如何根据其基数 class 在 class 中指定个人

Question

我创建了这个 ontology，其中包含两个 classes Car、Person 和对象属性 hasCar，其中 Person 作为域，Car 作为范围。

我想在 multiCarOwner 和 OnlyCar person 中 classify individuals(Persons)，这是代表这个的 ontology：

<?xml version="1.0"?>


<!DOCTYPE rdf:RDF [
<!ENTITY owl "http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#" >
<!ENTITY xsd "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#" >
<!ENTITY rdfs "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" >
<!ENTITY rdf "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" >
]>


<rdf:RDF xmlns="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#"
 xml:base="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl"
 xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
 xmlns:owl="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#"
 xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"
 xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#">
<owl:Ontology rdf:about="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl"/>



<!-- 
   ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Object Properties
//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 -->




<!-- http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#hasCar -->

<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="http://www.owl-  ontologies.com/Car.owl#hasCar">
    <rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#Car"/>
    <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#Person"/>
</owl:ObjectProperty>



<!-- 
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Classes
//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 -->




<!-- http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#Car -->

<owl:Class rdf:about="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#Car"/>



<!-- http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#CarOwner -->

<owl:Class rdf:about="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#CarOwner">
    <owl:equivalentClass>
        <owl:Class>
            <owl:intersectionOf rdf:parseType="Collection">
                <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#Person"/>
                <owl:Restriction>
                    <owl:onProperty rdf:resource="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#hasCar"/>
                    <owl:allValuesFrom rdf:resource="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#Car"/>
                </owl:Restriction>
                <owl:Restriction>
                    <owl:onProperty rdf:resource="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#hasCar"/>
                    <owl:minCardinality rdf:datatype="&xsd;nonNegativeInteger">1</owl:minCardinality>
                </owl:Restriction>
            </owl:intersectionOf>
        </owl:Class>
    </owl:equivalentClass>
</owl:Class>



<!-- http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#MultiCarOwner -->

<owl:Class rdf:about="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#MultiCarOwner">
    <owl:equivalentClass>
        <owl:Class>
            <owl:intersectionOf rdf:parseType="Collection">
                <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#CarOwner"/>
                <owl:Restriction>
                    <owl:onProperty rdf:resource="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#hasCar"/>
                    <owl:minCardinality rdf:datatype="&xsd;nonNegativeInteger">2</owl:minCardinality>
                </owl:Restriction>
            </owl:intersectionOf>
        </owl:Class>
    </owl:equivalentClass>
</owl:Class>



<!-- http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#OnlyCar -->

<owl:Class rdf:about="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#OnlyCar">
    <owl:equivalentClass>
        <owl:Class>
            <owl:intersectionOf rdf:parseType="Collection">
                <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#CarOwner"/>
                <owl:Restriction>
                    <owl:onProperty rdf:resource="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#hasCar"/>
                    <owl:onClass rdf:resource="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#Car"/>
                    <owl:qualifiedCardinality rdf:datatype="&xsd;nonNegativeInteger">1</owl:qualifiedCardinality>
                </owl:Restriction>
            </owl:intersectionOf>
        </owl:Class>
    </owl:equivalentClass>
    <rdfs:subClassOf>
        <owl:Restriction>
            <owl:onProperty rdf:resource="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#hasCar"/>
            <owl:onClass rdf:resource="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#Car"/>
            <owl:qualifiedCardinality rdf:datatype="&xsd;nonNegativeInteger">1</owl:qualifiedCardinality>
        </owl:Restriction>
    </rdfs:subClassOf>
</owl:Class>



<!-- http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#Person -->

<owl:Class rdf:about="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#Person"/>



<!-- 
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Individuals
//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 -->




<!-- http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#Alice -->

<owl:NamedIndividual rdf:about="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#Alice">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#Person"/>
    <hasCar rdf:resource="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#Car_2"/>
    <hasCar rdf:resource="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#Car_7"/>
</owl:NamedIndividual>



<!-- http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#Bob -->

<owl:NamedIndividual rdf:about="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#Bob">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#Person"/>
    <hasCar rdf:resource="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#Car_2"/>
</owl:NamedIndividual>



<!-- http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#Car_2 -->

<owl:NamedIndividual rdf:about="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#Car_2">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#Car"/>
</owl:NamedIndividual>



<!-- http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#Car_7 -->

<owl:NamedIndividual rdf:about="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#Car_7">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#Car"/>
</owl:NamedIndividual>



<!-- 
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// General axioms
//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 -->

<rdf:Description>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="&owl;AllDifferent"/>
    <owl:distinctMembers rdf:parseType="Collection">
        <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#Car_2"/>
        <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.owl-ontologies.com/Car.owl#Car_7"/>
    </owl:distinctMembers>
</rdf:Description>

但是，当我创建个人时，推理器没有给我想要的结果，我希望 "OnlyCar" class 的成员为："individuals with exactly 1 Car."

推理的结果是偏的，因为protegé中的个体标签显示如下：

上图显示 "Bob" 个人作为 CarOwner 会员，但我希望 "bob" 成为 "onlyCar" class.

的会员

-我遇到了 OWA 问题？ -有办法完成我想要的吗？

Answer 1

The images above show the "Bob" individual as a CarOwner member but i want that "bob" as member of "onlyCar" class. -I am facing an OWA problem ? -There is a way to accomplish what i want?

你说过鲍勃拥有一辆车，但你没有说过鲍勃没有拥有任何其他汽车。话虽如此，你不能确定他只有一辆车。您需要向 bob 添加另一个类型断言，即：

hasCar only {Car_2}

那么，既然你知道他拥有Car_2而且你知道他只拥有 Car_2，你将能够推断 bob 是

的一个元素

hasCar exactly 1 Car

如何根据其基数 class 在 class 中指定个人

How to classificate individuals in a class according to its cardinality

owl

protege4

reasoning

swrl