应用程序在 Android M 上因 SecurityException 而崩溃

Question

昨天我设置了目标并将sdk编译到23 API级别。当我使用 Preview Android M (MPA441) 在 Nexus 9 上启动应用程序时，应用程序崩溃并出现以下 SecurityException:

FATAL EXCEPTION: main
 Process: com.grouplogic.mobilecho, PID: 22554
 java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to create application com.mypackage.MyApplication: java.lang.SecurityException: getDeviceId: Neither user 10098 nor current process has android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE.
     at android.app.ActivityThread.handleBindApplication(ActivityThread.java:4710)
     at android.app.ActivityThread.-wrap1(ActivityThread.java)
     at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1405)
     at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102)
     at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:148)
     at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5417)
     at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
     at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:726)
     at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:616)
  Caused by: java.lang.SecurityException: getDeviceId: Neither user 10098 nor current process has android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE.
     at android.os.Parcel.readException(Parcel.java:1599)
     at android.os.Parcel.readException(Parcel.java:1552)
     at com.android.internal.telephony.ITelephony$Stub$Proxy.getDeviceId(ITelephony.java:4175)
     at android.telephony.TelephonyManager.getDeviceId(TelephonyManager.java:706)
     at com.mypackage.utils.DeviceUtils.isRunOnEmulator(DeviceUtils.java:63)
     at com.mypackage.utils.DeviceUtils.getDeviceID(DeviceUtils.java:49)
     at com.mypackage.domain.service.SettingService.setupPreferences(SettingService.java:79)
     at com.mypackage.app.BaseApplication.createSingletons(BaseApplication.java:84)
     at com.mypackage.app.BaseApplication.onCreate(BaseApplication.java:66)
     at android.app.Instrumentation.callApplicationOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1013)
     at android.app.ActivityThread.handleBindApplication(ActivityThread.java:4707)
     at android.app.ActivityThread.-wrap1(ActivityThread.java) 
     at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1405) 
     at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102) 
     at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:148) 
     at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5417) 
     at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method) 
     at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:726) 
     at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:616)

有人知道为什么当我通过 Android Studio 安装应用程序时默认情况下禁用新安装应用程序的权限吗？避免此崩溃的正确方法是什么，也许有办法检查启用或不启用目标权限，只有在启用时应用程序才应使用某些特定设备 API（读取 phone 状态、联系人和其他权限）？在 Internet 上，我刚刚发现了这个 mention related to this problem1, but there I didn't find any clear explanation: is it bug in Android M or developer cannot understand how to use permission in a safe manner!? Also I've read this post 但是当用户应该进入设置并为应用程序启用权限时的方法看起来很奇怪而且对用户不友好。我想如果用户从 Google Play 安装应用程序，一切都会好起来的，因为他明确申请了请求的权限，但我需要确认它。

Answer 1

在这里您可以找到如何在运行时请求权限。
https://developer.android.com/training/permissions/requesting.html

应用程序在 Android M 上因 SecurityException 而崩溃

App crashes with SecurityException on Android M

android

android-permissions

android-6.0-marshmallow

android-developer-api