如何添加商标符号

Question

我正在尝试向 HTML 文档中 "Imagination Playground" 的所有实例添加商标符号。但是我最终得到这样的结果：

&lt;i class="fa fa-trademark"&gt;&lt;/i&gt;

我使用的符号似乎已转换为 HTML 个字符。我该如何逃脱？

这是我原来的Ruby代码：

body = "<p>Whether you want to build a playground, make play a priority in your community, or learn more about Imagination Playground , we've got webinars for you in March!</p>
  <p>As always, all our webinars are FREE. All you need to participate is a phone and a computer with an Internet connection.</p>"
new_body = Nokogiri::HTML(body)
new_body.encoding = 'UTF-8'
new_body.css('p','a').each{ |p|
p.content =  p.content.gsub(/Imagination Playground\s/,'Imagination Playground<i class="fa fa-trademark"></i>');
puts new_body

这就是我得到的：

<p>Whether you want to build a playground, make play a priority in your community, or learn more about Imagination Playground&lt;i class="fa fa-trademark"&gt;&lt;/i&gt;, we've got webinars for you in March!</p>
<p>As always, all our webinars are FREE. All you need to participate is a phone and a computer with an Internet connection.</p>

如何替换 HTML 段落并转义符号和特殊字符？

Answer 1

这是我的做法：

require 'nokogiri'

doc = Nokogiri::HTML(<<EOT)
<p>Whether you want to build a playground, make play a priority in your community, or learn more about Imagination Playground , we've got webinars for you in March!</p>
<p>As always, all our webinars are FREE. All you need to participate is a phone and a computer with an Internet connection.</p>
EOT

doc.encoding = 'UTF-8'
doc.css('p').each do |p|
  p.children = p.content.gsub(/Imagination Playground\s/, 'Imagination Playground<i class="fa fa-trademark"></i>')
end
puts doc

这导致：

# >> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd">
# >> <html><body>
# >> <p>Whether you want to build a playground, make play a priority in your community, or learn more about Imagination Playground<i class="fa fa-trademark"></i>, we've got webinars for you in March!</p>
# >> <p>As always, all our webinars are FREE. All you need to participate is a phone and a computer with an Internet connection.</p>
# >> </body></html>

Nokogiri 很聪明。当它看到 children= 时，它会查看是否正在接收字符串。如果是这样，它会解析该字符串并将其转换为一个节点，然后用新节点替换现有的子节点。这与使用 content= 有很大的不同，Nokogiri 知道它应该是文本，然后将嵌入的标签编码为 <，等等。这在文档中有介绍。

对于children=:

Set the inner html for this Node node_or_tags node_or_tags can be a Nokogiri::XML::Node, a Nokogiri::XML::DocumentFragment, or a string containing markup.

对于content=:

Set the Node's content to a Text node containing string. The string gets XML escaped, not interpreted as markup.

this would not work if i want to conserve the html tags that are inside the paragraph, try to do that for <p>fsome test and then <b>bold</b></p>

您正在更改要求。不要那样做。请具体说明您的需求，以便我们一次性回答真正的问题。

需要一个小改动来获取所需标签的内容。使用 children.to_html 获取嵌入节点的 HTML 字符串，然后 gsub 它并使用其结果：

require 'nokogiri'

doc = Nokogiri::HTML('<p>Imagination Playground<b>foo</b></p>')
puts doc.to_html

开始时看起来像这样：

# >> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd">
# >> <html><body><p>Imagination Playground<b>foo</b></p></body></html>

修改DOM:

doc.search('p').each do |p|
  p.children = p.children.to_html.gsub(/Imagination Playground\s?/, 'Imagination Playground<i class="fa fa-trademark"></i>')
end
puts doc

现在看起来像：

# >> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd">
# >> <html><body><p>Imagination Playground<i class="fa fa-trademark"></i><b>foo</b></p></body></html>

注意我使用的是 search 而不是 css。使用通用方法而不是更具体的方法。如果需要，它可以更轻松地切换到 XPaths。

此外，我在 gsub 中使用了一种更智能的模式，以有条件地获取单个尾随空格（如果可用）。使用 HTML 执行此操作不是必需的，因为浏览器会吞噬空白，但如果您处理的是常规文本文档或预格式化文本，这将是正确的方法。

而且，关于 Nokogiri 看到的更多细节：

doc.search('p').first 
# => #(Element:0x3fd222462204 {
#      name = "p",
#      children = [
#        #(Text "Imagination Playground"),
#        #(Element:0x3fd2224608f0 { name = "b", children = [ #(Text "foo")] })]
#      })
doc.search('p').first.children 
# => [#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fd222461688 "Imagination Playground">, #<Nokogiri::XML::Element:0x3fd2224608f0 name="b" children=[#<Nokogiri::XML::Text:0x3fd22245fe64 "foo">]>]

如何添加商标符号

How to add trademark symbols

ruby

nokogiri