内联元素的填充

Padding for Inline Elements

我正在读一本关于 CSS 基础知识的书。书中声称内联元素具有完整的padding属性,但没有margin-top/bottom属性,只有margin-left/right属性.

我的第一个问题是,在哪里可以找到这个官方声明?我发现 here 如果 margin-top/bottom 设置为 auto 则设置为 0。但这与说 margin-top/bottom 不适用于内联元素没有区别吗?

我的第二个问题是,内联元素真的有完整的填充属性吗?我尝试了以下示例:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head> </head>

<body>
  <div style="margin: 20px; border: solid 20px;background: red;">
    <p style="margin:0">
      test test test test test test test test test test test test test test test test test test test test test test test test
      <strong style="padding:20px;background-color:yellow">hello</strong> test test test test
    </p>
  </div>
</body>

</html>

现在,这表明填充实际上以某种方式起作用,但出于某种原因,padding-toppadding-bottom 对周围的文本没有影响。这是为什么? W3 标准中是否提到了这一点?

but for some reason it has no effect on the surrounding text

尝试在 strong 元素处用 margin 替换 padding,将 display:inline-block 添加到 strong 样式

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
  <div style="margin: 20px;
          border: solid 20px;
          background: red;">
    <p style='margin:0'>test test test test test test test test test test test test test test test test test test test test test test test test
      <strong style="margin:20px;background-color:yellow;display:inline-block;">hello</strong>
      test test test test</p>
  </div>
</body>
</html>

My first question is, where can I find this as an official statement? I found here that if margin-top/bottom is set to 'auto' then it is set to '0'. But isn't that different from saying 'margin-top/botton does not apply to inline-elements'?

在 8.1 盒子模型规范中 (http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-CSS2/box.html#propdef-margin) "The margin edge surrounds the box margin. If the margin has 0 width(height), the margin edge is the same as the border edge."

在您链接的页面中 10.6.1 "The 'height' property doesn't apply, but the height of the box is given by the 'line-height' property." 因此,由于高度不适用,因此边距与边框边缘相同。

My second question is, does an inline element really got complete padding properties? I tried the following example:

同上。 "the height of the box is given by the 'line-height' property"。该强元素的高度由 line-height 设置,因为它没有像块或内联块元素那样可以参考的高度。我很确定如果你给它 inline-block 属性它会作为一个块在模型中有高度。

It is claimed in the book that an inline element has complete padding properties but no margin-top/button properties, only margin-left/right properties.

My first question is, where can I find this as an official statement?

你不会,因为这不是真的。在 box model 它说对于 margin-top 和 margin-bottom:

These properties have no effect on non-replaced inline elements.

但是"no effect"并不意味着属性不存在。具体来说,它们的存在确实是为了继承。考虑这个例子:

p { border:1px solid red }
i { vertical-align:top; }
span { margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px;  }
b { display:inline-block; }
.two { margin:inherit;  }
<p><i>Hello</i> <span>World <b class="one">my good friend</b></span></p>
<p><i>Hello</i> <span>World <b class="two">my good friend</b></span></p>

我们可以看到带有class "two"的b元素继承了inline, non-replaced span元素的margin top和bottom属性,并且由于那个b元素是inline-block, margin-top 和 bottom 确实会导致布局差异。如果跨度上不存在 margin-top 和 bottom 属性,那将是不可能的。