按下切片器时禁用 excel 中的其他切片器
Disabling other slicers in excel when slicer is pressed
我有三个切片器在 table 和 excel 中的数据透视表上运行。但是，当按下其中一个切片器时，必须清除从其他两个切片器放置的过滤器，以确保只有一个切片器同时运行。我认为这必须使用 VBA 来解决，监听点击然后执行代码，除此之外我不知道，因为我以前从未使用过 Excel 或 VBA。
有人对我如何做到这一点有任何建议吗？
计算出切片器被点击的内容确实非常棘手，因为通过点击切片器引发的唯一应用程序事件是 PivotTable_Update 事件。此事件告诉我们切片器连接到哪个 PivotTable，但不告诉我们该 PivotTable 中的哪个 field 被过滤。因此，如果您有多个 silcer 连接到一个数据透视表，您将无法分辨刚刚点击了哪个。
我想出了一个非常复杂的解决方法，我在 http://dailydoseofexcel.com/archives/2014/07/10/what-caused-that-pivottableupdate-episode-iv/ 上发布了它，它会让你分道扬镳：它会告诉你数据透视表中的哪个字段刚刚更新，然后你只需要遍历连接到该数据透视表的所有切片器，如果它们没有相同的源名称，则清除它们。
我会看看我是否可以在适当的时候编写一些代码，但我目前很忙，所以我不能保证很快解决。
请注意，您 可以 将宏直接分配给当用户单击它时触发的切片器，然后您可以确定它是哪个切片器。但不幸的是，该宏会干扰切片器本身：用户无法再实际操作切片器来实际更改任何内容。
---更新---
这是一些可以执行您想要的操作的代码。这里有很多不同的模块，因为例程代码调用了很多我使用的其他通用例程。它的核心是一个例程，它计算出更新数据透视表的哪个特定字段，而不关心是否过滤了多个字段。
您可以使用此事件处理程序调用它，该事件处理程序位于 Visual Basic 编辑器中本书的 ThisWorkbook 模块中：
Private Sub Workbook_SheetPivotTableUpdate(ByVal Sh As Object, ByVal Target As PivotTable)
Slicers_OneSlicerOnly Target
End Sub
然后依次调用这些其他函数。您无需修改任何内容，这适用于您添加到此工作簿的任何数据透视表或切片器。
Function Slicers_OneSlicerOnly(target As PivotTable)
Dim sField As String
Dim slr As Slicer
Dim sSlicer As String
Dim bEnableEvents As Boolean
Dim bScreenUpdating As Boolean
Dim bManualupdate As Boolean
Dim lCalculation As Long
Dim bRecordLayout As Boolean
Dim sLayout_New As String
Dim sLayout_Old As String
Dim lng As Long
With Application
bEnableEvents = .EnableEvents
bScreenUpdating = .ScreenUpdating
lCalculation = .Calculation
.EnableEvents = False
.ScreenUpdating = False
.Calculation = xlCalculationManual
End With
bManualupdate = target.ManualUpdate
target.ManualUpdate = True
sField = Pivots_FieldChange(target)
If sField <> "" Then
For Each slr In target.Slicers
sSlicer = slr.SlicerCache.SourceName
If sSlicer <> sField Then
If Not target.PivotFields(sSlicer).AllItemsVisible Then
target.PivotFields(sSlicer).ClearAllFilters
bRecordLayout = True
End If
End If
Next slr
End If
target.ManualUpdate = bManualupdate
If bRecordLayout Then
PivotChange_RecordLayout target, sLayout_New
With target
lng = InStr(.Summary, "[Layout]")
sLayout_Old = Mid(.Summary, lng + Len("[Layout]"), InStr(.Summary, "[/Layout]") - Len("[Layout]") - lng)
.Summary = Replace(.Summary, "[Layout]" & sLayout_Old & "[/Layout]", "[Layout]" & sLayout_New & "[/Layout]")
End With
End If
With Application
.EnableEvents = bEnableEvents
.ScreenUpdating = bScreenUpdating
.Calculation = lCalculation
End With
End Function
Public Function Pivots_FieldChange(target As PivotTable) As String
' Description: Works out what caused a PivotTableUpdate event, and if caused by someone changing a filter returns the
' name of the PivotField that was filtered.
