从 PL/SQL 块中的字符串变量创建用户

Question

我使用 Oracle XE 的唯一目的是开发 PHP 应用程序，而 11g 版显然已经失去了 10g 曾经拥有的用于管理用户的 GUI 工具，所以我想准备一个代码片段来创建来自命令行的用户。我正在尝试 define variables，这样我就不需要输入相同的用户名 16 次，但语法不正确：

DECLARE
    my_user VARCHAR2(30) := 'foo';
    my_password VARCHAR2(9) := '1234';
BEGIN
    CREATE USER my_user IDENTIFIED BY my_password DEFAULT TABLESPACE users;

    GRANT CONNECT, RESOURCE TO my_user;
    GRANT CREATE DATABASE LINK TO my_user;
    GRANT CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW TO my_user;
    GRANT CREATE PROCEDURE TO my_user;
    GRANT CREATE PUBLIC SYNONYM TO my_user;
    GRANT CREATE ROLE TO my_user;
    GRANT CREATE SEQUENCE TO my_user;
    GRANT CREATE SYNONYM TO my_user;
    GRANT CREATE TABLE TO my_user;
    GRANT CREATE TRIGGER TO my_user;
    GRANT CREATE TYPE TO my_user;
    GRANT CREATE VIEW TO my_user;

    GRANT SELECT_CATALOG_ROLE TO my_user;
    GRANT SELECT ANY DICTIONARY TO my_user;
END;
/

        CREATE USER my_user IDENTIFIED BY my_password DEFAULT TABLESPACE users;
        *
ERROR en línea 5:
ORA-06550: line 5, column 2:
PLS-00103: Encountered the symbol "CREATE" when expecting one of the following:
( begin case declare exit for goto if loop mod null pragma
raise return select update while with <an identifier>
<a double-quoted delimited-identifier> <a bind variable> <<
continue close current delete fetch lock insert open rollback
savepoint set sql execute commit forall merge pipe purge

是否禁止在 PL/SQL 块中使用 CREATE USER 语句，或者我只是犯了一个愚蠢的错字？是否必须使用 SQL*Plus 变量？

Answer 1

PLS-00103: Encountered the symbol "CREATE" when expecting one of the following:

上面的错误是因为你在PL/SQL里面使用了DDL。你不能这样做。您必须（绝对）使用 EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 在 PL/SQL 中发出 DDL 语句。 =22=]

例如，

SQL> DECLARE
  2    my_user     VARCHAR2(30) := 'foo';
  3    my_password VARCHAR2(9)  := '1234';
  4  BEGIN
  5    EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'CREATE USER '||my_user||' IDENTIFIED BY '||my_password;
  6    EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'GRANT CREATE SESSION TO '||my_user;
  7  END;
  8  /

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> conn foo/1234@pdborcl
Connected.
SQL> SHOW USER
USER is "FOO"

来自 documentation、

的快速参考

Executing DDL and SCL Statements in PL/SQL

Only dynamic SQL can execute the following types of statements within PL/SQL program units:

Data definition language (DDL) statements such as CREATE, DROP, GRANT, and REVOKE

Session control language (SCL) statements such as ALTER SESSION and SET ROLE

The TABLE clause in the SELECT statement

旁注，

创建用户和授予权限通常是 数据库管理 任务，由 DBA 负责。它不是通过 PL/SQL 程序频繁完成的 activity。 DBA 一次性创建用户并授予必要的权限 activity.

从 PL/SQL 块中的字符串变量创建用户

Create user from string variables in a PL/SQL block

oracle

ddl

plsql

oracle-xe

oracle11g