drawRect() 在某些颜色上无法正常工作

drawRect() isn't working properly on certain colors

我总是用这样的轮廓创建矩形(使用 Graphics(2D)):

g.setColor(aColor);
g.fillRect(x, y, width, height);
g.setColor(anotherColor);
g.drawRect(x, y, width, height);

这很好用,除了某些颜色,如 Color.BLUE。有粗细不同的线:

第一眼可能看不出来,仔细看就会发现左边的线太粗了,右边的线太细了。其他颜色也会发生这种情况,只是不那么明显:(我仍然不确定青色是否会发生这种情况,无法准确判断)

我无法理解这一点,因为黑线只是被绘制到内部蓝色矩形上,内部矩形不应该对其产生影响。 (没有 fillRect() 线条粗细均匀)

我在下面提供了一个示例,它可能会帮助您更好地了解差异。我的问题:为什么某些 RGB 颜色会发生这种情况,我该如何解决?

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.GridLayout;
import java.awt.event.ItemEvent;
import java.awt.event.ItemListener;
import java.util.HashMap;

import javax.swing.JComboBox;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JToggleButton;
import javax.swing.WindowConstants;

public class LineExample {

    Color colors[] = new Color[] { Color.BLACK, Color.BLUE, Color.CYAN, Color.DARK_GRAY, Color.GRAY, Color.GREEN,
            Color.LIGHT_GRAY, Color.MAGENTA, Color.ORANGE, Color.PINK, Color.RED, Color.WHITE, Color.YELLOW };
    String colorNames[] = new String[] { "Black", "Blue", "Cyan", "Dark Gray", "Gray", "Green", "Light Gray", "Magenta",
            "Orange", "Pink", "Red", "White", "Yellow" };
    HashMap<String, Color> hashMap = new HashMap<String, Color>();
    Color currentColor = colors[2];

    public LineExample() {

        fillHashMap(hashMap);

        JFrame frame = new JFrame();

        JPanel mainPanel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
        JPanel northPanel = new JPanel(new FlowLayout());
        JPanel centerPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 2));
        CustomPanel customPanel = new CustomPanel();
        BluePanel bluePanel = new BluePanel();

        JComboBox<String> comboBox = new JComboBox<String>();
        addItems(comboBox);
        comboBox.addItemListener(new ItemListener() {
            @Override
            public void itemStateChanged(ItemEvent e) {
                currentColor = hashMap.get(comboBox.getSelectedItem());
                centerPanel.repaint();
            }
        });

        JToggleButton toggleButton = new JToggleButton("Switch");
        toggleButton.addItemListener(new ItemListener() {
            @Override
            public void itemStateChanged(ItemEvent e) {
                centerPanel.removeAll();
                if (e.getStateChange() == ItemEvent.SELECTED) {
                    centerPanel.add(bluePanel);
                    centerPanel.add(customPanel);
                } else if (e.getStateChange() == ItemEvent.DESELECTED) {
                    centerPanel.add(customPanel);
                    centerPanel.add(bluePanel);
                }
                centerPanel.revalidate();
                centerPanel.repaint();
            }
        });

        northPanel.add(comboBox);
        northPanel.add(toggleButton);
        centerPanel.add(customPanel);
        centerPanel.add(bluePanel);
        mainPanel.add(northPanel, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        mainPanel.add(centerPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        frame.setContentPane(mainPanel);

        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        frame.setSize(250, 250);
        frame.setVisible(true);

    }

    public void addItems(JComboBox<String> comboBox) {
        for (int i = 0; i < colors.length; i++) {
            comboBox.addItem(colorNames[i]);
        }
        comboBox.setSelectedIndex(2);
    }

    public void fillHashMap(HashMap<String, Color> hashmap) {
        for (int i = 0; i < colors.length; i++) {
            hashMap.put(colorNames[i], colors[i]);
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                new LineExample();
            }
        });
    }

    public class BluePanel extends JPanel {
        @Override
        public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
            super.paintComponent(g);
            int width = 100;
            int height = 100;
            int x = ((this.getWidth() - width) / 2);
            int y = ((this.getHeight() - height) / 2);
            g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
            g.fillRect(x, y, width, height);
            g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
            g.drawRect(x, y, width, height);
        }
    }

    public class CustomPanel extends JPanel {
        @Override
        public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
            super.paintComponent(g);
            int width = 100;
            int height = 100;
            int x = ((this.getWidth() - width) / 2);
            int y = ((this.getHeight() - height) / 2);
            g.setColor(currentColor);
            g.fillRect(x, y, width, height);
            g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
            g.drawRect(x, y, width, height);
        }
    }

}

可能与antialiasing有关?当我遇到这类问题时,我通常会做类似...

Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)g;
g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);

// draw stuff

g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_DEFAULT);

这是一个有趣的问题,由于 LCD 显示器中的子像素排列而出现。我用 phone 拍了一些显示器的照片来解释这种效果。

首先我们看左边。这条线看起来大约有 2 个像素粗。这是因为在线路上从左到右是黑色到蓝色的过渡。由于红色和绿色像素不能被蓝色照亮,我们必须等到线应该结束后的 下一个 蓝色子像素。

然后我们看右边。这条线大约有 1 个像素粗。这次是从黑到白的过渡,所以红色和绿色像素可以在线条之后立即点亮。

出现此问题是因为 Java 图形库不支持子像素(至少对于形状)。对于每台显示器上的某种颜色组合,您总会遇到这个问题。红绿蓝原色最为明显,这就是为什么在您的青色示例中很难分辨的原因。