' Programmer: Jeff Weir
' Contact: weir.jeff@gmail.com or jeff.weir@HeavyDutyDecisions.co.nz
' Inputs: PivotTable
' Outputs: String
' Name/Version: Date: Ini: Modification:
' PivotChange_20140712 20140712 JSW Initial programming as per http://dailydoseofexcel.com/archives/2014/07/10/what-caused-that-pivottableupdate-episode-iv/
' PivotChange_20140723 20140423 JSW Restructured code as per http://dailydoseofexcel.com/archives/2014/07/23/broken-arrow/
' PivotChange_20140802 20140802 JSW Added: If sLastUndoStackItem = "Filter" Or sLastUndoStackItem = "Slicer Operation" Then
' so that Filter routines only get called in response to filtering
' Pivots_FieldChange 20151016 JSW Changed the way info is saved in .summary
Dim sLastUndoStackItem As String
Dim sField As String
Dim sPossibles As String
Dim sLayout_New As String
Dim sLayout_Old As String
On Error Resume Next 'in case the undo stack has been wiped or doesn't exist
sLastUndoStackItem = Application.CommandBars(14).FindControl(ID:=128).List(1) 'Standard Commandbar, undo stack
On Error GoTo 0
If sLastUndoStackItem = "Filter" Or sLastUndoStackItem = "Slicer Operation" Then
sField = PivotChange_CompareLayout(target, sLayout_New, sLayout_Old)
If sField = "" Then sField = PivotChange_EliminationCheck(target, sPossibles)
If sField = "" Then sField = PivotChange_UndoCheck(target, sPossibles)
If sLayout_Old = "" Then
target.Summary = "[Layout]" & sLayout_New & "[/Layout]"
Else
target.Summary = Replace(target.Summary, "[Layout]" & sLayout_Old & "[/Layout]", "[Layout]" & sLayout_New & "[/Layout]")
End If
End If
Pivots_FieldChange = sField
Debug.Print Now() & vbTab & "Pivots_FieldChange:" & vbTab & sField
End Function
Function PivotChange_RecordLayout(pt As PivotTable, ByRef sLayout_New As String) As Boolean
Dim pf As PivotField
For Each pf In pt.PivotFields
With pf
Select Case .Orientation
Case xlRowField, xlColumnField
sLayout_New = sLayout_New & .Name & "|" & .VisibleItems.Count & "|" & .VisibleItems(1).Name & "||"
Case xlPageField
'pf.VisibleItems.Count doesn't work on PageFields
'So for PageFields we’ll record what that PageField’s filter currently displays.
'#DEV# Maybe it's quick to iterate through the .VisibleItems collection (if there is one) and count?
sLayout_New = sLayout_New & .Name & "|" & .LabelRange.Offset(, 1).Value & "|" & .EnableMultiplePageItems & "||"
End Select
End With
Next pf
End Function
Function PivotChange_CompareLayout(pt As PivotTable, ByRef sLayout_New As String, ByRef sLayout_Old As String) As String
Dim i As Long
Dim lng As Long
Dim vLayout_Old As Variant
Dim vLayout_New As Variant
PivotChange_RecordLayout pt, sLayout_New
With pt
lng = InStr(.Summary, "[Layout]")
If lng > 0 Then
sLayout_Old = Mid(.Summary, lng + Len("[Layout]"), InStr(.Summary, "[/Layout]") - Len("[Layout]") - lng)
If sLayout_Old <> sLayout_New Then
vLayout_Old = Split(sLayout_Old, "||")
vLayout_New = Split(sLayout_New, "||")
For i = 0 To UBound(vLayout_Old)
If vLayout_Old(i) <> vLayout_New(i) Then
PivotChange_CompareLayout = Split(vLayout_Old(i), "|")(0)
Exit For
End If
Next i
End If
Else:
'Layout has not yet been recorded.
