如何在 Powershell 中计算 X 个工作日？

Question

任何人都可以帮助我使用 powershell 脚本，该脚本可以从当前日期倒退 X 个工作日吗？该脚本应询问要倒退多少个工作日，输出将是某种倒退日期。

示例：我想知道我需要倒退多少个日历日才能获得 20 个工作日。所以我将输入数字 20，输出将是 12/31/2014。因此，为了获得 20 个工作日，我需要从 2014 年 12 月 31 日开始计算（今天和 12 月 31 日之间有一天假期 (01/01/2015)。）工作日为周一至周五，美国法定节假日除外。

我发现了很多类似的代码来计算两天之间的天数，比如这个 http://powershell.com/cs/blogs/tips/archive/2014/07/07/finding-dates-between-two-dates.aspx

或者这个 http://www.integrationtrench.com/2014/05/counting-days-with-powershell.html

但没有代码完全符合我的需要。

感谢您的帮助。

威乐

这是我要修改的代码...

$startdate = (Get-Date).date
$enddate = Get-Date -Date '2014-12-20'

$New_Years_Day2014 = Get-Date -Date '2014-01-01'
$Martin_Luther_King2014 = Get-Date -Date '2014-01-20'
$Washingtons_Birthday2014 = Get-Date -Date '2014-02-17'
$Good_Friday2014 = Get-Date -Date '2014-04-18'
$Memorial_Day2014 = Get-Date -Date '2014-05-26'
$Independence_Day2014 = Get-Date -Date '2014-07-04'
$Labor_Day2014 = Get-Date -Date '2014-09-01'
$Thanksgiving_Day2014 = Get-Date -Date '2014-11-27'
$Christmas2014 = Get-Date -Date '2014-12-25'
$New_Years_Day2015 = Get-Date -Date '2015-01-01'
$Martin_Luther_King2015 = Get-Date -Date '2015-01-19'
$Washingtons_Birthday2015 = Get-Date -Date '2015-02-16'
$Good_Friday2015 = Get-Date -Date '2015-04-03'
$Memorial_Day2015 = Get-Date -Date '2015-05-25'
$Independence_Day2015 = Get-Date -Date '2015-07-03'
$Labor_Day2015 = Get-Date -Date '2015-09-07'
$Thanksgiving_Day2015 = Get-Date -Date '2015-11-26'
$Christmas2015 = Get-Date -Date '2015-12-25'

 $difference = New-TimeSpan -Start $startdate -End $enddate
 "Days in all: " + $difference.Days

 $days = [Math]::Ceiling($difference.TotalDays)+1

 $workdays = 0..$days | ForEach-Object {
 $startdate
 $startdate = $startdate.AddDays(1)
 } |
 Where-Object { $_.DayOfWeek -gt 0 -and $_.DayOfWeek -lt 6 -and  $startdate -ne $New_Years_Day2014 -and $startdate -ne $Martin_Luther_King2014 -and $startdate -ne $Washingtons_Birthday2014 -and $startdate -ne $Good_Friday2014 -and $startdate -ne $Memorial_Day2014 -and $startdate -ne $Independence_Day2014 -and $startdate -ne $Labor_Day2014 -and $startdate -ne $Thanksgiving_Day2014 -and $startdate -ne $Christmas2014 -and  $startdate -ne $New_Years_Day2015 -and $startdate -ne $Martin_Luther_King2015 -and $startdate -ne $Washingtons_Birthday2015 -and $startdate -ne $Good_Friday2015 -and $startdate -ne $Memorial_Day2015 -and $startdate -ne $Independence_Day2015 -and $startdate -ne $Labor_Day2015 -and $startdate -ne $Thanksgiving_Day2015 -and $startdate -ne $Christmas2015} |
 Measure-Object |
 Select-Object -ExpandProperty Count

 "Workdays: $workdays"

Answer 1

这个函数有两个值。第一个是您要查找日期匹配之前的工作日数。第二个是可选的，将允许您指定开始日期。如果省略，则使用今天的日期。

Function Get-WorkingDay{
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$True,Position=1)]
        [int]$maxWorkingDays,
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$False,Position=2)]
        [datetime]$startDate = (Get-Date).Date
    )

