解密 TLS 1.2 AES-GCM 数据包

decrypt TLS 1.2 AES-GCM packet

我正在开发一个 Java 程序来解密使用 TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 密码的 TLS 1.2 会话。我使用 wireshark 录制了一个测试会话。 Master Secret 已知。

No.     Time           Protocol Length Info
      4 0.000124000    TLSv1.2  166    Client Hello
      6 0.000202000    TLSv1.2  1074   Server Hello, Certificate, Server Hello Done
      8 0.001071000    TLSv1.2  393    Client Key Exchange, Change Cipher Spec, Finished
      9 0.003714000    TLSv1.2  301    New Session Ticket, Change Cipher Spec, Finished
     11 6.443056000    TLSv1.2  116    Application Data
     12 6.443245000    TLSv1.2  765    Application Data
     15 6.443390000    TLSv1.2  103    Alert (Level: Warning, Description: Close Notify)

Packet 11 包含我正在尝试解密的 HTTP GET Request

握手数据:

Cipher:        TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
Client Random: 375f5632ba9075b88dd83eeeed4adb427d4011298efb79fb2bf78f4a4b7d9d95
Server Random: 5a1b3957e3bd1644e7083e25c64f137ed2803b680e43395a82e5b302b64ba763    
Master Secret: 2FB179AB70CD4CA2C1285B4B1E294F8F44B7E8DA26B62D00EE35181575EAB04C
           4FA11C0DA3ABABB4AF8D09ACB4CCC3CD

数据包 11 数据:

Direction is Client -> Server.
Secure Sockets Layer
    TLSv1.2 Record Layer: Application Data Protocol: Application Data
    Content Type: Application Data (23)
    Version: TLS 1.2 (0x0303)
    Length: 45
    Encrypted Application Data: c91de005e2ae50a8a57abee55c183667b136343feef4a387cb7cf83030a47e230af268378c4f33c8b5bab3d26d

到目前为止我做了什么:

密钥派生:

我这里只需要客户端密钥,因为我想解密一个客户端->服务器包。我根据 RFC 扩展了服务器和客户端密钥和 IV。 Client Write Key: 4B119DFBFC930ABE130030BD53C3BF78 Client Write IV: 2029CAE2

随机数:

我从盐(=客户端写入 IV)和显式随机数(=加密数据的前 8 字节)创建 AES-GCM 随机数。 Salt: 2029CAE2 explicitNonce: C91DE005E2AE50A8 Nonce: 2029CAE2C91DE005E2AE50A8

附加身份验证数据 (AAD):

这显然是我卡住了的地方。 RFC5246 说:

additional_data = seq_num + TLSCompressed.type + TLSCompressed.version + TLSCompressed.length; where "+" denotes concatenation.

所以我做了这个:

byte[] aad = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,   // seq_no uint64
    0x17,               // type 0x17 = Application Data
    0x03, 0x03,             //  TLS Version 1.2
    0, 45};             // 45 Bytes of encrypted data

我认为 seq_no 是 1。当发送 Change Cipher Spec 记录时,它会重置为零。 (Packet #8) 那么加密的Finished记录有seq_no = 0。下一个客户端数据包是我们的 Packet #11seq_no = 1.

代码:

现在我将所有内容都输入 BouncyCastle:

AEADParameters parameters = new AEADParameters(new KeyParameter(clientWriteKey), 128, nonce, aad);
GCMBlockCipher gcmBlockCipher = new GCMBlockCipher(new AESFastEngine());
gcmBlockCipher.init(false, parameters);
byte[] plainText = new byte[gcmBlockCipher.getOutputSize(cipherText.length)];
try {
    int decLen = gcmBlockCipher.processBytes(cipherText, 0, cipherText.length, plainText, 0);
    decLen += gcmBlockCipher.doFinal(plainText, decLen);
} catch (InvalidCipherTextException e) {
    System.out.println("MAC failed: " + e.getMessage());
}

这总是抛出 MAC 失败:mac 签入 GCM 失败但是解密输出是正确的:

byte[] decomp = decompress(plainText);
System.out.println(new String(decomp, "UTF-8"));

这会打印出 GET / HTTP/1.0\n.

解压助手:

public static byte[] decompress(byte[] data) throws IOException, DataFormatException {
    Inflater inflater = new Inflater(true);
    inflater.setInput(data);

    ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream(data.length);
    byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
    while (inflater.getRemaining() > 0) {
        int count = inflater.inflate(buffer);
        outputStream.write(buffer, 0, count);
    }
    outputStream.close();
    byte[] output = outputStream.toByteArray();

    inflater.end();
    return output;
    }

结论: 由于解密的输出是正确的,我可以放心地假设密钥推导和解密工作正常。只有身份验证失败。所以我想也许我对附加身份验证数据 (AAD) 做错了什么。 所以这个问题归结为:

如何正确组装附加验证数据 (AAD)?

谢谢!

GCM 模式根据消息、关联数据和 public 随机数计算 MAC,您讲得很好。

我认为你使用了错误的长度,它应该是加密和附加之前的明文长度MAC。尝试 45 - 8(显式随机数)- 16 (MAC) = 21.