'Note that we only update .Summary at the end of the main function,
' so we don't wipe the UNDO stack before the PivotChange_UndoCheck routine
End If
End With
End Function
Function PivotChange_EliminationCheck(pt As PivotTable, ByRef sPossibles As String) As String
'Check all the visible fields to see if *just one of them alone* has
' neither .AllItemsVisible = True nor .EnableMultiplePageItems = false.
' If that's the case, then by process of elimination, this field
' must be the one that triggered the change, as changes to any of the
' others would have been identified in the code earlier.
Dim pf As PivotField
Dim lngFields As Long
lngFields = 0
On Error Resume Next ' Need this to handle DataFields and 'Values' field
For Each pf In pt.PivotFields
With pf
If .Orientation > 0 Then 'It's not hidden or a DataField
If .EnableMultiplePageItems And Not .AllItemsVisible Then
If Err.Number = 0 Then
'It *might* be this field
lngFields = lngFields + 1
sPossibles = sPossibles & .Name & ";"
Else: Err.Clear
End If
End If
End If
End With
Next
On Error GoTo 0
If lngFields = 1 Then PivotChange_EliminationCheck = Left(sPossibles, Len(sPossibles) - 1)
End Function
Function PivotChange_UndoCheck(pt As PivotTable, sPossibles) As String
Dim i As Long
Dim dicFields As Object 'This holds a list of all visible pivotfields
Dim dicVisible As Object 'This contains a list of all visible PivotItems for a pf
Dim varKey As Variant
Dim pf As PivotField
Dim pi As PivotItem
Dim bidentified As Boolean
Dim lngVisibleItems As Long
Application.EnableEvents = False
'Create master dictionary
Set dicFields = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary")
'Cycle through all pivotfields, excluding totals
For i = 0 To UBound(Split(sPossibles, ";")) - 1
'Create dicVisible: a dictionary for each visible PivotField that contain visible PivotItems
Set dicVisible = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary")
Set pf = pt.PivotFields(Split(sPossibles, ";")(i))
With pf
If .Orientation <> xlPageField Then
For Each pi In .VisibleItems
With pi
dicVisible.Add .Name, .Name
End With
Next pi
Else:
'Unfortunately the .visibleitems collection isn't available for PageFields
' e.g. SomePageField.VisibleItems.Count always returns 1
' So we'll have to iterate through the pagefield and test the .visible status
' so we can then record just the visible items (which is quite slow)
For Each pi In .PivotItems
With pi
If .Visible Then
dicVisible.Add .Name, .Name
End If
End With
Next pi
End If 'If .Orientation = xlPageField Then
'Write dicVisible to the dicFields master dictionary
dicFields.Add .Name, dicVisible
End With
Next i
Application.Undo
For Each varKey In dicFields.keys
Set pf = pt.PivotFields(varKey)
Set dicVisible = dicFields.Item(varKey)
'Test whether any of the items that were previously hidden are now visible
If pf.Orientation <> xlPageField Then
For Each pi In pf.VisibleItems
With pi
If Not dicVisible.exists(.Name) Then
PivotChange_UndoCheck = pf.Name
bidentified = True
Exit For
End If
End With
Next
Else 'pf.Orientation = xlPageField
lngVisibleItems = dicVisible.Count
i = 0
For Each pi In pf.PivotItems
With pi
If .Visible Then
If Not dicVisible.exists(.Name) Then
PivotChange_UndoCheck = pf.Name
bidentified = True
Exit For
Else: i = i + 1 'this is explained below.
End If
End If
End With
Next
' For non-PageFields, we know that the number of .VisibleItems hasn't changed.
' But we *don't* know that about Pagefields, and an increase in the amount of
' .VisibleItems won't be picked up by our Dictionary approach.
