rake db:migrate 导致 StandardError - 未初始化的常量 CreateObjects::Object
rake db:migrate cause StandardError - uninitialized constant CreateObjects::Object
我有迁移 20150930051523_create_objects.rb:
class CreateObjects < ActiveRecord::Migration
def change
create_table :objects do |t|
t.text :name
t.timestamps null: false
end
Object.create :name => "A"
Object.create :name => "B"
Object.create :name => "C"
end
end
$ rake:db migrate --trace cause output:
** Invoke db:migrate (first_time)
** Invoke db:environment (first_time)
** Execute db:environment
** Invoke db:load_config (first_time)
** Execute db:load_config
** Execute db:migrate
== 20150930051523 CreateObjects: migrating ====================================
-- create_table(:objects)
-> 0.0010s
rake aborted!
StandardError: An error has occurred, this and all later migrations canceled:
uninitialized constant CreateObjects::Object/db/migrate/20150930051523_create_objects.rb:8:in `change'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:605:in `exec_migration'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:589:in `block (2 levels) in migrate'
/usr/lib/ruby/2.1.0/benchmark.rb:279:in `measure'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:588:in `block in migrate'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:292:in `with_connection'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:587:in `migrate'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:765:in `migrate'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:995:in `block in execute_migration_in_transaction'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:1041:in `block in ddl_transaction'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb:213:in `block in transaction'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb:184:in `within_new_transaction'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb:213:in `transaction'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:220:in `transaction'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:1041:in `ddl_transaction'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:994:in `execute_migration_in_transaction'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:956:in `block in migrate'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:952:in `each'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:952:in `migrate'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:820:in `up'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:798:in `migrate'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:137:in `migrate'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:44:in `block (2 levels) in '
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:240:in `call'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:240:in `block in execute'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:235:in `each'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:235:in `execute'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:179:in `block in invoke_with_call_chain'
/usr/lib/ruby/2.1.0/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:172:in `invoke_with_call_chain'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:165:in `invoke'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:150:in `invoke_task'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:106:in `block (2 levels) in top_level'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:106:in `each'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:106:in `block in top_level'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:115:in `run_with_threads'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:100:in `top_level'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:78:in `block in run'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:176:in `standard_exception_handling'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:75:in `run'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/bin/rake:33:in `'
/usr/local/bin/rake:23:in `load'
/usr/local/bin/rake:23:in `'
NameError: uninitialized constant CreateObjects::Object/db/migrate/20150930051523_create_barbers.rb:8:in `change'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:605:in `exec_migration'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:589:in `block (2 levels) in migrate'
/usr/lib/ruby/2.1.0/benchmark.rb:279:in `measure'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:588:in `block in migrate'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:292:in `with_connection'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:587:in `migrate'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:765:in `migrate'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:995:in `block in execute_migration_in_transaction'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:1041:in `block in ddl_transaction'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb:213:in `block in transaction'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb:184:in `within_new_transaction'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb:213:in `transaction'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:220:in `transaction'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:1041:in `ddl_transaction'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:994:in `execute_migration_in_transaction'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:956:in `block in migrate'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:952:in `each'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:952:in `migrate'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:820:in `up'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:798:in `migrate'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:137:in `migrate'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:44:in `block (2 levels) in '
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:240:in `call'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:240:in `block in execute'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:235:in `each'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:235:in `execute'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:179:in `block in invoke_with_call_chain'
/usr/lib/ruby/2.1.0/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:172:in `invoke_with_call_chain'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:165:in `invoke'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:150:in `invoke_task'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:106:in `block (2 levels) in top_level'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:106:in `each'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:106:in `block in top_level'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:115:in `run_with_threads'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:100:in `top_level'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:78:in `block in run'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:176:in `standard_exception_handling'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:75:in `run'
/var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/bin/rake:33:in `'
/usr/local/bin/rake:23:in `load'
/usr/local/bin/rake:23:in `'
Tasks: TOP => db:migrate
在 Object.create... 阶段出现错误，出了什么问题？
更新：在评论中指出实际代码不包含[=36=]，因此这个答案是基于错误的例子。
Object 是用于（无范围）模型 class 的错误名称，因为它已经由 Ruby.
