“El Capitan”是否无根地打破了旧的 grunt 配置？

Question

迁移到 El Capitan 后，用户似乎遇到了 grunt 安装问题，这可能与 El Capitan 的无根更改有关。特别是，运行 grunt --force 命令会导致 EPERM 错误。工作流程如下：

假设已安装 npm，使用 package.json 和 gruntfile.js 导航到 grunt 目录并调用 grunt：

grunt --force

示例 Gruntfile.js 文件内容：

module.exports = function(grunt) {

    // All configuration goes here 
    grunt.initConfig({
        pkg: grunt.file.readJSON('package.json'),

        concat: {
            // Configuration for concatenating files goes here.
            dist: {
                src: [
                        '../js/libs/owl.carousel.js',
                        '../js/libs/jquery.actual.js',
                        '../js/libs/chosen.jquery.js',
                        '../js/libs/jquery.parallax.js',
                        '../js/src/common.js'  
                ],
                dest: '../js/pro/global.js',
            },
        },

        uglify: {
            build: {
                src: '../js/pro/global.js',
                dest: '../js/pro/global.min.js',
            },
        },


        imagemin: {
            dynamic: {
                files: [{
                    expand: true,
                    cwd: '../img/src/',
                    src: ['**/*.{png,jpg,gif}'],
                    dest: '../img/pro/'
                }]
            }
        },

        compass: {
            dev: {
                options: {              
                    sassDir: '../sass',
                    cssDir: '../css',
                    fontsDir: '../fonts',
                    imagesDir: '../img/',
                    images: '../img/',
                    javascriptsDir: '../js/pro',
                    //environment: 'development',
                    outputStyle: 'compressed',
                    relativeAssets: true,
                    httpPath: '.',
                }
            },
        },

        watch: {
            scripts: {
                files: ['../js/**/**.js'],
                tasks: ['concat', 'uglify'],
                options: {
                    spawn: true,
                },
            },
            images: {
                files: ['../img/src/**.{png,jpg,gif}'],
                tasks: ['imagemin'],
                options: {
                    spawn: true,
                }
            },
            compass: {
                files: ['../**/*.{scss,sass}'],
                tasks: ['compass:dev'],
            }

        },

        svgstore: {
            defaults: {
                options: {
                    prefix : 'icon-',
                },
                files: {
                    '../img/svg-defs.svg': ['../img/svg/*.svg']
                }
            }
        },


    });

    // Where we tell Grunt we plan to use this plug-in.
    grunt.loadNpmTasks('grunt-contrib-concat');
    grunt.loadNpmTasks('grunt-contrib-uglify');
    grunt.loadNpmTasks('grunt-contrib-imagemin');
    grunt.loadNpmTasks('grunt-contrib-watch');
    grunt.loadNpmTasks('grunt-contrib-compass');
    grunt.loadNpmTasks('grunt-svgstore');

    // Where we tell Grunt what to do when we type "grunt" into the terminal.
    grunt.registerTask('default', ['concat', 'uglify', /*'imagemin',*/ 'compass', 'svgstore', 'watch']);

};

示例 package.json 文件内容：

{
"name": "Call Me Maybe",
"version": "0.2.0",
"devDependencies": {
    "grunt": "^0.4.5",
    "grunt-contrib-compass": "^1.0.4",
    "grunt-contrib-concat": "^0.5.1",
    "grunt-contrib-imagemin": "^0.9.4",
    "grunt-contrib-sass": "^0.9.2",
    "grunt-contrib-uglify": "^0.9.2",
    "grunt-contrib-watch": "^0.6.1",
    "grunt-svgstore": "^0.5.0"
  }
}

产生的EPERM错误如下：

Running "concat:dist" (concat) task
Warning: Unable to write "../js/pro/global.js" file (Error code: EPERM). Used --force, continuing.

Running "uglify:build" (uglify) task
Warning: Unable to write "../js/pro/global.min.js" file (Error code: EPERM). Used --force, continuing.

Running "compass:dev" (compass) task
Warning: Command failed: /bin/sh: compass: command not found. Used --force, continuing.
Warning: You need to have Ruby and Compass installed and in your system PATH for this task to work. More info: https://github.com/gruntjs/grunt-contrib-compass Used --force, continuing.

Running "svgstore:defaults" (svgstore) task
Warning: Unable to write "../img/svg-defs.svg" file (Error code: EPERM). Used --force, continuing.

Running "watch" task
Waiting...

有趣的是，Ruby 和 Compass 也安装了，所以它确实符合无根无法写入文件夹问题的理论，但是如何将依赖核心移动到其他地方（即 /usr/local/bin）所以这不是问题？

在 El Capitan Betas 期间，一些用户建议通过终端启用 root - 虽然这似乎不再有效，因为错误仍然存在并且 /usr/bin 文件夹仍然不允许更改权限。

Answer 1

在 /usr/bin 上安装非系统软件是一个糟糕的举动，现在在 El Capitan 中被禁止，并且有充分的理由。

我不熟悉 grunt，但如果你能开始使用 /usr/local/bin，那么可能一切正常。

Answer 2

对于那些运行进入相同问题的人，我不得不消除使用安装到路径的二进制文件：/usr/bin，并在更新路径 /usr/local/bin 后重新安装。 Ruby 往往是罪魁祸首。因为我一直在努力寻找我所有的 ruby 安装，所以我最终安装了 rbenv 来管理我的 ruby 版本。

以下终端命令可能有助于识别有问题的路径：

which ruby
gem environment
gem uninstall [insert gem name here]
[google how to set your paths to /usr/local/bin... (will be in a hidden file)]
gem install [insert gem name here]

“El Capitan”是否无根地打破了旧的 grunt 配置？

Is 'El Capitan's' rootless breaking old grunt configs?

node.js

gruntjs

grunt-contrib-watch

grunt-contrib-uglify

grunt-contrib-concat