如何让 GreaseMonkey 脚本在页面元素显示之前影响它们?

How to make a GreaseMonkey script affect elements in a page before they're displayed?

我试图确保不显示某个网站中的图片,但仍然显示替代文字。最初我试图用 Stylish(使用 Firefox)完成这个并问了以下问题:

接受的答案为我提供了使用 Greasemonkey 的替代解决方案。该脚本使用 waitForKeyElements 来隐藏图像,即使它们是使用 AJAX 添加的。

我将给定的脚本更改为以下内容:

// ==UserScript==
// @name     _Hide pics except for alt text
// @include  http://YOUR_SERVER.COM/YOUR_PATH/*
// @require  http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.0/jquery.min.js
// @require  https://gist.github.com/raw/2625891/waitForKeyElements.js
// @grant    GM_addStyle
// ==/UserScript==

GM_addStyle ( "                                 \
    * {                                         \
        background-image: none !important;      \
    }                                           \
" );

waitForKeyElements ("img", hideImageExceptForAltText);

function hideImageExceptForAltText (jNode) {
    var imgAlt = jNode.attr("alt");
    var imgTitle = jNode.attr("title");

    jNode.css("display", "none");

    var newSpan = $("<span></span>");
    newSpan.attr("title", imgTitle);
    newSpan.append(imgAlt);

    jNode.parent().append(newSpan);
}

就像原始脚本一样,这有一个问题,即在页面加载时图像仍然会显示片刻。

是否可以确保给定的函数将阻止页面上的图像立即显示,以便它们根本不可见?

编辑:Brock Adams 的回复提供了我遗漏的线索。如果有人正在寻找这样的东西,以下是我最终使用的。它在我需要它的网站上运行良好,但我不能保证它在除 Firefox 之外的其他网站或其他浏览器上也能正常运行。

以下隐藏图像并用 link 替换它们(背景图像除外)。单击 link 将显示图像。

// ==UserScript==
// @name        TCRF images
// @namespace   SOMETHING
// @include     http://YOUR_SERVER.COM/YOUR_PATH/*
// @require     http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.0/jquery.min.js
// @require     https://gist.github.com/raw/2625891/waitForKeyElements.js
// @version     1
// @grant       GM_addStyle
// @run-at      document-start
// ==/UserScript==

GM_addStyle ( "\
    * {\
       background-image: none !important;\
    }\
\
    img.gmImgHideHidden {\
       display: none !important;\
    }\
" );

var num = 0;

function gmImgHideShowImg(imgId, linkId)
{
    // Using plain JavaScript because the page itself may not have jquery
    var img = document.getElementById(imgId);
    img.className = img.className.replace( /(?:^|\s)gmImgHideHidden(?!\S)/g , '' );

    var lnk = document.getElementById(linkId);
    lnk.parentNode.removeChild(lnk);
}

// Exporting the "show image" function so that it can be used in the webpage
unsafeWindow.gmImgHideShowImg = exportFunction(gmImgHideShowImg, unsafeWindow);

waitForKeyElements ("img", hideImageExceptForAltText);

function hideImageExceptForAltText (jNode) {
    var imgId = jNode.attr("id");

    // Ensuring an id exists so the image can be searched for later
    if(typeof(imgId) == "undefined")
    {
        imgId = "gmImgHideImg" + num;
        jNode.attr("id", imgId);
    }

    var imgDisp = jNode.css("display");

    var imgAlt = jNode.attr("alt");
    jNode.addClass("gmImgHideHidden");

    var linkId = "gmImgHideLink" + num;

    var linkNode = $("<a></a>");
    linkNode.attr("id", linkId);
    linkNode.append("Image: " + imgAlt);
    linkNode.attr("onclick", "gmImgHideShowImg('" + imgId + "', '" + linkId + "'); return false;");

    jNode.parent().append(linkNode);

    num++;
}

MutationObserver is without a doubt the best solution here. Combined with early injection by @run-at document-start we can make the script pretty much bullet-proof. Check out this fiddle(使用 Firefox 40 测试)查看实际效果。

我认为代码是不言自明的。我已经注释了其中的细微之处,但如果您有任何不明白的地方,请发表评论。

// ==UserScript==
// @run-at document-start
// ==/UserScript==
"use strict";

/* part one: <img> elements */

(new MutationObserver(function(Records, Obs) {
    for (let R of Records) {/* examine each mutation record: */
        /* if the record specifies an attribute mutation… */
        if (
            R.attributeName === "src" &&
            (R.target instanceof Element) && /* this check might be necessary */
            R.target.tagName.toLowerCase() === "img" &&
            R.target.getAttribute("src") !== "" /* avoid infinite loop */
        ) {
            R.target.setAttribute("src", "");
        };

        /* if the record specifies a sub-element mutation… */
        for (let N of R.addedNodes) {
            if (
                (N instanceof Element) && /* this check might be necessary */
                N.tagName.toLowerCase() === "img" &&
                N.getAttribute("src") !== "" /* avoid infinite loop */
            ) {
                N.setAttribute("src", "");
            };
        };
    };
})).observe(document, {
    /* changes wot we listen for */
    childList : true,
    subtree : true,
    attributes : true
});

/* part two: background-image styles */

let check_for_head_elem = function(_, Obs) {
    if (!document.head) {return;};
    Obs.disconnect();

    /* apply our style */
    let Style = document.createElement("style");
    document.head.appendChild(Style);
    Style.sheet.insertRule("* {background-image : none !important;}", 0);
};

let check_for_root_elem = function(_, Obs) {
    if (!document.documentElement) {return;};
    Obs.disconnect();

    /* observe until the <head> element is added */
    Obs = new MutationObserver(check_for_head_elem)
    Obs.observe(document.documentElement, {childList : true});
    check_for_head_elem(null, Obs); /* check here because it might exist already */
};

{/* observe until the <html> element is added */
    let Obs = new MutationObserver(check_for_root_elem);
    Obs.observe(document, {childList : true});
    check_for_root_elem(null, Obs); /* check here because it might exist already */
};

还有一些我没有考虑到的在页面上获取图像的其他方法(<iframe><svg><canvas><li> 要点),但如果有必要,您应该也可以使用突变观察器或 CSS 来处理这些问题。

一个简单、可靠的方法是先设置 CSS,然后再加载其他页面。

@run-at document-startGM_addStyle() 这样做。 (在 Firefox 上;未在最新的 Tampermonkey 上测试)

这样一来,即使是几分之一秒也不会显示图像,就像使用原始代码或使用复杂、挑剔的 MutationObserver 方法一样。

这个完整的脚本显示了过程:

// ==UserScript==
// @name     _Hide pics except for alt text
// @include  http://YOUR_SERVER.COM/YOUR_PATH/*
// @require  http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.0/jquery.min.js
// @require  https://gist.github.com/raw/2625891/waitForKeyElements.js
// @grant    GM_addStyle
// @run-at   document-start
// ==/UserScript==
GM_addStyle ( "                                 \
    * {                                         \
        background-image: none !important;      \
    }                                           \
    img {                                       \
        display: none !important;               \
    }                                           \
" );

/*--- $(document).ready() is not always needed for modern Firefox, but
    use for maximum portability, when script runs at document-start.
*/
$(document).ready ( function () {
    waitForKeyElements ("img", hideImageExceptForAltText);
} );

function hideImageExceptForAltText (jNode) {
    var imgAlt      = jNode.attr("alt")     || "";
    var imgTitle    = jNode.attr("title")   || "";

    jNode.after ('<span title="' + imgTitle + '">' + imgAlt + '</span>');
}