MagicMock return 基于输入的值

MagicMock return value based on input

我正在尝试将我的测试从 flexmock 重构为 mock。给出来自 flexmock 的以下语法:

flexmock(subprocess).should_receive('check_output').with_args('ls /').and_return(output)

如何使用 Mock 重写它?特别是,如何使用 Mock 将 return 值固定到特定输入?

您可以使用 side_effect patch 属性来完成:

>>> from unittest.mock import *
>>> root = '''bin   cdrom  etc   initrd.img  lib32  libx32      media  opt   root  sbin  sys  usr  vmlinuz
... boot  dev    home  lib         lib64  lost+found  mnt    proc  run   srv   tmp  var'''
>>> answer = {'ls /': root}
>>> import subprocess

>>> with patch('subprocess.check_output', side_effect=lambda arg, *args, **kwargs: answer[arg]) as mock_check_output :
...     assert root == subprocess.check_output('ls /')
...     mock_check_output.assert_called_with('ls /')
...     subprocess.check_output('something else')
... 
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 4, in <module>
  File "/usr/lib/python3.4/unittest/mock.py", line 896, in __call__
    return _mock_self._mock_call(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.4/unittest/mock.py", line 962, in _mock_call
    ret_val = effect(*args, **kwargs)
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <lambda>
KeyError: 'something else'
>>> 

我很确定你会发现它比 flexmock 的语法更难一些,但你需要的是存根而不是模拟。如果您可以将测试设计为隔离并在某个设置阶段配置 mock/stub,您可能会发现这种语法很好,并且所有 mock 断言和 patch 选项都非常强大。