Python 模块 xml.etree.ElementTree 自动修改 xml 命名空间键

Question

我注意到 python ElementTree 模块在以下简单示例中更改了 xml 数据：

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
tree = ET.parse("./input.xml")
tree.write("./output.xml")

我不希望它改变，因为我已经完成了简单的读写测试，没有任何修改。然而，结果显示了不同的故事，尤其是在名称空间索引中（nonage --> ns0 ，d3p1 --> ns1 ， i --> ns2 ）：

input.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<ServerData xmlns:i="http://www.a.org" xmlns="http://schemas.xxx/2004/07/Server.Facades.ImportExport">
<CreationDate>0001-01-01T00:00:00</CreationDate>
<Processes>
    <Processes xmlns:d3p1="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Management.Interfaces">
        <d3p1:ProtectedProcess>
            <d3p1:Description>/Applications/Safari.app/Contents/MacOS/Safari</d3p1:Description>
            <d3p1:DiscoveredMachine i:nil="true" />
            <d3p1:Id>0</d3p1:Id>
            <d3p1:Name>/applications/safari.app/contents/macos/safari</d3p1:Name>
            <d3p1:Path>/Applications/Safari.app/Contents/MacOS/Safari</d3p1:Path>
            <d3p1:ProcessHashes xmlns:d5p1="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Management.Interfaces.WildFire" />
            <d3p1:Status>1</d3p1:Status>
            <d3p1:Type>Protected</d3p1:Type>
        </d3p1:ProtectedProcess>
    </Processes>
</Processes>

和output.xml:

<ns0:ServerData xmlns:ns0="http://schemas.xxx/2004/07/Server.Facades.ImportExport" xmlns:ns1="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Management.Interfaces" xmlns:ns2="http://www.a.org">
<ns0:CreationDate>0001-01-01T00:00:00</ns0:CreationDate>
<ns0:Processes>
    <ns0:Processes>
        <ns1:ProtectedProcess>
            <ns1:Description>/Applications/Safari.app/Contents/MacOS/Safari</ns1:Description>
            <ns1:DiscoveredMachine ns2:nil="true" />
            <ns1:Id>0</ns1:Id>
            <ns1:Name>/applications/safari.app/contents/macos/safari</ns1:Name>
            <ns1:Path>/Applications/Safari.app/Contents/MacOS/Safari</ns1:Path>
            <ns1:ProcessHashes />
            <ns1:Status>1</ns1:Status>
            <ns1:Type>Protected</ns1:Type>
        </ns1:ProtectedProcess>
    </ns0:Processes>
</ns0:Processes>

Answer 1

您需要使用 ElementTree.register_namespace 函数在 reading/writing 和 xml 之前为您的 xml 及其前缀 ElementTree 注册名称空间。示例 -

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

ET.register_namespace('','http://schemas.xxx/2004/07/Server.Facades.ImportExport')
ET.register_namespace('i','http://www.a.org')
ET.register_namespace('d3p1','http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Management.Interfaces')

tree = ET.parse("./input.xml")
tree.write("./output.xml")

没有这个 ElementTree 会为相应的命名空间创建自己的前缀，这就是您的情况。

这是在documentation-

中给出的

xml.etree.ElementTree.register_namespace(prefix, uri)

Registers a namespace prefix. The registry is global, and any existing mapping for either the given prefix or the namespace URI will be removed. prefix is a namespace prefix. uri is a namespace uri. Tags and attributes in this namespace will be serialized with the given prefix, if at all possible.

（强调我的）

Python 模块 xml.etree.ElementTree 自动修改 xml 命名空间键

Python module xml.etree.ElementTree modifies xml namespace keys automatically

python

xml

elementtree

input.xml:

和output.xml: