自动删除发送到异步的容器functions/io_service

Question

我想使用 unordered_map 作为作业或会话上下文对象。所以，我想在一些函数中分配它与函数对象中的静态函数捆绑在一起，并将这个函数对象发送到 io_service。显然，我不担心取消分配它。

关于如何做到这一点有什么想法吗？

谢谢！

#include <iostream>
#include <unordered_map>
#include "boost/asio.hpp"
#include "boost/thread.hpp"

using namespace std;
namespace asio = boost::asio;

typedef std::unique_ptr<asio::io_service::work> work_ptr;
typedef boost::function<void(void) > boost_void_void_fun;

class job_processor {
public:

    job_processor(int threads) : thread_count(threads) {
        service = new asio::io_service();
        work = new work_ptr(new asio::io_service::work(*(service)));
        for (int i = 0; i < this->thread_count; ++i)
            workers.create_thread(boost::bind(&asio::io_service::run, service));
    }

    void post_task(boost_void_void_fun job) {
        this->service->post(job);
    }

    void drain() {
        this->work->reset();
    }

    void wait() {
        this->workers.join_all();
    }
private:
    int thread_count;
    work_ptr * work;
    asio::io_service* service;
    boost::thread_group workers;
};

typedef std::unordered_map<string, unsigned long> map_t;

class with_static_function {
public:

    static void print_map(map_t map) {
        for(map_t::iterator it = map.begin(); it != map.end(); ++it)
            std::cout << it->first << ":" << it->second << std::endl;
    }

    static void print__heap_map(map_t* map) {
        if(!map) return;
        for(map_t::iterator it = map->begin(); it != map->end(); ++it)
            std::cout << it->first << ":" << it->second << std::endl;
    }    
};

int main(int argc, char** argv) {
    map_t words;
    words["one"] = 1;

    // pass the reference;
    with_static_function::print_map(words);
    job_processor *pr = new job_processor(4);
    {
        map_t* heap_map = new map_t;
        (*heap_map)["two"] = 2;
        // I need this variable to the job_processor;
        // and I do not want to worry about deallocation.
        // should happen automatically somehow.
        // I am ok with changing the variable to be a shared_ptr or
        // anything else that works.    
        boost_void_void_fun fun = boost::bind(
                &with_static_function::print__heap_map,
                heap_map);
        fun(); // if binding was done right this should have worked.
        pr->post_task(fun);
    }

    pr->drain();
    pr->wait();

    delete pr;

    return 0;
}

Answer 1

一些观察：

停止模拟 Java。不要使用 new 除非你正在实现一个所有权原语（智能 handle/pointer 类型）。具体来说，只需创建一个 pr:
```
job_processor pr(4);
```
Same goes for all the members of job_processor (you were leaking everything, and if job_processor were copied, you'd get double-free Undefined Behaviour

代码

// pass the reference;
with_static_function::print_map(words);

按值传递...意味着复制整个地图

为了避免复制，修复 print_map 签名：

static void print_map(map_t const& map) {
    for(map_t::const_iterator it = map.begin(); it != map.end(); ++it)
        std::cout << it->first << ":" << it->second << std::endl;
}

当然可以考虑只写

static void print_map(map_t const& map) {
    for(auto& e : map)
        std::cout << e.first << ":" << e.second << "\n";
}

"heap" 过载可能是，正如我的措辞所暗示的那样，过载。请务必删除无用的重复代码 (!):
```
static void print_map(map_t const* map) {
    if (map) print_map(*map);
}
```

你甚至不需要那个重载，因为你可以简单地使用 lambda 来绑定（而不是 boost::bind）：

auto heap_map = boost::make_shared<map_t>();
heap_map->insert({{"two", 2}, {"three", 3}});

boost_void_void_fun fun = [heap_map] { with_static_function::print_map(*heap_map); };

完整的工作程序：

Live On Coliru

#include <iostream>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <boost/asio.hpp>
#include <boost/make_shared.hpp>
#include <boost/thread.hpp>
#include <boost/function.hpp>
#include <boost/bind.hpp>

namespace asio = boost::asio;

typedef boost::function<void(void)> boost_void_void_fun;

class job_processor {
public:

    job_processor(int threads) : service(), work(boost::asio::io_service::work(service))
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < threads; ++i)
            workers.create_thread(boost::bind(&asio::io_service::run, &service));
    }

    void post_task(boost_void_void_fun job) {
        service.post(job);
    }

    void drain() {
        work.reset();
    }

    void wait() {
        workers.join_all();
    }
private:
    asio::io_service service;
    boost::optional<asio::io_service::work> work;
    boost::thread_group workers;
};

typedef std::unordered_map<std::string, unsigned long> map_t;

namespace with_static_function {
    static void print_map(map_t const& map) {
        for(auto& e : map)
            std::cout << e.first << ":" << e.second << "\n";
    }
}

int main() {
    // pass the reference;
    with_static_function::print_map({ { "one", 1 } });

    job_processor pr(4);
    {
        auto heap_map = boost::make_shared<map_t>();
        heap_map->insert({{"two", 2}, {"three", 3}});

        boost_void_void_fun fun = [heap_map] { with_static_function::print_map(*heap_map); };
        pr.post_task(fun);
    }

    pr.drain();
    pr.wait();
}

版画

one:1
three:3
two:2

自动删除发送到异步的容器functions/io_service

Automatically delete containers sent to asynchronous functions/io_service

c++

boost

pointers

boost-bind

shared-ptr