如何获得字母输入以匹配另一个字母输入的长度?

How can I get an alphabetic input to match another alphabetic input in length?

我需要让用户输入的关键字与用户输入的消息长度相同,例如:

keyword = "gcse"  # the keyword input
message = "python" # the message input
newkeywordshouldbe = "gcsegc"

这看起来很简单,但我一直无法弄清楚如何完成它。想法?

尝试以下操作:

keyword = "gcse"
message = "python"
newkeywordshouldbe = "gcsegc"

keywordLen = len(keyword)
messageLen = len(message)

if keywordLen == messageLen:
    newkeyword = keyword
elif keywordLen > messageLen:
    newkeyword = keyword[:messageLen]
elif keywordLen < messageLen:
    # Use keyword in its entirety as many times as possible to match
    # message's length; then match the rest of message's length with
    # as many of keyword's characters as needed.
    newkeyword = ''.join(keyword * (messageLen / keywordLen)) + \
        keyword[:messageLen - keywordLen]

print newkeyword

您可以在相关 Ideone demo 中 运行 上面的代码。

此外,您可以从更少中榨取更多,使解决方案更多Pythonic (e.g. like );但是这个非常清楚传达了给定三种逻辑可能性的逻辑:

  • keywordmessage长度相同
  • keywordmessage.
  • keywordmessage.

即使采用更 Pythonic 的解决方案,理解底层逻辑当然也很重要。

另一个解决方案是像这样使用 cycle 函数:

from itertools import cycle

keyword = "gcse"
message = "python"
iterator = cycle(keyword)

newkeywordshouldbe = ''.join(iterator.next() for i in range(len(message)))

使用模运算 (%) 和数组索引。

keyword = 'gcse'
message = 'python'
n, m = len(keyword), len(message)
print ''.join( [ keyword[ i % n ]  for i in range(m) ] )

以下交互式 Python 会话(keywordmessagenm 已声明和初始化)说明:

>>> range(m)
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
>>> [i % n for i in range(m)]
[0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 1]
>>> [keyword[i % n] for i in range(m)]
['g', 's', 'c', 'e', 'g', 's']

另一种方法是:

import math
new_word = (math.ceil(len(message) / len(keyword)) * keyword)[:len(message)]