Java，在 JApplet 中为静止图像制作动画
Java, animate a still image in a JApplet
我正在做一项作业，我基本上已经完成了这项作业，它只是一个简单的程序，用于创建图像映射并向热点添加一些音频，我还有几天时间，我正在做尝试 "animate" 图像。
这是一张汽车仪表板的图片，当用户点击点火开关时，我想看看是否有办法让图像抖动一秒钟。我试过在这里和 google 上四处寻找，但每次搜索时，我得到的都是 90 年代关于 applet 而不是 JApplet 的文章。
如果您能为我指明如何 "animate" 图片的正确方向，或者甚至指向可能有教程的地方，我将不胜感激！
如果你想看看我在说什么并且无论如何都可以帮助我，这是我的代码。
public class ImageMap extends JApplet implements MouseListener{
private Image pic;
private Container contentPane;
private JLabel directions;
private Rectangle horn;
private Rectangle vent;
private Rectangle doorLocksUpper;
private Rectangle window;
private Rectangle radio;
private Rectangle ignition;
private int x, y;
private AudioClip hornSound, airSound, radioClip, lockSound1, lockSound2, ignitionSound;
public void init() {
pic = getImage(getCodeBase(), "CarDash.jpg");
horn = new Rectangle(250, 142, 105,104);
vent = new Rectangle(514, 159, 204, 72);
doorLocksUpper = new Rectangle(80, 167, 104, 58);
window = new Rectangle(122, 243, 88, 55);
radio = new Rectangle(514, 234, 176, 171);
ignition = new Rectangle(465, 217, 42, 43);
directions = new JLabel("CLICK ON: Horn, Door Locks, Air Vents, Radio & Ignition Push Start");
//Create components
contentPane = getContentPane();
contentPane.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
contentPane.add(directions, BorderLayout.NORTH);
contentPane.addMouseListener(this);
}
//Display image on applet window
public void paint(Graphics g) {
g.drawImage(pic, 0, 40, this);
}
public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent me) {
//Play horn clip when car horn is clicked.
if(horn.contains(me.getX(), me.getY())) {
play(getCodeBase(), "HornSound.wav");
}
if(vent.contains(me.getX(), me.getY())) {
play(getCodeBase(), "AirVent.wav");
}
if(ignition.contains(me.getX(), me.getY())) {
play(getCodeBase(), "Ignition.wav");
}
if(doorLocksUpper.contains(me.getX(), me.getY())) {
play(getCodeBase(), "DoorLocks.wav");
}
if(radio.contains(me.getX(), me.getY())) {
play(getCodeBase(), "BrownSugar.mid");
}
if(window.contains(me.getX(), me.getY())) {
play(getCodeBase(), "Window.wav");
}
}
public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent me) {}
public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent me) {}
public void mouseExited(MouseEvent me) {}
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent me) {}
}
这里有一个非常快速和有用的提示，不要像小程序一样直接绘制到顶级容器。它将您困在一个单一的用例中，这并不总是使修改或重用变得更容易。
相反，首先使用 JPanel 之类的东西作为您的主要容器，有了这个，您可以将它添加到任何您喜欢的东西，小程序，window，其他一些容器。
虽然有多种方法可以在 Swing 中制作动画，但最简单（通常也是最安全）的方法之一是使用 Swing Timer。
这个例子简单地使用了一个 Swing Timer，设置为每 16 毫秒更新一次（这对于我的捕获软件来说已经快了 :P），当你点击面板时它就会启动。计时器只是更新一个偏移值，该偏移值隔离正值和负值。 Timer 利用 LocalTime 计算 Timer 的时间长度 运行 在一秒后停止
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.time.Duration;
import java.time.LocalTime;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.Timer;
import javax.swing.UIManager;
import javax.swing.UnsupportedLookAndFeelException;
public class ShakeAnimation {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new ShakeAnimation();
}
public ShakeAnimation() {
EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName());
} catch (ClassNotFoundException | InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
JFrame frame = new JFrame("Testing");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.add(new ShakePane());
frame.pack();
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
});
}
public class ShakePane extends JPanel {
private Timer timer;
private LocalTime startTime;
private int xOffset = 0;
private int delta = 8;
private BufferedImage img;
public ShakePane() {
try {
img = ImageIO.read(getClass().getResource("Duke-Thumbs.jpg"));
} catch (IOException exp) {
exp.printStackTrace();
}
timer = new Timer(16, new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
Duration duration = Duration.between(startTime, LocalTime.now());
if (duration.getSeconds() >= 1) {
timer.stop();
xOffset = 0;
} else {
xOffset *= -1;
}
repaint();
}
});
addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() {
@Override
public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
if (!timer.isRunning()) {
xOffset = delta;
startTime = LocalTime.now();
timer.start();
}
}
});
}
@Override
public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
return new Dimension(400, 400);
}
@Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
if (img != null) {
Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g.create();
int x = ((getWidth() - img.getWidth()) / 2) + xOffset;
int y = (getHeight() - img.getHeight()) / 2;
g2d.drawImage(img, x, y, this);
g2d.dispose();
}
}
}
}
