无限 while 循环并计算 java 中的循环错误
Infinite while loop and counting for loop errors in java
我正在尝试创建游戏 nim。我这样做是为了让计算机可以随机从随机行中取出 1-3 张卡片。是不是电脑会做,但是当只剩下一三张牌的时候就会死循环。
主文件。不需要碰
package nimgame;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
/**
*
* @author Angela
*/
public class NimApp extends JFrame implements ActionListener {
private static final int ROWS = 3;
private JTextField[] gameFields; // Where sticks for each row shown
private JTextField rowField; // Where player enters row to select
private JTextField sticksField; // Where player enters sticks to take
private JButton playButton; // Pressed to take sticks
private JButton AIButton; // Pressed to make AI's move
private NimGame nim;
public NimApp() {
// Build the fields for the game play
rowField = new JTextField(5);
sticksField = new JTextField(5);
playButton = new JButton("PLAYER");
AIButton = new JButton("COMPUTER");
playButton.addActionListener(this);
AIButton.addActionListener(this);
AIButton.setEnabled(false);
// Create the layout
JPanel mainPanel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
getContentPane().add(mainPanel);
JPanel sticksPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(3, 1));
mainPanel.add(sticksPanel, BorderLayout.EAST);
JPanel playPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(3, 2));
mainPanel.add(playPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
// Add the fields to the play panel
playPanel.add(new JLabel("Row: ", JLabel.RIGHT));
playPanel.add(rowField);
playPanel.add(new JLabel("Sticks: ", JLabel.RIGHT));
playPanel.add(sticksField);
playPanel.add(playButton);
playPanel.add(AIButton);
// Build the array of textfields to display the sticks
gameFields = new JTextField[ROWS];
for (int i = 0; i < ROWS; i++) {
gameFields[i] = new JTextField(10);
gameFields[i].setEditable(false);
sticksPanel.add(gameFields[i]);
}
setSize(350, 150);
setVisible(true);
setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
nim = new NimGame(new int[]{3, 5, 7});
draw();
}
// Utility function to redraw game
private void draw() {
for (int row = 0; row < ROWS; row++) {
String sticks = "";
for (int j = 0; j < nim.getRow(row); j++) {
sticks += "| ";
}
gameFields[row].setText(sticks);
}
rowField.setText("");
sticksField.setText("");
}
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
// Player move
if (e.getSource() == playButton) {
// Get the row and number of sticks to take
int row = Integer.parseInt(rowField.getText())-1;
int sticks = Integer.parseInt(sticksField.getText());
// Play that move
nim.play(row, sticks);
// Redisplay the board and enable the AI button
draw();
playButton.setEnabled(false);
AIButton.setEnabled(true);
// Determine whether the game is over
if (nim.isOver()) {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "You win!");
playButton.setEnabled(false);
}
}
// Computer move
if (e.getSource() == AIButton) {
// Determine computer move
nim.AIMove();
// Redraw board
draw();
AIButton.setEnabled(false);
playButton.setEnabled(true);
// Is the game over?
if (nim.isOver()) {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "You win!");
playButton.setEnabled(false);
}
}
}
/**
* @param args the command line arguments
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
NimApp a = new NimApp();
}
}
这是对主文件class的支持
package nimgame;
import java.util.Random;
/**
*
* @author Angela
*/
public class NimGame {
int[] Sticks; //creating an array of sticks
int totalSticks=0;
public NimGame(int[] initialSticks){
Sticks = initialSticks;}
public int getRow(int r){
return Sticks[r];}
public void play(int r, int s){
Sticks[r]=Sticks[r]-s;}
这应该是计算板上剩余的所有木棍。如果还剩 1 根棍子,它应该 return 为真,如果棋盘上有一根以上的棍子,它应该为假。我在使用 for 循环并使其正确计数木棍时遇到问题。
public boolean isOver(){
int theTotal = 0;
for (int i =1; i<Sticks.length; i++){
theTotal = totalSticks + Sticks[i];
System.out.println(totalSticks);}
totalSticks = theTotal;
System.out.println(totalSticks);
if (totalSticks<=1){
return true;
}
return false;
此方法应该随机生成一行和一定数量的木棍以供计算机丢弃。这是我获得无限循环的地方。
public void AIMove(){
Random randomInt = new Random ();
int RandomRow = randomInt.nextInt(3);
int RandomDiscard = randomInt.nextInt(3-0)+1;
int randomize=0;
while (RandomDiscard >Sticks[RandomRow] && totalSticks>1){
RandomRow = randomInt.nextInt(3);
RandomDiscard = randomInt.nextInt(3-0)+1;
Sticks[RandomRow]=Sticks[RandomRow]-RandomDiscard;