' So we'll check if the overall number of visible items changed
If Not bidentified And i > lngVisibleItems Then
PivotChange_UndoCheck = pf.Name
Exit For
End If
End If
If bidentified Then Exit For
Next
'Resore the original settings
With Application
.CommandBars(14).FindControl(ID:=129).Execute 'Standard Commandbar, Redo command
.EnableEvents = True
End With
End Function
End Sub
我有三个切片器在 table 和 excel 中的数据透视表上运行。但是，当按下其中一个切片器时，必须清除从其他两个切片器放置的过滤器，以确保只有一个切片器同时运行。我认为这必须使用 VBA 来解决，监听点击然后执行代码，除此之外我不知道，因为我以前从未使用过 Excel 或 VBA。 有人对我如何做到这一点有任何建议吗？
计算出切片器被点击的内容确实非常棘手，因为通过点击切片器引发的唯一应用程序事件是 PivotTable_Update 事件。此事件告诉我们切片器连接到哪个 PivotTable，但不告诉我们该 PivotTable 中的哪个 field 被过滤。因此，如果您有多个 silcer 连接到一个数据透视表，您将无法分辨刚刚点击了哪个。
我想出了一个非常复杂的解决方法，我在 http://dailydoseofexcel.com/archives/2014/07/10/what-caused-that-pivottableupdate-episode-iv/ 上发布了它，它会让你分道扬镳：它会告诉你数据透视表中的哪个字段刚刚更新，然后你只需要遍历连接到该数据透视表的所有切片器，如果它们没有相同的源名称，则清除它们。
我会看看我是否可以在适当的时候编写一些代码，但我目前很忙，所以我不能保证很快解决。
请注意，您 可以 将宏直接分配给当用户单击它时触发的切片器，然后您可以确定它是哪个切片器。但不幸的是，该宏会干扰切片器本身：用户无法再实际操作切片器来实际更改任何内容。
---更新--- 这是一些可以执行您想要的操作的代码。这里有很多不同的模块，因为例程代码调用了很多我使用的其他通用例程。它的核心是一个例程，它计算出更新数据透视表的哪个特定字段，而不关心是否过滤了多个字段。
您可以使用此事件处理程序调用它，该事件处理程序位于 Visual Basic 编辑器中本书的 ThisWorkbook 模块中：
Private Sub Workbook_SheetPivotTableUpdate(ByVal Sh As Object, ByVal Target As PivotTable)
Slicers_OneSlicerOnly Target
End Sub
然后依次调用这些其他函数。您无需修改任何内容，这适用于您添加到此工作簿的任何数据透视表或切片器。
Function Slicers_OneSlicerOnly(target As PivotTable)
Dim sField As String
Dim slr As Slicer
Dim sSlicer As String
Dim bEnableEvents As Boolean
Dim bScreenUpdating As Boolean
Dim bManualupdate As Boolean
Dim lCalculation As Long
Dim bRecordLayout As Boolean
Dim sLayout_New As String
Dim sLayout_Old As String
Dim lng As Long
With Application
bEnableEvents = .EnableEvents
bScreenUpdating = .ScreenUpdating
lCalculation = .Calculation
.EnableEvents = False
.ScreenUpdating = False
.Calculation = xlCalculationManual
End With
bManualupdate = target.ManualUpdate
target.ManualUpdate = True
sField = Pivots_FieldChange(target)
If sField <> "" Then
For Each slr In target.Slicers
sSlicer = slr.SlicerCache.SourceName
If sSlicer <> sField Then
If Not target.PivotFields(sSlicer).AllItemsVisible Then
target.PivotFields(sSlicer).ClearAllFilters
bRecordLayout = True
End If
End If
Next slr
End If
target.ManualUpdate = bManualupdate
If bRecordLayout Then
PivotChange_RecordLayout target, sLayout_New
With target
lng = InStr(.Summary, "[Layout]")
sLayout_Old = Mid(.Summary, lng + Len("[Layout]"), InStr(.Summary, "[/Layout]") - Len("[Layout]") - lng)
.Summary = Replace(.Summary, "[Layout]" & sLayout_Old & "[/Layout]", "[Layout]" & sLayout_New & "[/Layout]")
End With
End If
With Application
.EnableEvents = bEnableEvents
.ScreenUpdating = bScreenUpdating
.Calculation = lCalculation
End With
End Function
Public Function Pivots_FieldChange(target As PivotTable) As String
' Description: Works out what caused a PivotTableUpdate event, and if caused by someone changing a filter returns the
' name of the PivotField that was filtered.