有关详细信息，请参阅 How to use Swing Timers
我正在做一项作业，我基本上已经完成了这项作业，它只是一个简单的程序，用于创建图像映射并向热点添加一些音频，我还有几天时间，我正在做尝试 "animate" 图像。
这是一张汽车仪表板的图片，当用户点击点火开关时，我想看看是否有办法让图像抖动一秒钟。我试过在这里和 google 上四处寻找，但每次搜索时，我得到的都是 90 年代关于 applet 而不是 JApplet 的文章。
如果您能为我指明如何 "animate" 图片的正确方向，或者甚至指向可能有教程的地方，我将不胜感激！
如果你想看看我在说什么并且无论如何都可以帮助我，这是我的代码。
public class ImageMap extends JApplet implements MouseListener{
private Image pic;
private Container contentPane;
private JLabel directions;
private Rectangle horn;
private Rectangle vent;
private Rectangle doorLocksUpper;
private Rectangle window;
private Rectangle radio;
private Rectangle ignition;
private int x, y;
private AudioClip hornSound, airSound, radioClip, lockSound1, lockSound2, ignitionSound;
public void init() {
pic = getImage(getCodeBase(), "CarDash.jpg");
horn = new Rectangle(250, 142, 105,104);
vent = new Rectangle(514, 159, 204, 72);
doorLocksUpper = new Rectangle(80, 167, 104, 58);
window = new Rectangle(122, 243, 88, 55);
radio = new Rectangle(514, 234, 176, 171);
ignition = new Rectangle(465, 217, 42, 43);
directions = new JLabel("CLICK ON: Horn, Door Locks, Air Vents, Radio & Ignition Push Start");
//Create components
contentPane = getContentPane();
contentPane.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
contentPane.add(directions, BorderLayout.NORTH);
contentPane.addMouseListener(this);
}
//Display image on applet window
public void paint(Graphics g) {
g.drawImage(pic, 0, 40, this);
}
public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent me) {
//Play horn clip when car horn is clicked.
if(horn.contains(me.getX(), me.getY())) {
play(getCodeBase(), "HornSound.wav");
}
if(vent.contains(me.getX(), me.getY())) {
play(getCodeBase(), "AirVent.wav");
}
if(ignition.contains(me.getX(), me.getY())) {
play(getCodeBase(), "Ignition.wav");
}
if(doorLocksUpper.contains(me.getX(), me.getY())) {
play(getCodeBase(), "DoorLocks.wav");
}
if(radio.contains(me.getX(), me.getY())) {
play(getCodeBase(), "BrownSugar.mid");
}
if(window.contains(me.getX(), me.getY())) {
play(getCodeBase(), "Window.wav");
}
}
public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent me) {}
public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent me) {}
public void mouseExited(MouseEvent me) {}
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent me) {}
}
这里有一个非常快速和有用的提示，不要像小程序一样直接绘制到顶级容器。它将您困在一个单一的用例中，这并不总是使修改或重用变得更容易。
相反，首先使用 JPanel 之类的东西作为您的主要容器，有了这个，您可以将它添加到任何您喜欢的东西，小程序，window，其他一些容器。
虽然有多种方法可以在 Swing 中制作动画，但最简单（通常也是最安全）的方法之一是使用 Swing Timer。
这个例子简单地使用了一个 Swing Timer，设置为每 16 毫秒更新一次（这对于我的捕获软件来说已经快了 :P），当你点击面板时它就会启动。计时器只是更新一个偏移值，该偏移值隔离正值和负值。 Timer 利用 LocalTime 计算 Timer 的时间长度 运行 在一秒后停止
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.time.Duration;
import java.time.LocalTime;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.Timer;
import javax.swing.UIManager;
import javax.swing.UnsupportedLookAndFeelException;
public class ShakeAnimation {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new ShakeAnimation();
}
public ShakeAnimation() {
EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName());
} catch (ClassNotFoundException | InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
JFrame frame = new JFrame("Testing");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.add(new ShakePane());
frame.pack();
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
});
}
public class ShakePane extends JPanel {
private Timer timer;
private LocalTime startTime;
private int xOffset = 0;
private int delta = 8;
private BufferedImage img;
public ShakePane() {
try {
img = ImageIO.read(getClass().getResource("Duke-Thumbs.jpg"));
} catch (IOException exp) {
exp.printStackTrace();
}
timer = new Timer(16, new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
Duration duration = Duration.between(startTime, LocalTime.now());
if (duration.getSeconds() >= 1) {
timer.stop();
xOffset = 0;
} else {
xOffset *= -1;
}
repaint();
}
});
addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() {
@Override
public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
if (!timer.isRunning()) {
xOffset = delta;
startTime = LocalTime.now();
timer.start();
}
}
});
}
@Override
public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
return new Dimension(400, 400);
}
@Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
if (img != null) {
Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g.create();
int x = ((getWidth() - img.getWidth()) / 2) + xOffset;
int y = (getHeight() - img.getHeight()) / 2;
g2d.drawImage(img, x, y, this);
g2d.dispose();
}
}
}
}
有关详细信息，请参阅 How to use Swing Timers