randomize = 1;}
if (randomize==0)
Sticks[RandomRow]=Sticks[RandomRow]-RandomDiscard;
if (totalSticks <= 1){
Sticks[RandomRow]=Sticks[RandomRow]-1;}
isOver();
}
}
theTotal = totalSticks + Sticks[i];
应该是
theTotal = theTotal + Sticks[i];
此外,for 循环可能应该从索引 0 而不是 1 开始:
for (int i =1; i<Sticks.length; i++){
终止 while
循环的条件是当你在循环主体上有 RandomDiscard > Sticks[RandomRow]
或 totalSticks>1
时 Sticks[RandomRow]
的值至少变小一、保持状态。
要在主体上打破循环,您需要增加 Sticks[RandomRow]
或减少 totalSticks
或将条件更改为 RandomDiscard < Sticks[RandomRow] || totalSticks>1
编辑(晚上 10:18):
查看问题和解决方案,我找到了解决问题的更好方法,这就是我所做的:
public void AIMove(){
Random randomInt = new Random ();
boolean tryRemove = true;
while(tryRemove && totalSticks > 1){
int RandomRow = randomInt.nextInt(3);
if(Sticks[RandomRow] <= 0)//the computer can't remove from this row
continue;
//the max number to remove from row
int size = 3;
if( Sticks[RandomRow] < 3)//this row have lest that 3 cards
size = Sticks[RandomROw];//make the max number to remove from the row be the number of cards on the row
int RandomDiscard = randomInt.nextInt(size) + 1;
Sticks[RandomRow] = Sticks[RandomRow] - RandomDiscard;
//I don't know if this is needed, but since we remove a RandomDiscard amount lest decrease the totalSticks
totalSticks = totalSticks - RandomDiscard;
//exit loop
tryRemove = false;
}
if(totalSticks <= 1){
Sticks[RandomRow]=Sticks[RandomRow]-1;
isOver();
}
}
我所做的是将随机循环和 if 语句组合在一个循环中。
我正在尝试创建游戏 nim。我这样做是为了让计算机可以随机从随机行中取出 1-3 张卡片。是不是电脑会做,但是当只剩下一三张牌的时候就会死循环。
主文件。不需要碰
package nimgame;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
/**
*
* @author Angela
*/
public class NimApp extends JFrame implements ActionListener {
private static final int ROWS = 3;
private JTextField[] gameFields; // Where sticks for each row shown
private JTextField rowField; // Where player enters row to select
private JTextField sticksField; // Where player enters sticks to take
private JButton playButton; // Pressed to take sticks
private JButton AIButton; // Pressed to make AI's move
private NimGame nim;
public NimApp() {
// Build the fields for the game play
rowField = new JTextField(5);
sticksField = new JTextField(5);
playButton = new JButton("PLAYER");
AIButton = new JButton("COMPUTER");
playButton.addActionListener(this);
AIButton.addActionListener(this);
AIButton.setEnabled(false);
// Create the layout
JPanel mainPanel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
getContentPane().add(mainPanel);
JPanel sticksPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(3, 1));
mainPanel.add(sticksPanel, BorderLayout.EAST);
JPanel playPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(3, 2));
mainPanel.add(playPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
// Add the fields to the play panel
playPanel.add(new JLabel("Row: ", JLabel.RIGHT));
playPanel.add(rowField);
playPanel.add(new JLabel("Sticks: ", JLabel.RIGHT));
playPanel.add(sticksField);
playPanel.add(playButton);
playPanel.add(AIButton);
// Build the array of textfields to display the sticks
gameFields = new JTextField[ROWS];
for (int i = 0; i < ROWS; i++) {
gameFields[i] = new JTextField(10);
gameFields[i].setEditable(false);
sticksPanel.add(gameFields[i]);
}
setSize(350, 150);
setVisible(true);
setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
nim = new NimGame(new int[]{3, 5, 7});
draw();
}
// Utility function to redraw game
private void draw() {
for (int row = 0; row < ROWS; row++) {
String sticks = "";
for (int j = 0; j < nim.getRow(row); j++) {
sticks += "| ";
}
gameFields[row].setText(sticks);
}
rowField.setText("");
sticksField.setText("");
}
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
// Player move
if (e.getSource() == playButton) {
// Get the row and number of sticks to take
int row = Integer.parseInt(rowField.getText())-1;
int sticks = Integer.parseInt(sticksField.getText());
// Play that move
nim.play(row, sticks);
// Redisplay the board and enable the AI button
draw();
playButton.setEnabled(false);
AIButton.setEnabled(true);
// Determine whether the game is over
if (nim.isOver()) {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "You win!");
playButton.setEnabled(false);
}
}
// Computer move
if (e.getSource() == AIButton) {
// Determine computer move
nim.AIMove();
// Redraw board
draw();
AIButton.setEnabled(false);
playButton.setEnabled(true);
// Is the game over?
