为什么在此 spring 应用程序的过滤器中自动装配的 bean 为空？

Question

我已经简化了我们的生产应用程序以重现错误。

这是一个用于计算传入请求计数的演示应用程序。

当我调试项目时，我可以看到 Null Pointer Exception 被抛出 manager.incrementRequestCounter(url) 行 CounterMetricsFilter class 如下所示。那是因为我的经理 autowired 是 NULL。

但是，CounterController 中的同一经理 autowired 不为空。我通过调试器确认了这一点。

这里有什么问题？ filters 不能是 beans 吗？如果不在 Spring MVC 应用程序中使用 web.xml，我怎样才能让它工作。

谢谢

Controller

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/counter")
public class CounterController {

@Autowired
CounterManager manager;

 @RequestMapping(value = "/counterMetrics", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    @ResponseBody
    public Map getFeatureStatus(final HttpServletResponse response) {
        System.out.println("returning feautre status");
        return manager.getQueryCounts();
    }
}

Manager

@Service
public class CounterManager {

private Map<String,Integer> queryCounts =
            new ConcurrentHashMap<String,Integer>(1000);

int threshold;
long timestamp;

 @Autowired
  public CounterManager(@Value("${healthThreshold: 10}")
                                 int threshold) {
      this.threshold = threshold * MEGABYTES;
      this.timestamp = System.currentTimeMillis();
  }


 public void incrementRequestCounter(String urlPath){
     Integer oldVal, newVal;
     do {
       oldVal = queryCounts.get(model);
       newVal = (oldVal == null) ? 1 : (oldVal + 1);
     } while (!queryCounts.replace(model, oldVal, newVal));
 }

public Map<StatusUrlModel, Integer> getQueryCounts() {
    return queryCounts;
}

}

Filter

@Order(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE)
@Component
public class CounterMetricsFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {

    @Autowired
    CounterManager manager;

    public CounterMetricsFilter(){

    }


    @Override
    protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws ServletException,
            IOException {
        String path = new UrlPathHelper().getPathWithinApplication(request);
        try {
            chain.doFilter(request, response);
        }
        finally {
            recordMetrics(request, path);
        }
    }

   private void recordMetrics(String path) {
        try {
        manager.incrementRequestCounter(url);
        }
        catch (Exception ex){
            System.out.println("exception is thrown " + ex.getCause());
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

更新:

在控制台上打印以下内容：

exception is thrown null（来自上面的 CounterMetricsFilter）。堆栈跟踪：

java.lang.NullPointerException
    at com.myapp.filter.CounterMetricsFilter.recordMetrics(CounterMetricsFilter.java:81)
    at com.myapp.filter.CounterMetricsFilter.doFilterInternal(CounterMetricsFilter.java:63)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:108)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:243)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210)
    at com.myapp.filter.RequestWrapperFilter.doFilter(RequestWrapperFilter.java:24)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:243)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210)
    at com.myapp.filter.GCCORSFilter.doFilter(GCCORSFilter.java:37)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:243)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:222)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:123)
    at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:502)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:171)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:99)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:953)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:118)
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:408)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1023)
    at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:589)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:310)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

Answer 1

我认为您需要删除默认构造函数，只保留具有 @Autowired 依赖性的构造函数。否则 @Component 可能是使用默认构造函数创建的，并且依赖项不是 @Autowired.

即只需删除这段代码：

public CounterMetricsFilter(){

}

Answer 2

过滤器由 servlet 容器实例化，因此 @Autowired 没有用。

您可以使用 DelegatingFilterProxy 让 Spring 实例化过滤器：

<filter>
  <filter-name>counterMetricsFilter</filter-name>
  <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
</filter>

为什么在此 spring 应用程序的过滤器中自动装配的 bean 为空？

why is autowired bean null in filter in this spring application?

spring

spring-mvc

autowired

servlet-filters