获取文件中存在的单词的行号

Question

我有两个文件：

文件 1：

military  troop deployment number need  

文件 2：

foreign 1242
military 23020
firing  03848
troop 2939
number 0032
dog 1234
cat 12030
need w1212

我想从文件 1 中读取行并打印这些单词和它们在文件 2 中的行号。

我的输出应该是这样的：

military 2, troop 4, deployment <does not exist>, number 5, need 8

我试过代码：

words= 'military  troop  deployment  number  need'
sent = words.split()
print sent

with open("file2","r") as f1:
    for line_num,line in enumerate(f1):
        if any([word in line for word in sent]):
             print line_num, line

这是打印这些词所在的所有行。除此之外，它还打印预军事、不必要等字样。我只需要那些确切的字词和它们的行号。请帮助

Answer 1

你打印错了。你想打印这个词而不是整行。此外，如果您使用 any，您不知道匹配的是哪个词。

这里有两种方法。第一个不检测空条目。

words= 'military  troop  deployment  number  need'
sent = words.split()

matched = []
with open("file2","r") as f1:
    for i, line in enumerate(f1):
        for word in sent:
            if word in line:
                matched.append('%s %d' % (word, i + 1))

print ', '.join(matched)

输出：

military 2, troop 4, number 5, need 8

---

如果您还想打印空条目。

words= 'military  troop  deployment  number  need'
sent = words.split()

linenos = {}

with open("file2","r") as f1:
    for i, line in enumerate(f1):
        for word in sent:
            if word in line:
                linenos[word] = i + 1

matched2 = []
for word in sent:
    if word in linenos:
        matched2.append('%s %d' % (word, linenos[word]))
    else:
        matched2.append('%s <does not exist>' % word)
print ', '.join(matched2)

输出：

military 2, troop 4, deployment <does not exist>, number 5, need 8

处理一个单词的多次出现并只打印第一行。

words= 'military  troop  deployment  number  need'
sent = words.split()
linenos = {}

with open("file2", "r") as f1:
    for i, line in enumerate(f1):
        for word in sent:
            if word in line:
                if word in linenos:
                    linenos[word].append(i + 1)
                else:
                    linenos[word] = [i + 1]

matched2 = []
for word in sent:
    if word in linenos:
        matched2.append('%s %r' % (word, linenos[word][0]))
    else:
        matched2.append('%s <does not exist>' % word)

print ', '.join(matched2)

输出与前面的示例相同。