如何在 android 中创建类似键盘按键的按钮?

How to create buttons like keyboard keys in android?

这个问题看似微不足道。我想为我的应用程序创建一个类似键盘键的按钮。当我单击它时,该按钮上方会出现一个弹出窗口 window,显示按下的字母。到目前为止,一切都很好,除了一件事。当我将 onFocusChangedListener 添加到按钮时,没有任何反应。我需要让我的按钮充当键盘键,但我不知道怎么做。

正如您在此处看到的,当按钮获得焦点时,会出现一个弹出窗口 window。我想这样做,但 onFocusChangeListener 不起作用。我知道我可以使用 KeyboardView 来实现这一点,但我不想使用它,因为有一些其他问题,例如居中按钮和使用 layout_weight 设置键的高度。所以我需要用普通按钮来制作它。

我尝试了什么:

我的第一次尝试:

button.setOnFocusChangeListener(new View.OnFocusChangeListener() {
    @Override
    public void onFocusChange(View v, boolean hasFocus) {
        if (hasFocus) {
            popupWindow.showAtLocation(keyboardPopup, Gravity.NO_GRAVITY, location.left - 10, location.top - button.getHeight());
        } else {
            popupWindow.dismiss();
        }
    }
});

结果:什么都没发生。弹出窗口 window 根本没有出现。

编辑: 在我按照 Ashley 的建议添加 button.setFocusableInTouchMode(true); 之后,现在调用了 onFocusChanged,但它的行为如此诡异的。弹出窗口有时显示,但在显示的同时,它永远不会消失...

我的第二次尝试:

button.setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() {
    @Override
    public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
        switch (event.getAction()) {
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
                popupWindow.showAtLocation(keyboardPopup, Gravity.NO_GRAVITY, location.left - 10, location.top - button.getHeight());
                break;
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
                popupWindow.dismiss();
                break;
        }
        return true;
    }
});

结果:这个动作太怪异了。弹出窗口有时会显示,有时不会,但是当它显示时,按钮也不会改变其状态。它应该已经聚焦,但按钮没有任何变化,它就像处于正常状态一样(按钮的背景不会随着我的可绘制对象 xml 中声明的 state_focused 而改变)。 onTouchListener 似乎覆盖了按钮的功能。

这是我的布局的一部分:

<LinearLayout
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="0dp"
    android:layout_weight="3">

    <LinearLayout
        android:orientation="horizontal"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="1">

        <Button
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="Q"
            android:background="@drawable/keyboard_button"
            android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
            android:onClick="onKeyboardClick" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="W"
            android:background="@drawable/keyboard_button"
            android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
            android:onClick="onKeyboardClick" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="E"
            android:background="@drawable/keyboard_button"
            android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
            android:onClick="onKeyboardClick" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="R"
            android:background="@drawable/keyboard_button"
            android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
            android:onClick="onKeyboardClick" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="T"
            android:background="@drawable/keyboard_button"
            android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
            android:onClick="onKeyboardClick" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="Y"
            android:background="@drawable/keyboard_button"
            android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
            android:onClick="onKeyboardClick" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="U"
            android:background="@drawable/keyboard_button"
            android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
            android:onClick="onKeyboardClick" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="I"
            android:background="@drawable/keyboard_button"
            android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
            android:onClick="onKeyboardClick" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="O"
            android:background="@drawable/keyboard_button"
            android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
            android:onClick="onKeyboardClick" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="P"
            android:background="@drawable/keyboard_button"
            android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
            android:onClick="onKeyboardClick" />

    </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout
        android:orientation="horizontal"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="1">

        <View
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:layout_weight="0.5" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="A"
            android:background="@drawable/keyboard_button"
            android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
            android:onClick="onKeyboardClick" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="S"
            android:background="@drawable/keyboard_button"
            android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
            android:onClick="onKeyboardClick" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="D"
            android:background="@drawable/keyboard_button"
            android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
            android:onClick="onKeyboardClick" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="F"
            android:background="@drawable/keyboard_button"
            android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
            android:onClick="onKeyboardClick" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="G"
            android:background="@drawable/keyboard_button"
            android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
            android:onClick="onKeyboardClick" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="H"
            android:background="@drawable/keyboard_button"
            android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
            android:onClick="onKeyboardClick" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="J"
            android:background="@drawable/keyboard_button"
            android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
            android:onClick="onKeyboardClick" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="K"
            android:background="@drawable/keyboard_button"
            android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
            android:onClick="onKeyboardClick" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="L"
            android:background="@drawable/keyboard_button"
            android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
            android:onClick="onKeyboardClick" />

