对象内对象的打印向量

print vector of objects within an object

我正在尝试打印对象 Order(实际上是 Order 的向量)。 Order 有一些数据成员,包括带有其他对象的向量,Purchase

我可以自己打印 vector<Purchase>cout,如果我忽略 vector<Purchase> 成员,我可以打印 vector<Objects>。但棘手的部分是打印包含 vector<Purchase>vector<Objects>

这是我的代码:

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <fstream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <sstream>

using namespace std;

struct Purchase {
    string name;
    double unit_price;
    int count;
};

struct Order {
    string name;
    string adress;
    double data;
    vector<Purchase> vp;
};

template<typename Iter>   //this is my general print-vector function
ostream& print(Iter it1, Iter it2, ostream& os, string s) {
    while (it1 != it2) {
        os << *it1 << s;
        ++it1;
    }
    return os << "\n";
}

ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, Purchase p) {
    return os << "(" << p.name << ", " << p.unit_price << ", " << p.count << ")";
}

ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, Order o) {
    vector<Purchase> vpo = o.vp;
    ostringstream oss;
    oss << print(vpo.begin(), vpo.end(), oss, ", "); //This is what I would like to do, but the compiler doesn't like this conversion (from ostream& to ostringstream)

    os << o.name << "\n" << o.adress << "\n" << o.data << "\n"
        << oss << "\n";
    return os;
}

int main() {
    ifstream infile("infile.txt");
    vector<Order> vo;
    read_order(infile, vo);  //a function that reads a txt-file into my vector vo
    print(vo.begin(), vo.end(), cout, "");
    return 0;
}

如您所见,我想到了使用 ostringstreams 作为临时变量,我会在将 vector<Purchase> 传递给 ostream& os 之前存储它。但这是不行的。什么是解决这个问题的好方法?

我是 C++ 的新手,只是在学习流的不同用途,所以如果这是一个愚蠢的问题,请多多包涵。

最简单的方法是编写 operator<< 的重载,它采用对 std::vector<Purchase> 的 const 引用,然后将向量流式传输到 ostream:

std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const std::vector<Purchase>& v);

看起来你有两个小错别字。

首先,删除指示的部分:

   oss << print(vpo.begin(), vpo.end(), oss, ", ")
// ↑↑↑↑↑↑↑

然后,稍后在同一函数中,您无法流式传输 stringstream,但可以流式传输用作其底层缓冲区的字符串,因此请使用 std::stringstream::str():

os << o.name << "\n" << o.adress << "\n" << o.data << "\n"
    << oss.str() << "\n";
//        ↑↑↑↑↑↑

有了这些修复,缺失的 read_order 函数被抽象掉,your program compiles