C++:没有用于初始化的匹配构造函数/候选构造函数不可行:需要单个参数,但未提供任何参数

C++: no matching constructor for initialization / candidate constructor not viable: requires single argument, but no arguments were provided

我正在尝试用 C++ 实现链表,但不知道如何修复下面给出的错误。我将非常感谢调试方面的任何帮助,更重要的是,对于我不理解的关于此错误的任何基本概念的解释。谢谢

这是我的错误:

linkedList.cpp:19:23: error: no matching constructor for initialization of 'NodeType'
        newnode = new NodeType;
                      ^
./linkedList.h:10:9: note: candidate constructor not viable: requires single argument 'str', but no arguments
      were provided
        NodeType(const std::string str);
        ^
./linkedList.h:4:7: note: candidate constructor (the implicit copy constructor) not viable: requires 1
      argument, but 0 were provided
class NodeType
      ^
linkedList.cpp:54:29: error: no matching constructor for initialization of 'NodeType'
    NodeType* newnode = new NodeType;
                            ^
./linkedList.h:10:9: note: candidate constructor not viable: requires single argument 'str', but no arguments
      were provided
        NodeType(const std::string str);
        ^
./linkedList.h:4:7: note: candidate constructor (the implicit copy constructor) not viable: requires 1
      argument, but 0 were provided
class NodeType
      ^

这是我的 linkedList.h 文件中的节点类型 class:

  3 // define the node class
  4 class NodeType
  5 {
  6     private:
  7         std::string value;
  8         NodeType* next;
  9     public:
 10         NodeType(std::string str);
 11     friend class LinkedList;
 12 };

这是 linkedList.cpp 文件中第一个错误的方法:

 10 LinkedList::LinkedList(const LinkedList& src)
 11 {
 12     head = NULL;
 13     NodeType* srccur; //node that is currently in src
 14     srccur = src.head;
 15 
 16     NodeType* pre = NULL; //predecessor of the new node
 17     while (srccur != NULL) // have not finished yet
 18     {   NodeType* newnode;
 19         newnode = new NodeType;
 20         if (newnode == NULL) //dynamic allocation failed
 21             { cout << "Memory allocation error" << endl;
 22                 exit(1);
 23             }
 24 
 25     newnode->value = srccur->value;
 26 
 27     if (pre == NULL)    //the new node becomes the 1st node
 28         head = newnode;
 29     else    // the new node is attached to the end
 30         pre->next = newnode;
 31 
 32     newnode->next = NULL;
 33 
 34     pre = newnode;
 35     srccur = srccur->next;
 36     }
 37 };

这是 linkedList.cpp 文件中针对第二个错误的方法:

 53 bool LinkedList::insertFirst(string v){
 54     NodeType* newnode = new NodeType;
 55 
 56     if (newnode == NULL) // dynamic allocation failed
 57     {
 58         return false;
 59     }
 60 
 61     newnode->value = v;
 62     newnode->next = head;
 63 
 64     head = newnode;
 65 
 66     return true;
 67 };

很简单。查看 NodeType 的构造函数(linkedList.h,第 10 行)。它需要一个字符串。然而,当您创建 NodeType 的新实例时(linkedList.cpp,第 18 行,第 54 行),您在调用构造函数 时没有 任何参数。

正确的方法是...

NodeType* newnode = new NodeType("Some string.");

如果您希望构造函数中的字符串参数是 可选的,您可以通过将构造函数的 header 原型更改为...

NodeType(std::string str="Some default value");

此外,您可以重载您的构造函数,一个不带参数,一个接受字符串,等等。


众所周知,这是一个非常基本的原则。如果您是一名学生(正式或非正式),您将需要复习 C++ Object 面向编程,特别是 "Constructors".