        <View
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:layout_weight="0.5" />

    </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout
        android:orientation="horizontal"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="1">

        <View
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1.5" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="Z"
            android:background="@drawable/keyboard_button"
            android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
            android:onClick="onKeyboardClick" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="X"
            android:background="@drawable/keyboard_button"
            android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
            android:onClick="onKeyboardClick" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="C"
            android:background="@drawable/keyboard_button"
            android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
            android:onClick="onKeyboardClick" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="V"
            android:background="@drawable/keyboard_button"
            android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
            android:onClick="onKeyboardClick" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="B"
            android:background="@drawable/keyboard_button"
            android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
            android:onClick="onKeyboardClick" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="N"
            android:background="@drawable/keyboard_button"
            android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
            android:onClick="onKeyboardClick" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="M"
            android:background="@drawable/keyboard_button"
            android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
            android:onClick="onKeyboardClick" />

        <View
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1.5" />

    </LinearLayout>

</LinearLayout>

代码中:

public void onKeyboardClick(View view) {
    //The view pressed is a button.
    final Button button = (Button) view;

    //Create a PopupWindow.
    LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater) getSystemService(LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
    final View keyboardPopup = inflater.inflate(R.layout.keyboard_popup, null);
    final PopupWindow popupWindow = new PopupWindow(keyboardPopup, view.getWidth() + 20, view.getHeight());
    TextView keyboardKey = (TextView) keyboardPopup.findViewById(R.id.keyboard_key);
    keyboardKey.setText(button.getText().toString());

    //Get button location to show the popup above it.
    int[] keyLocation = new int[2];
    button.getLocationOnScreen(keyLocation);
    final Rect location = new Rect();
    location.left = keyLocation[0];
    location.top = keyLocation[1];
    location.right = location.left + button.getWidth();
    location.bottom = location.top + button.getHeight();

    //This is a temporary solution. I don't want to use that.
    button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            //Show popup.
            popupWindow.showAtLocation(keyboardPopup, Gravity.NO_GRAVITY, location.left - 10, location.top - button.getHeight());
            Handler handler = new Handler();
            handler.postDelayed(new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    //Dismiss popup.
                    popupWindow.dismiss();
                }
            }, 200);
        }
    });
}

任何帮助将不胜感激。谢谢。

我没有在你的代码中注意到它,但你可能遗漏了。

btn.setFocusableInTouchMode(true);
btn.setFocusable(true);

对于焦点变化监听器。

holder.sAttedenceList.setOnItemSelectedListener(new AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener() {
            @Override
            public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id)
            {
                if (!parent.hasFocus()) {
                    return;
                }

不是完整的代码,而是对我有用的一般结构。

不要设置 OnTouchListener,而是尝试继承 Button 并覆盖 onTouchEvent 本身:

public class KeyboardButton extends Button
{
    @Override
    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event)
    {
        switch (event.getAction()) {
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
                popupWindow.showAtLocation(keyboardPopup, Gravity.NO_GRAVITY, location.left - 10, location.top - button.getHeight());
                break;
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
                popupWindow.dismiss();
                break;
        }
        return super.onTouchEvent(event);
    }
}

建议你用第二种试试onTouchListener! 你有 2 个问题:

1.按钮不改变状态

确实,当您覆盖 onTouchListener 时,您必须自己模拟状态。请看一下这个 SO 线程,了解它是如何完成的: "Press and hold" button on Android needs to change states (custom XML selector) using onTouchListener

2。有时显示有时不显示

这不应该发生,尤其是如果您正确处理了所有相关的触摸事件情况。您将希望在用户按下按钮时显示弹出窗口,并在用户移出按钮(通过向外滑动或将手指离开屏幕)时隐藏弹出窗口。

请尝试以下代码示例:

button.setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() {
    @Override
    public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
        switch (event.getActionMasked()) {
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
                v.setPressed(true);
                showPopupWindow(...);
                break;
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_OUTSIDE:
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:
                v.setPressed(false);
                hidePopupWindow(...);
                break;
        }
        return true;
    }
});
  • 注意使用 getActionMasked 而不是 getAction 来更好地处理多点触控。
  • 注意 v.setPressed(...); - 这将更新按钮状态。
  • 注意隐藏弹出窗口的不同情况。