如何使用 XPATH 搜索具有 class 的跨度以在 JAVA 中进行 Selenium 测试

How to use XPATH to search for a span with a class for Selenium Testing in JAVA

我正在编写一段代码,它希望我 select 具有 class amountCharged 的跨度并获取该跨度的值以根据模拟值对其进行测试.我面临的问题是我似乎无法 select span 使用 XPath。我尝试了多种方法但仍然失败,我继续 W3SchoolsWhosebug 问题,但无法确定语法。

以下是我面临的错误:

org.openqa.selenium.TimeoutException: Timed out after 60 seconds waiting for text ('£163.06') to be present in element found by `By.xpath:`

 //span[contains(@class, 'amountCharged')]

如您所见,我正在尝试将 //span[contains(@class,'amountCharged')] 用作 XPATH,与使用“

的问题相同
/descendant::span[contains(@class, 'amountCharged')]

HTML 从 PARENT DIV 开始是:

    <div class="panelMessage instructional" params="">    Total:         
 <span class="amountCharged">£163.06</span> quoted on          
<span class="reservationTime">Tue, 29 Nov 2011 15:46 GMT</span> . </div>
    </div>        
<div class="panelContent hideFocus noneBlock  " tabindex="-1" data-  context="panelContent">

JAVA代码是:

   private static void elementShouldContain(String locator, String value, String errorMessage, long timeout) {
    String xpath = buildLocator(locator, "");
    WebDriverWait customWait = new WebDriverWait(webDriverInstance, timeout / 1000);
    try {
    customWait.until(ExpectedConditions.textToBePresentInElement(By.xpath(xpath), value));
    } catch (Exception e) {
        // Handles the specific exception, except that the message is null, in which case throws a regular SeleniumException
        if (errorMessage != null)
            throw new CustomSeleniumException(errorMessage, e);
        else
            throw new SeleniumException(e);
    }
}

我缺少什么请帮助。

谢谢

请记住以下几点:

  1. 在 Firebug 的 Chrome 调试器上测试 xpath 并不一定意味着 selector 将唯一地 return 目标元素。可能有一些其他元素隐藏在相同的选择器中,在这种情况下 webdriver 将无法找到目标元素。出于调试目的,使用 findElements a 查看它有多少个元素 returns.
  2. 元素加载问题,例如:可见性也可能是另一个问题。这就是您需要确保元素存在且可见的原因。使用explicit等待

尝试关注 xpaths

//span[@class='amountCharged']

如果 class 不是唯一的,并且您想根据 div 找到 span,您可以执行以下操作:

//div[contains(@class,'panelMessage ')]//span[@class='amountCharged']

根据您提到的错误,我想您正在使用 textToBePresentInElement or textToBePresentInElementLocated or something related method under the ExpectedConditions class

您也可以这样做:
1- 使用 Explicit Wait
等待元素的可见性 2- 检索文本
3- Assert/Compare 值为“£163.06”的文本。

您可以按顺序尝试以下包含上述所有内容的代码:

    String text_in_panel=null;
    try{
        //waiting 20 seconds for the visibility of the element
        WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 20);
        WebElement element = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath("//div[contains(@class, 'panelMessage')]/span[1]")));

        //Retrieving the text from the element
        text_in_panel = element.getText();
    }catch(Throwable e){
        System.err.println("Element is not visible: "+e.getMessage());
    }

    //Comparing the text with the hard-coded value
    if(text_in_panel.equals("£163.06"))
        System.out.println("Text matches");
    else
        System.err.println("Text doesn't match");

[或者您可以通过导入 import junit.framework.Assert;]

使用断言 class 来断言这些值而不是比较它们
    //Assert the text with the hard-coded value
    try{
        Assert.assertEquals(text_in_panel, "£163.06");
        System.out.println("Text matches");
    }catch(Throwable e){
        System.err.println("Text doesn't match");
    }