if (nim.isOver()) {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "You win!");
playButton.setEnabled(false);
}
}
}
/**
* @param args the command line arguments
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
NimApp a = new NimApp();
}
}
这是对主文件class的支持
package nimgame;
import java.util.Random;
/**
*
* @author Angela
*/
public class NimGame {
int[] Sticks; //creating an array of sticks
int totalSticks=0;
public NimGame(int[] initialSticks){
Sticks = initialSticks;}
public int getRow(int r){
return Sticks[r];}
public void play(int r, int s){
Sticks[r]=Sticks[r]-s;}
这应该是计算板上剩余的所有木棍。如果还剩 1 根棍子,它应该 return 为真,如果棋盘上有一根以上的棍子,它应该为假。我在使用 for 循环并使其正确计数木棍时遇到问题。
public boolean isOver(){
int theTotal = 0;
for (int i =1; i<Sticks.length; i++){
theTotal = totalSticks + Sticks[i];
System.out.println(totalSticks);}
totalSticks = theTotal;
System.out.println(totalSticks);
if (totalSticks<=1){
return true;
}
return false;
此方法应该随机生成一行和一定数量的木棍以供计算机丢弃。这是我获得无限循环的地方。
public void AIMove(){
Random randomInt = new Random ();
int RandomRow = randomInt.nextInt(3);
int RandomDiscard = randomInt.nextInt(3-0)+1;
int randomize=0;
while (RandomDiscard >Sticks[RandomRow] && totalSticks>1){
RandomRow = randomInt.nextInt(3);
RandomDiscard = randomInt.nextInt(3-0)+1;
Sticks[RandomRow]=Sticks[RandomRow]-RandomDiscard;
randomize = 1;}
if (randomize==0)
Sticks[RandomRow]=Sticks[RandomRow]-RandomDiscard;
if (totalSticks <= 1){
Sticks[RandomRow]=Sticks[RandomRow]-1;}
isOver();
}
}
theTotal = totalSticks + Sticks[i];
应该是
theTotal = theTotal + Sticks[i];
此外,for 循环可能应该从索引 0 而不是 1 开始:
for (int i =1; i<Sticks.length; i++){
终止 while
循环的条件是当你在循环主体上有 RandomDiscard > Sticks[RandomRow]
或 totalSticks>1
时 Sticks[RandomRow]
的值至少变小一、保持状态。
要在主体上打破循环,您需要增加 Sticks[RandomRow]
或减少 totalSticks
或将条件更改为 RandomDiscard < Sticks[RandomRow] || totalSticks>1
编辑(晚上 10:18): 查看问题和解决方案,我找到了解决问题的更好方法,这就是我所做的:
public void AIMove(){
Random randomInt = new Random ();
boolean tryRemove = true;
while(tryRemove && totalSticks > 1){
int RandomRow = randomInt.nextInt(3);
if(Sticks[RandomRow] <= 0)//the computer can't remove from this row
continue;
//the max number to remove from row
int size = 3;
if( Sticks[RandomRow] < 3)//this row have lest that 3 cards
size = Sticks[RandomROw];//make the max number to remove from the row be the number of cards on the row
int RandomDiscard = randomInt.nextInt(size) + 1;
Sticks[RandomRow] = Sticks[RandomRow] - RandomDiscard;
//I don't know if this is needed, but since we remove a RandomDiscard amount lest decrease the totalSticks
totalSticks = totalSticks - RandomDiscard;
//exit loop
tryRemove = false;
}
if(totalSticks <= 1){
Sticks[RandomRow]=Sticks[RandomRow]-1;
isOver();
}
}
我所做的是将随机循环和 if 语句组合在一个循环中。