如何测试视图是否仅由 Django 中的员工用户访问

Question

我正在学习 Django 中的测试，并且有一个我想测试的视图。此视图只能由员工用户访问。假设视图是：

def staff_users(request):
    ....
    # some logic

    return HttpResponseRedirect('/repositories/')

如果请求来自员工用户，它应该重定向到存储库，否则我应该得到类似 permission denied 的内容。我从 tests.py 中的内容开始。

 def test_request_object(self):
        self.user = User.objects.create_user(
        username='abc', email='abc@gmail.com', password='1234')
        request = HttpRequest()
        # User send a request to access repositories
        response = staff_users(request)
        self.assertIsNone(response)

这里的问题是我没有将我的请求对象与任何用户相关联，我也了解了 from django.contrib.admin.views.decorators import staff_member_required 但不确定如何在这里使用它们。谁能告诉我应该如何测试我的 view 应该只被 staff users 访问？

Answer 1

您只需decorate您想要保护的视图，如下所示：

@staff_member_required
def staff_users(request):
    ....
    # some logic

    return HttpResponseRedirect('/repositories/')

如果您想要自定义测试逻辑而不是使用 django 装饰器，那么您也可以编写自己的装饰器。

def staff_users_only(function):
  def wrap(request, *args, **kwargs):

        profile = request.session['user_profile']
        if profile is True: #then its a staff member
             return function(request, *args, **kwargs)
        else:
            return HttpResponseRedirect('/')

  wrap.__doc__=function.__doc__
  wrap.__name__=function.__name__
  return wrap

并将其用作：

@staff_users_only
def staff_users(request):
    ....
    # some logic

    return HttpResponseRedirect('/repositories/')

编辑

sessions 与测试请求对象的关联可以按以下方式完成：

def test_request_object(self):
    self.user = User.objects.create_user(
    username='abc', email='abc@gmail.com', password='1234')
    request = HttpRequest()
    #create a session which will hold the user profile that will be used in by our custom decorator
    request.session = {} #Session middleware is not available in UnitTest hence create a blank dictionary for testing purpose
    request.session['user_profile'] = self.user.is_staff #assuming its django user.

    # User send a request to access repositories
    response = staff_users(request)

    #Check the response type for appropriate action
    self.assertIsNone(response)

编辑 2

此外，使用 django Client 库进行测试会是一个更好的主意：

>>> from django.test import Client
>>> c = Client()
>>> response = c.post('/login/', {'username': 'abc', 'password': '1234'})
>>> response.status_code
200
>>> response = c.get('/user/protected-page/')
>>> response.content
b'<!DOCTYPE html...

如何测试视图是否仅由 Django 中的员工用户访问

How to test that a view is only accessed by staff users in Django

python

django

django-testing

python-decorators

django-tests