Python JSON to CSV - bad encoding, UnicodeDecodeError: 'charmap' codec can't decode byte

Question

我在将嵌套 JSON 转换为 CSV 时遇到问题。为此，我使用 https://github.com/vinay20045/json-to-csv（分叉一点以支持 python 3.4），这里是完整的 json-to-csv.py 文件。如果我设置

，转换工作正常

    #Base Condition
else:
    reduced_item[str(key)] = (str(value)).encode('utf8','ignore')

和

fp = open(json_file_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8')

但是当我将 csv 导入 MS Excel 时，我看到了错误的西里尔字符，例如 \xe0\xf1，英文文本是可以的。尝试设置 encode('cp1251','ignore') 但后来出现错误 UnicodeDecodeError：'charmap' 编解码器无法解码位置 Y 中的字节 X：字符映射到（如此处 UnicodeDecodeError: 'charmap' codec can't decode byte X in position Y: character maps to <undefined>）

import sys
import json
import csv

##
# This function converts an item like 
# {
#   "item_1":"value_11",
#   "item_2":"value_12",
#   "item_3":"value_13",
#   "item_4":["sub_value_14", "sub_value_15"],
#   "item_5":{
#       "sub_item_1":"sub_item_value_11",
#       "sub_item_2":["sub_item_value_12", "sub_item_value_13"]
#   }
# }
# To
# {
#   "node_item_1":"value_11",
#   "node_item_2":"value_12",
#   "node_item_3":"value_13",
#   "node_item_4_0":"sub_value_14", 
#   "node_item_4_1":"sub_value_15",
#   "node_item_5_sub_item_1":"sub_item_value_11",
#   "node_item_5_sub_item_2_0":"sub_item_value_12",
#   "node_item_5_sub_item_2_0":"sub_item_value_13"
# }
##
def reduce_item(key, value):
    global reduced_item

    #Reduction Condition 1
    if type(value) is list:
        i=0
        for sub_item in value:
            reduce_item(key+'_'+str(i), sub_item)
            i=i+1

    #Reduction Condition 2
    elif type(value) is dict:
        sub_keys = value.keys()
        for sub_key in sub_keys:
            reduce_item(key+'_'+str(sub_key), value[sub_key])

    #Base Condition
    else:
        reduced_item[str(key)] = (str(value)).encode('cp1251','ignore')


if __name__ == "__main__":
    if len(sys.argv) != 4:
        print("\nUsage: python json_to_csv.py <node_name> <json_in_file_path> <csv_out_file_path>\n")
    else:
        #Reading arguments
        node = sys.argv[1]
        json_file_path = sys.argv[2]
        csv_file_path = sys.argv[3]

        fp = open(json_file_path, 'r', encoding='cp1251')
        json_value = fp.read()
        raw_data = json.loads(json_value)

        processed_data = []
        header = []
        for item in raw_data[node]:
            reduced_item = {}
            reduce_item(node, item)

            header += reduced_item.keys()

            processed_data.append(reduced_item)

        header = list(set(header))
        header.sort()

        with open(csv_file_path, 'wt+') as f:#wb+ for python 2.7
            writer = csv.DictWriter(f, header, quoting=csv.QUOTE_ALL, delimiter=',')
            writer.writeheader()
            for row in processed_data:
                writer.writerow(row)

        print("Just completed writing csv file with %d columns" % len(header))

如何正确转换西里尔字母以及我想跳过坏字符？

Answer 1

您需要知道您要打开哪个文件的 cyrylic 编码。例如，在 python3:

中就足够了

with open(args.input_file, 'r', encoding="cp866") as input_file:
        data = input_file.read()
        structure = json.loads(data)

在python3中数据变量自动为utf-8。在 python2 中，向 json 提供输入可能有问题。

也尝试在python解释行中打印出来，看看符号是否正确。没有输入文件很难判断是否一切正确。另外您确定这是 python 而不是 excel 相关的问题吗？您是否尝试过在 notepad++ 或类似的编辑器编码中打开？

使用编码最重要的事情是检查输入和输出是否正确。我建议看这里。

Answer 2

也许您可以使用 chardet 来检测文件的编码。

import chardet

File='arq.GeoJson'
enc=chardet.detect(open(File,'rb').read())['encoding']
with open(File,'r', encoding = enc) as f:
    data=json.load(f)
    f.close()

这避免了 'to kick' 编码。

Python JSON to CSV - bad encoding, UnicodeDecodeError: 'charmap' codec can't decode byte

Python JSON to CSV - bad encoding, UnicodeDecodeError: 'charmap' codec can't decode byte

python

json

csv

unicode

cyrillic