在 Geb Framework 中进行运行 Cucumber BDD 测试时 Given 标记未识别的功能 (Groovy)

Question

我正在尝试使用 Geb Framework 和 Cucumber 执行 Web 应用程序的自动化测试。但是，在运行我的第一个测试中，当程序到达 'Given' 标记时，我偶然发现了 NullPointerException。我在 Internet 上搜索了线索，但没有找到答案。我还参考了 Geb 和 Cucumber 文档，并在使用 Cucumber 时发现了许多 'good practice' 的示例，但是我尝试将我的代码调整到的每个代码示例和运行都在同一个空指针中结束异常。

我的代码的重要摘录如下：

test.groovy

import geb.Browser
import org.openqa.selenium.Keys

import static cucumber.api.groovy.EN.*

browser = new Browser()
browser.go "/"


Given(~'Home page is opened') {
    browser.to HomePage
    assert browser.at(HomePage)
}

When(~'Add offer button is clicked') {
    HomePage.addOfferLink
}

[...]

GebConfig.groovy

import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver

/**
 * Created by apoteralowicz on 2015-08-24.
 */

def newDriver
    driver =
    {
        newDriver = new ChromeDriver();
        newDriver.manage().window().maximize();
        return newDriver;
    }
System.setProperty('webdriver.chrome.driver', 'src/binary/chromedriver.exe')

HomePage.groovy

import geb.Page

/**
 * Created by apoteralowicz on 2015-08-24.
 */
class HomePage extends Page {
    static url = "/";
    static at = { waitFor { title.contains('Home') } };
    static content = {

    /*Menu tab links*/
    HomeLink(to: HomePage) {
        $('.menuBarNav').find('a[href="/"]')
    };
    IntercityLink(to: IntercityPage) {
        $('.menuBarNav').find('a[href="/LiftOffer/CityOffers/0?pageSize=5"]')
    };
    EntriesLink(to: EntriesPage) {
        $('.menuBarNav').find('a[href="/LiftOffer/MyEntriesOffers/1?pageSize=5"]')
    };

    CreateDropdownButton(to: '#') {
        $('#createButton')
    };
    addOfferLink(to: AddOfferPage) {
        $('.dropdown-menu').find('a[href="/LiftOffer/Create/1"]')
    };
    addRequestLink(to: AddRequestPage) {
        $('.dropdown-menu').find('a[href="/LiftOffer/Create/2"]')
    };

    SearchLink(to: SearchOffersPage) {
        $('.menuBarNav').find('a[href="/LiftOffer/Search?type=1&pageSize=5"]')
    };
    MessageboxLink(to: MailboxPage) {
        $('.menuBarNav').find('a[href="/LiftOffer/MessageBox"]')
    };

    /*Additional Buttons*/
    ShowOffersButton(to: SearchOffersPage) {
        $('a[href="/LiftOffer/Search/?type=1"]')
    };
    ShowRequestsButton(to: SearchRequestsPage) {
        $('a[href="/LiftOffer/Search/?type=2"]')
    };
    }
}

testScript.feature

Feature: new lift offer creation
  As an user
  I want to create a lift offer for people
  So that I could inform people that I am going somewhere and I have free seats available

  Scenario:
    Given Home page is opened
    When Add Offer button is clicked
    Then User can input some data into the Create New Lift Offer form
    And User can save the offer

确切错误

Starting ChromeDriver (v2.11.298604 (75ea2fdb5c87f133a8e1b8da16f6091fb7d5321e)) on port 40529
Only local connections are allowed.
Caught: java.lang.NullPointerException
java.lang.NullPointerException
    at cucumber.api.groovy.EN.Given(EN.java:27)
    at cucumber.api.groovy.EN$Given.callStatic(Unknown Source)
    at testScript1.run(testScript1.groovy:15)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:140)

Process finished with exit code 1

综上所述，我认为问题是不知何故 Given 特征没有被正确识别，但我不知道为什么，所以我来这里问。

Answer 1

我现在知道我应该在运行测试中添加一个单独的 class。

import cucumber.api.CucumberOptions
import cucumber.api.junit.Cucumber
import org.junit.runner.RunWith

@RunWith(Cucumber.class)
@CucumberOptions(features = "src", format = ["pretty", "html:build/reports/tests/cucumber/html", "json:build/reports/tests/cucumber.json"])
class RunTests {
}

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