' Programmer: Jeff Weir
' Contact: weir.jeff@gmail.com or jeff.weir@HeavyDutyDecisions.co.nz
' Inputs: PivotTable
' Outputs: String
' Name/Version: Date: Ini: Modification:
' PivotChange_20140712 20140712 JSW Initial programming as per http://dailydoseofexcel.com/archives/2014/07/10/what-caused-that-pivottableupdate-episode-iv/
' PivotChange_20140723 20140423 JSW Restructured code as per http://dailydoseofexcel.com/archives/2014/07/23/broken-arrow/
' PivotChange_20140802 20140802 JSW Added: If sLastUndoStackItem = "Filter" Or sLastUndoStackItem = "Slicer Operation" Then
' so that Filter routines only get called in response to filtering
' Pivots_FieldChange 20151016 JSW Changed the way info is saved in .summary
Dim sLastUndoStackItem As String
Dim sField As String
Dim sPossibles As String
Dim sLayout_New As String
Dim sLayout_Old As String
On Error Resume Next 'in case the undo stack has been wiped or doesn't exist
sLastUndoStackItem = Application.CommandBars(14).FindControl(ID:=128).List(1) 'Standard Commandbar, undo stack
On Error GoTo 0
If sLastUndoStackItem = "Filter" Or sLastUndoStackItem = "Slicer Operation" Then
sField = PivotChange_CompareLayout(target, sLayout_New, sLayout_Old)
If sField = "" Then sField = PivotChange_EliminationCheck(target, sPossibles)
If sField = "" Then sField = PivotChange_UndoCheck(target, sPossibles)
If sLayout_Old = "" Then
target.Summary = "[Layout]" & sLayout_New & "[/Layout]"
Else
target.Summary = Replace(target.Summary, "[Layout]" & sLayout_Old & "[/Layout]", "[Layout]" & sLayout_New & "[/Layout]")
End If
End If
Pivots_FieldChange = sField
Debug.Print Now() & vbTab & "Pivots_FieldChange:" & vbTab & sField
End Function
Function PivotChange_RecordLayout(pt As PivotTable, ByRef sLayout_New As String) As Boolean
Dim pf As PivotField
For Each pf In pt.PivotFields
With pf
Select Case .Orientation
Case xlRowField, xlColumnField
sLayout_New = sLayout_New & .Name & "|" & .VisibleItems.Count & "|" & .VisibleItems(1).Name & "||"
Case xlPageField
'pf.VisibleItems.Count doesn't work on PageFields
'So for PageFields we’ll record what that PageField’s filter currently displays.
'#DEV# Maybe it's quick to iterate through the .VisibleItems collection (if there is one) and count?
sLayout_New = sLayout_New & .Name & "|" & .LabelRange.Offset(, 1).Value & "|" & .EnableMultiplePageItems & "||"
End Select
End With
Next pf
End Function
Function PivotChange_CompareLayout(pt As PivotTable, ByRef sLayout_New As String, ByRef sLayout_Old As String) As String
Dim i As Long
Dim lng As Long
Dim vLayout_Old As Variant
Dim vLayout_New As Variant
PivotChange_RecordLayout pt, sLayout_New
With pt
lng = InStr(.Summary, "[Layout]")
If lng > 0 Then
sLayout_Old = Mid(.Summary, lng + Len("[Layout]"), InStr(.Summary, "[/Layout]") - Len("[Layout]") - lng)
If sLayout_Old <> sLayout_New Then
vLayout_Old = Split(sLayout_Old, "||")
vLayout_New = Split(sLayout_New, "||")
For i = 0 To UBound(vLayout_Old)
If vLayout_Old(i) <> vLayout_New(i) Then
PivotChange_CompareLayout = Split(vLayout_Old(i), "|")(0)
Exit For
End If
Next i
End If
Else:
'Layout has not yet been recorded.
