemarker\freemarker.3.19\freemarker-2.3.19.jar freemarker.ext.beans.BeansWrapper
这是我的 pom.xml 依赖项的相关部分：
<dependency>
<groupId>org.jbehave</groupId>
<artifactId>jbehave-core</artifactId>
<version>3.9.5</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.jbehave</groupId>
<artifactId>jbehave-core</artifactId>
<version>3.9.5</version>
<classifier>resources</classifier>
<type>zip</type>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.jbehave.site</groupId>
<artifactId>jbehave-site-resources</artifactId>
<version>3.2</version>
<type>zip</type>
</dependency>
这是我的插件部分：
<plugin>
<groupId>org.jbehave</groupId>
<artifactId>jbehave-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.9.5</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>unpack-view-resources</id>
<phase>process-resources</phase>
<goals>
<goal>unpack-view-resources</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
<execution>
<id>embeddable-stories</id>
<phase>integration-test</phase>
<configuration>
<includes>
<include>com/example/mymodule/TheStories.java</include>
</includes>
<excludes />
<ignoreFailureInStories>true</ignoreFailureInStories>
<ignoreFailureInView>false</ignoreFailureInView>
<scope>test</scope>
<threads>1</threads>
<metaFilters>
<metaFilter></metaFilter>
</metaFilters>
</configuration>
<goals>
<goal>run-stories-as-embeddables</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
我在 3.9.5 和 4.0.3 版本上尝试过，但是我在两个版本上都遇到了同样的错误。
事实证明，jbehave-maven-plugin 在使用 log4j 时遇到了问题。添加 log4j:log4j 和 org.slf4j:slf4j-log4j 作为插件的依赖项解决了这个问题。
当我 运行 mvn integration-test -e com.example.mymodule:
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.jbehave:jbehave-maven-plugin:3.9.5:run-stories-as-embeddables (embeddable-stories) on project com.example.mymodule: Failed to run stories as embeddables: Failure in running embeddable: com.example.mymodule.TheStories: Could not initialize class freemarker.ext.beans.BeansWrapper -> [Help 1]
org.apache.maven.lifecycle.LifecycleExecutionException: Failed to execute goal org.jbehave:jbehave-maven-plugin:3.9.5:run-stories-as-embeddables (embeddable-stories) on project com.example.mymodule: Failed to run stories as embeddables
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:212)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:153)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:145)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:108)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:76)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.builder.singlethreaded.SingleThreadedBuilder.build(SingleThreadedBuilder.java:51)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleStarter.execute(LifecycleStarter.java:116)
at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.doExecute(DefaultMaven.java:361)
at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.execute(DefaultMaven.java:155)
at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.execute(MavenCli.java:584)
at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.doMain(MavenCli.java:213)
at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.main(MavenCli.java:157)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launchEnhanced(Launcher.java:289)
at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:229)
at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.mainWithExitCode(Launcher.java:415)
at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.main(Launcher.java:356)
Caused by: org.apache.maven.plugin.MojoFailureException: Failed to run stories as embeddables
at org.jbehave.mojo.RunStoriesAsEmbeddables.execute(RunStoriesAsEmbeddables.java:20)
at org.apache.maven.plugin.DefaultBuildPluginManager.executeMojo(DefaultBuildPluginManager.java:133)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:208)
... 19 more
Caused by: org.jbehave.core.embedder.Embedder$RunningEmbeddablesFailed: Failure in running embeddable: com.example.mymodule.TheStories
at org.jbehave.core.embedder.Embedder.runAsEmbeddables(Embedder.java:130)
at org.jbehave.mojo.RunStoriesAsEmbeddables.execute(RunStoriesAsEmbeddables.java:18)
... 21 more
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class freemarker.ext.beans.BeansWrapper
at freemarker.template.ObjectWrapper.<clinit>(ObjectWrapper.java:69)
at freemarker.core.Configurable.<init>(Configurable.java:139)
at freemarker.template.Configuration.<init>(Configuration.java:142)
at freemarker.template.Configuration.<clinit>(Configuration.java:127)
at org.jbehave.core.reporters.FreemarkerProcessor.configuration(FreemarkerProcessor.java:30)
at org.jbehave.core.reporters.FreemarkerProcessor.process(FreemarkerProcessor.java:21)
at org.jbehave.core.reporters.TemplateableViewGenerator.write(TemplateableViewGenerator.java:267)
at org.jbehave.core.reporters.TemplateableViewGenerator.createReports(TemplateableViewGenerator.java:219)
at org.jbehave.core.reporters.TemplateableViewGenerator.generateReportsView(TemplateableViewGenerator.java:110)
at org.jbehave.core.embedder.Embedder.generateReportsView(Embedder.java:249)
at org.jbehave.core.embedder.Embedder.generateReportsView(Embedder.java:237)
at org.jbehave.core.embedder.Embedder.runStoriesAsPaths(Embedder.java:213)
at org.jbehave.core.junit.JUnitStories.run(JUnitStories.java:20)
at org.jbehave.core.embedder.Embedder.runAsEmbeddables(Embedder.java:121)
... 22 more
当我运行mvn dependency:tree -pl com.example.mymodule | grep freemarker我得到
[INFO] | +- org.freemarker:freemarker:jar:2.3.19:compile
我使用 javap 确认 class freemarker.ext.beans.BeansWrapper 存在于这个 jar 中：
javap -classpath C:\Users\CONOR2\.m2\repository\org\freemarker\freemarker.3.19\freemarker-2.3.19.jar freemarker.ext.beans.BeansWrapper
这是我的 pom.xml 依赖项的相关部分：
<dependency>
<groupId>org.jbehave</groupId>
<artifactId>jbehave-core</artifactId>
<version>3.9.5</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.jbehave</groupId>
<artifactId>jbehave-core</artifactId>
<version>3.9.5</version>
<classifier>resources</classifier>
<type>zip</type>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.jbehave.site</groupId>
<artifactId>jbehave-site-resources</artifactId>
<version>3.2</version>
<type>zip</type>
</dependency>
这是我的插件部分：
<plugin>
<groupId>org.jbehave</groupId>
<artifactId>jbehave-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.9.5</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>unpack-view-resources</id>
<phase>process-resources</phase>
<goals>
<goal>unpack-view-resources</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
<execution>
<id>embeddable-stories</id>
<phase>integration-test</phase>
<configuration>
<includes>
<include>com/example/mymodule/TheStories.java</include>
</includes>
<excludes />
<ignoreFailureInStories>true</ignoreFailureInStories>
<ignoreFailureInView>false</ignoreFailureInView>
<scope>test</scope>
<threads>1</threads>
<metaFilters>
<metaFilter></metaFilter>
</metaFilters>
</configuration>
<goals>
<goal>run-stories-as-embeddables</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
我在 3.9.5 和 4.0.3 版本上尝试过，但是我在两个版本上都遇到了同样的错误。
事实证明，jbehave-maven-plugin 在使用 log4j 时遇到了问题。添加 log4j:log4j 和 org.slf4j:slf4j-log4j 作为插件的依赖项解决了这个问题。