带spacy的名词短语

Noun phrases with spacy

如何使用 spacy 从文本中提取名词短语?
我指的不是词性标签。 在文档中我找不到任何关于名词短语或常规解析树的信息。

如果您想要基本 NP,即没有协调、介词短语或关系从句的 NP,您可以在 Doc 和 Span 对象上使用 noun_chunks 迭代器:

>>> from spacy.en import English
>>> nlp = English()
>>> doc = nlp(u'The cat and the dog sleep in the basket near the door.')
>>> for np in doc.noun_chunks:
>>>     np.text
u'The cat'
u'the dog'
u'the basket'
u'the door'

如果您需要其他东西,最好的方法是遍历句子中的单词并考虑句法上下文以确定该单词是否控制您想要的短语类型。如果是,产生它的子树:

from spacy.symbols import *

np_labels = set([nsubj, nsubjpass, dobj, iobj, pobj]) # Probably others too
def iter_nps(doc):
    for word in doc:
        if word.dep in np_labels:
            yield word.subtree
import spacy
nlp = spacy.load("en_core_web_sm")
doc =nlp('Bananas are an excellent source of potassium.')
for np in doc.noun_chunks:
    print(np.text)
'''
  Bananas
  an excellent source
  potassium
'''

for word in doc:
    print('word.dep:', word.dep, ' | ', 'word.dep_:', word.dep_)
'''
  word.dep: 429  |  word.dep_: nsubj
  word.dep: 8206900633647566924  |  word.dep_: ROOT
  word.dep: 415  |  word.dep_: det
  word.dep: 402  |  word.dep_: amod
  word.dep: 404  |  word.dep_: attr
  word.dep: 443  |  word.dep_: prep
  word.dep: 439  |  word.dep_: pobj
  word.dep: 445  |  word.dep_: punct
'''

from spacy.symbols import *
np_labels = set([nsubj, nsubjpass, dobj, iobj, pobj])
print('np_labels:', np_labels)
'''
  np_labels: {416, 422, 429, 430, 439}
'''

https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/use-yield-keyword-instead-return-keyword-python/

def iter_nps(doc):
    for word in doc:
        if word.dep in np_labels:
            yield(word.dep_)

iter_nps(doc)
'''
  <generator object iter_nps at 0x7fd7b08b5bd0>
'''

## Modified method:
def iter_nps(doc):
    for word in doc:
        if word.dep in np_labels:
            print(word.text, word.dep_)

iter_nps(doc)
'''
  Bananas nsubj
  potassium pobj
'''

doc = nlp('BRCA1 is a tumor suppressor protein that functions to maintain genomic stability.')
for np in doc.noun_chunks:
    print(np.text)
'''
  BRCA1
  a tumor suppressor protein
  genomic stability
'''

iter_nps(doc)
'''
  BRCA1 nsubj
  that nsubj
  stability dobj
'''

如果您想更准确地指定要提取哪种名词短语,可以使用textacy's matches功能。您可以传递 POS 标签的任意组合。例如,

textacy.extract.matches(doc, "POS:ADP POS:DET:? POS:ADJ:? POS:NOUN:+")

将 return 前面有介词和可选的限定词 and/or 形容词的任何名词。

Textacy 建立在 spacy 之上,因此它们应该可以完美地协同工作。

from spacy.en import English可能会报错

No module named 'spacy.en'

所有语言数据已移至 spacy2.0+

中的子模块 spacy.lang

请使用spacy.lang.en import English

然后执行@syllogism_ 回答的所有剩余步骤

你也可以从这样的句子中得到名词:

    import spacy
    nlp=spacy.load("en_core_web_sm")
    doc=nlp("When Sebastian Thrun started working on self-driving cars at "
    "Google in 2007, few people outside of the company took him "
    "seriously. “I can tell you very senior CEOs of major American "
    "car companies would shake my hand and turn away because I wasn’t "
    "worth talking to,” said Thrun, in an interview with Recode earlier "
    "this week.")
    #doc text is from spacy website
    for x in doc :
    if x.pos_ == "NOUN" or x.pos_ == "PROPN" or x.pos_=="PRON":
    print(x)
    # here you can get Nouns, Proper Nouns and Pronouns