按列分组的数据框中 R 中行之间的差异

Question

我希望通过 app_name 了解不同版本的计数差异。我的数据集如下所示：app_name、version_id、计数、[差异]

这是数据集

    data = structure(list(app_name = structure(c(1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 
2L, 3L, 3L), .Label = c("a", "b", "c"), class = "factor"), version_id = c(1, 
1.1, 2.3, 2, 3.1, 3.3, 4, 1.1, 2.4), count = c(600L, 620L, 620L, 
200L, 200L, 250L, 250L, 15L, 36L)), .Names = c("app_name", "version_id", 
"count"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, -9L))

鉴于此 data.frame，我怎样才能得到 app_name 和 version_id 的滞后计数差异？每个应用程序的初始（第一个）版本差异将为零，因为没有区别。

这是最后一个 'diff' 列的最终结果示例

structure(list(app_name = structure(c(1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 
2L, 3L, 3L), .Label = c("a", "b", "c"), class = "factor"), version_id = c(1, 
1.1, 2.3, 2, 3.1, 3.3, 4, 1.1, 2.4), count = c(600L, 620L, 620L, 
200L, 200L, 250L, 250L, 15L, 36L), diff = c(0, 20, 0, 0, 0, 1.25, 
0, 0, 2.4)), .Names = c("app_name", "version_id", "count", "diff"
), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, -9L))

Answer 1

尝试使用 dplyr 和 lag:

library(dplyr)
data %>% group_by(app_name) %>%
         mutate(diffvers = version_id - dplyr::lag(version_id, default = version_id[1]),
                diffcount = count - dplyr::lag(count, default = count[1]))

Source: local data frame [9 x 5]
Groups: app_name [3]

  app_name version_id count diffvers diffcount
    (fctr)      (dbl) (int)    (dbl)     (int)
1        a        1.0   600      0.0         0
2        a        1.1   620      0.1        20
3        a        2.3   620      1.2         0
4        b        2.0   200      0.0         0
5        b        3.1   200      1.1         0
6        b        3.3   250      0.2        50
7        b        4.0   250      0.7         0
8        c        1.1    15      0.0         0
9        c        2.4    36      1.3        21

Answer 2

我们可以使用 data.table。我们将'data.frame'转换为'data.table'（setDT(data)），按'app_name'分组，循环（lapply(..）.SDcols中指定的列，得到当前元素与其 lag 之间的差异（默认情况下 shift 具有 type='lag'）并分配 (:=) 输出以创建新列。

library(data.table)#v1.9.6
setDT(data)[, c('diffvers', 'diffcount') := lapply(.SD, 
              function(x) x-shift(x, fill=x[1L])), by = app_name, .SDcols=2:3]

data
#   app_name version_id count diffvers diffcount
#1:        a        1.0   600      0.0         0
#2:        a        1.1   620      0.1        20
#3:        a        2.3   620      1.2         0
#4:        b        2.0   200      0.0         0
#5:        b        3.1   200      1.1         0
#6:        b        3.3   250      0.2        50
#7:        b        4.0   250      0.7         0
#8:        c        1.1    15      0.0         0
#9:        c        2.4    36      1.3        21

按列分组的数据框中 R 中行之间的差异

Difference between rows in R on dataframe grouped by column

diff

r

lag

dataframe