'Note that we only update .Summary at the end of the main function,
' so we don't wipe the UNDO stack before the PivotChange_UndoCheck routine
End If
End With
End Function
Function PivotChange_EliminationCheck(pt As PivotTable, ByRef sPossibles As String) As String
'Check all the visible fields to see if *just one of them alone* has
' neither .AllItemsVisible = True nor .EnableMultiplePageItems = false.
' If that's the case, then by process of elimination, this field
' must be the one that triggered the change, as changes to any of the
' others would have been identified in the code earlier.
Dim pf As PivotField
Dim lngFields As Long
lngFields = 0
On Error Resume Next ' Need this to handle DataFields and 'Values' field
For Each pf In pt.PivotFields
With pf
If .Orientation > 0 Then 'It's not hidden or a DataField
If .EnableMultiplePageItems And Not .AllItemsVisible Then
If Err.Number = 0 Then
'It *might* be this field
lngFields = lngFields + 1
sPossibles = sPossibles & .Name & ";"
Else: Err.Clear
End If
End If
End If
End With
Next
On Error GoTo 0
If lngFields = 1 Then PivotChange_EliminationCheck = Left(sPossibles, Len(sPossibles) - 1)
End Function
Function PivotChange_UndoCheck(pt As PivotTable, sPossibles) As String
Dim i As Long
Dim dicFields As Object 'This holds a list of all visible pivotfields
Dim dicVisible As Object 'This contains a list of all visible PivotItems for a pf
Dim varKey As Variant
Dim pf As PivotField
Dim pi As PivotItem
Dim bidentified As Boolean
Dim lngVisibleItems As Long
Application.EnableEvents = False
'Create master dictionary
Set dicFields = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary")
'Cycle through all pivotfields, excluding totals
For i = 0 To UBound(Split(sPossibles, ";")) - 1
'Create dicVisible: a dictionary for each visible PivotField that contain visible PivotItems
Set dicVisible = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary")
Set pf = pt.PivotFields(Split(sPossibles, ";")(i))
With pf
If .Orientation <> xlPageField Then
For Each pi In .VisibleItems
With pi
dicVisible.Add .Name, .Name
End With
Next pi
Else:
'Unfortunately the .visibleitems collection isn't available for PageFields
' e.g. SomePageField.VisibleItems.Count always returns 1
' So we'll have to iterate through the pagefield and test the .visible status
' so we can then record just the visible items (which is quite slow)
For Each pi In .PivotItems
With pi
If .Visible Then
dicVisible.Add .Name, .Name
End If
End With
Next pi
End If 'If .Orientation = xlPageField Then
'Write dicVisible to the dicFields master dictionary
dicFields.Add .Name, dicVisible
End With
Next i
Application.Undo
For Each varKey In dicFields.keys
Set pf = pt.PivotFields(varKey)
Set dicVisible = dicFields.Item(varKey)
'Test whether any of the items that were previously hidden are now visible
If pf.Orientation <> xlPageField Then
For Each pi In pf.VisibleItems
With pi
If Not dicVisible.exists(.Name) Then
PivotChange_UndoCheck = pf.Name
bidentified = True
Exit For
End If
End With
Next
Else 'pf.Orientation = xlPageField
lngVisibleItems = dicVisible.Count
i = 0
For Each pi In pf.PivotItems
With pi
If .Visible Then
If Not dicVisible.exists(.Name) Then
PivotChange_UndoCheck = pf.Name
bidentified = True
Exit For
Else: i = i + 1 'this is explained below.
End If
End If
End With
Next
' For non-PageFields, we know that the number of .VisibleItems hasn't changed.
' But we *don't* know that about Pagefields, and an increase in the amount of
' .VisibleItems won't be picked up by our Dictionary approach.
' So we'll check if the overall number of visible items changed
If Not bidentified And i > lngVisibleItems Then
PivotChange_UndoCheck = pf.Name
Exit For
End If
End If
If bidentified Then Exit For
Next
'Resore the original settings
With Application
.CommandBars(14).FindControl(ID:=129).Execute 'Standard Commandbar, Redo command
.EnableEvents = True
End With
End Function
End Sub