定义
您调用创建的 Object 可能不是您在模型源中定义的 Object class。
我假设你 运行 rails。从迁移中删除 Object.create 行。 运行 它，它应该可以正常工作。然后，调用 rails console，您将在此处结束 实时 会话。在这里你可以玩弄你的代码，例如调用 Object.create、Object.where{id: 1} 等。我假设您会遇到相同的错误。
因此，作为解决方案，将您的 Object 重命名为其他名称，例如 Class 并查看它是否有效。
好吧，那是个玩笑，当然 Class 对于模型来说也是一个非常糟糕的名字 class :) 。尝试找到更有意义的东西。
问题已通过设置 pg gem 解决，它拉取另一个 gem 的包并打包（特别是 postgresql-server-dev-all）。安装后，命令 rake db:migrate 可以正常工作。
我有迁移 20150930051523_create_objects.rb:
class CreateObjects < ActiveRecord::Migration
def change
create_table :objects do |t|
t.text :name
t.timestamps null: false
end
Object.create :name => "A"
Object.create :name => "B"
Object.create :name => "C"
end
end
$ rake:db migrate --trace cause output: ** Invoke db:migrate (first_time) ** Invoke db:environment (first_time) ** Execute db:environment ** Invoke db:load_config (first_time) ** Execute db:load_config ** Execute db:migrate == 20150930051523 CreateObjects: migrating ==================================== -- create_table(:objects) -> 0.0010s rake aborted! StandardError: An error has occurred, this and all later migrations canceled: uninitialized constant CreateObjects::Object/db/migrate/20150930051523_create_objects.rb:8:in `change' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:605:in `exec_migration' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:589:in `block (2 levels) in migrate' /usr/lib/ruby/2.1.0/benchmark.rb:279:in `measure' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:588:in `block in migrate' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:292:in `with_connection' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:587:in `migrate' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:765:in `migrate' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:995:in `block in execute_migration_in_transaction' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:1041:in `block in ddl_transaction' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb:213:in `block in transaction' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb:184:in `within_new_transaction' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb:213:in `transaction' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:220:in `transaction' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:1041:in `ddl_transaction' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:994:in `execute_migration_in_transaction' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:956:in `block in migrate' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:952:in `each' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:952:in `migrate' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:820:in `up' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:798:in `migrate' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:137:in `migrate' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:44:in `block (2 levels) in ' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:240:in `call' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:240:in `block in execute' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:235:in `each' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:235:in `execute' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:179:in `block in invoke_with_call_chain' /usr/lib/ruby/2.1.0/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:172:in `invoke_with_call_chain' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:165:in `invoke' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:150:in `invoke_task' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:106:in `block (2 levels) in top_level' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:106:in `each' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:106:in `block in top_level' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:115:in `run_with_threads' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:100:in `top_level' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:78:in `block in run' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:176:in `standard_exception_handling' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:75:in `run' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/bin/rake:33:in `' /usr/local/bin/rake:23:in `load' /usr/local/bin/rake:23:in `' NameError: uninitialized constant CreateObjects::Object/db/migrate/20150930051523_create_barbers.rb:8:in `change' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:605:in `exec_migration' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:589:in `block (2 levels) in migrate' /usr/lib/ruby/2.1.0/benchmark.rb:279:in `measure' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:588:in `block in migrate' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:292:in `with_connection' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:587:in `migrate' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:765:in `migrate' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:995:in `block in execute_migration_in_transaction' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:1041:in `block in ddl_transaction' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb:213:in `block in transaction' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb:184:in `within_new_transaction' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb:213:in `transaction' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:220:in `transaction' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:1041:in `ddl_transaction' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:994:in `execute_migration_in_transaction' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:956:in `block in migrate' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:952:in `each' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:952:in `migrate' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:820:in `up' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/migration.rb:798:in `migrate' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb:137:in `migrate' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.4/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:44:in `block (2 levels) in ' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:240:in `call' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:240:in `block in execute' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:235:in `each' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:235:in `execute' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:179:in `block in invoke_with_call_chain' /usr/lib/ruby/2.1.0/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:172:in `invoke_with_call_chain' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/task.rb:165:in `invoke' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:150:in `invoke_task' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:106:in `block (2 levels) in top_level' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:106:in `each' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:106:in `block in top_level' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:115:in `run_with_threads' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:100:in `top_level' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:78:in `block in run' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:176:in `standard_exception_handling' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/lib/rake/application.rb:75:in `run' /var/lib/gems/2.1.0/gems/rake-10.4.2/bin/rake:33:in `' /usr/local/bin/rake:23:in `load' /usr/local/bin/rake:23:in `' Tasks: TOP => db:migrate
在 Object.create... 阶段出现错误，出了什么问题？
更新：在评论中指出实际代码不包含[=36=]，因此这个答案是基于错误的例子。
Object 是用于（无范围）模型 class 的错误名称，因为它已经由 Ruby.
您调用创建的 Object 可能不是您在模型源中定义的 Object class。
我假设你 运行 rails。从迁移中删除 Object.create 行。 运行 它，它应该可以正常工作。然后，调用 rails console，您将在此处结束 实时 会话。在这里你可以玩弄你的代码，例如调用 Object.create、Object.where{id: 1} 等。我假设您会遇到相同的错误。
因此，作为解决方案，将您的 Object 重命名为其他名称，例如 Class 并查看它是否有效。
好吧，那是个玩笑，当然 Class 对于模型来说也是一个非常糟糕的名字 class :) 。尝试找到更有意义的东西。
问题已通过设置 pg gem 解决，它拉取另一个 gem 的包并打包（特别是 postgresql-server-dev-all）。安装后，命令 rake db:migrate 可以正常工作。