    $holidays = @(
        (Get-Date -Date '2014-01-01'),            # New_Years_Day2014
        (Get-Date -Date '2014-01-20'),            # Martin_Luther_King2014
        (Get-Date -Date '2014-02-17'),            # Washingtons_Birthday2014
        (Get-Date -Date '2014-04-18'),            # Good_Friday2014 
        (Get-Date -Date '2014-05-26'),            # Memorial_Day2014 
        (Get-Date -Date '2014-07-04'),            # Independence_Day2014
        (Get-Date -Date '2014-09-01'),            # Labor_Day2014
        (Get-Date -Date '2014-11-27'),            # Thanksgiving_Day2014
        (Get-Date -Date '2014-12-25'),            # Christmas2014
        (Get-Date -Date '2015-01-01'),            # New_Years_Day2015
        (Get-Date -Date '2015-01-19'),            # Martin_Luther_King2015
        (Get-Date -Date '2015-02-16'),            # Washingtons_Birthday2015 
        (Get-Date -Date '2015-04-03'),            # Good_Friday2015 
        (Get-Date -Date '2015-05-25'),            # Memorial_Day2015 
        (Get-Date -Date '2015-07-03'),            # Independence_Day2015
        (Get-Date -Date '2015-09-07'),            # Labor_Day2015 
        (Get-Date -Date '2015-11-26'),            # Thanksgiving_Day2015
        (Get-Date -Date '2015-12-25')             # Christmas2015
    )

    # Count down the working days checking each date as we progress
    $dateIndex = $startDate

    For($workingDayIndex = $maxWorkingDays; $workingDayIndex -gt 0; $workingDayIndex--){
        # Assume the current day is not a working day
        $isWorkingDay = $False

        Do{
            If (("Sunday","Saturday" -contains $dateIndex.DayOfWeek) -or ($holidays -contains $dateIndex)){
                # This is not a working day. Check the next day.
                # Write-Host "$($dateIndex.Date) is a weekend or holiday" -ForegroundColor Red
                $dateIndex = $dateIndex.AddDays(-1)
            } Else {
                # Current $dateIndex is a working day.
                $isWorkingDay = $True
            }
        } While(!$isWorkingDay)

        # Write-Host "Current Date: $($dateIndex.Date). Number of working days left: $workingDayIndex."

        # Set the $dateIndex to the previous day.
        $dateIndex = $dateIndex.AddDays(-1)
    }

    # The last date was the correct one. Re-add the day. 
    $dateIndex.AddDays(1)
}

Get-WorkingDay 10

我们将您的假期日期转换成一个数组，这将使以后的比较更加容易。这是一项手动练习，因此您需要确保定期更新日期。

使用变量 $maxWorkingDays 来确定我们需要返回多少个工作日，并 $workingDayIndex 来跟踪进度。我们使用 For 循环来倒计时工作日，直到我们到达 1。在循环中，我们检查前一天是否是工作日。如果不是，则较小的 Do..While 循环会将日期设置回直到我们到达工作日。我放置了一些注释掉 Write-Host 的行，它们可以帮助解释您在循环位置中的位置。

-contains 为我们完成了工作，因为我们在比较中使用数组，并且检查元素之一是否在上述数组中。 @AnsgarWiechers 我发誓我没有从您的链接 post 窃取条件逻辑。我独立思考的:)

示例输出 今天在这种情况下是 2015 年 1 月 31 日星期六 12:00:00 AM

PS C:\Users\Cameron> Get-WorkingDay 5

Monday, January 26, 2015 12:00:00 AM

PS C:\Users\Cameron> Get-WorkingDay 5 "02/01/2015"

Monday, January 26, 2015 12:00:00 AM

PS C:\Users\Cameron> Get-WorkingDay 5 "2014-11-27"

Thursday, November 20, 2014 12:00:00 AM

如何在 Powershell 中计算 X 个工作日？

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