多单元格的值错误问题 Dimensions must be equal, but are 20 and 13

Question

我正在使用 python 3.6.5 和 tensorflow 1.8.0 此时神经元的 Nr 为 10，本例中的输入为 3

我已经建立了一个循环神经网络，现在想改进它。我需要一些帮助！

这里是重现我的错误的代码的一小段摘录：您也可以用 LSTM 或 GRU 替换 BasicRNN 来获取其他消息。

import numpy      as np
import tensorflow as tf  
batch_size = 10
nr_inputs = 3  
nr_outputs  = 4   
nr_steps = 4             
nr_layers  = 2
def  mini_batch ( Xdata, ydata, batch_size ) :  
    global  global_counter
    result      = None
    Xbatch      = np.zeros( shape=[batch_size, nr_steps,  nr_inputs],  dtype = np.float32 )
    ybatch      = np.zeros( shape=[batch_size, nr_outputs],            dtype = np.float32 )
    return  Xbatch, ybatch
X = tf.placeholder( tf.float32, [ None, nr_steps,    nr_inputs ] )
y = tf.placeholder( tf.float32, [ None, nr_outputs ]             )
neurons = tf.contrib.rnn.BasicRNNCell(num_units = 10)
neurons = tf.contrib.rnn.MultiRNNCell( [neurons] * nr_layers, state_is_tuple = True )
X_train = np.zeros( shape=[1000, nr_steps,  nr_inputs],  dtype = np.float32 )
y_train = np.zeros( shape=[1000, nr_outputs],            dtype = np.float32 )
X_test      = np.zeros( shape=[1000,  nr_steps,  nr_inputs],  dtype = np.float32 )
y_test      = np.zeros( shape=[1000,  nr_outputs],            dtype = np.float32 )
rnn_outputs, rnn_states = tf.nn.dynamic_rnn( neurons, X, dtype=tf.float32 )
logits = tf.contrib.layers.fully_connected( inputs        = rnn_states, num_outputs = nr_outputs, activation_fn = None )
xentropy    = tf.nn.sigmoid_cross_entropy_with_logits( labels = y,  logits = logits )
loss        = tf.reduce_mean( xentropy )
optimizer   = tf.train.AdamOptimizer( learning_rate = 0.01 )
training_op = optimizer.minimize( loss )
init         = tf.global_variables_initializer()
with tf.Session() as sess :
    init.run()
    global_counter = 0
    for epoch in range(100) :
        for iteration in range( 4) :
            X_batch, y_batch = mini_batch ( X_train, y_train, batch_size )
            sess.run( training_op, feed_dict={ X : X_batch,  y : y_batch } ) 
        loss_train = loss.eval( feed_dict={ X : X_batch,  y : y_batch } )
        loss_test  = loss.eval( feed_dict={ X : X_test,   y : y_test  } )
    sess.close()

我正在尝试这个 neurons = tf.contrib.rnn.MultiRNNCell([neurons]*nr_layers, state_ist_tuple = True)

并收到错误

ValueError: Dimensions must be equal, but are 20 and 13 for 'rnn/.../MatMul1'(op 'MatMul') with input shapes [?,20], [13, 10] for a tf.contrib.rnn.BasicRNNCell(num_units = nr_neurons)

with input shapes [?,20], [13, 20] for a tf.contrib.rnn.GRUCell(num_units = nr_neurons)

和

with input shapes [?,20], [13, 40] for a tf.contrib.rnn.BasicLSTMCell(num_units = nr_neurons, state_is_tuple = True)

MatMul_1 中是否有错误？有没有人遇到过类似的问题？非常感谢！

Answer 1

与其多次使用 BasicRNNCell 实例，不如为每个 RNN 层创建一个实例 - 例如以这种方式：

neurons = [tf.contrib.rnn.BasicRNNCell(num_units=10) for _ in range(nr_layers)]
neurons = tf.contrib.rnn.MultiRNNCell( neurons, state_is_tuple = True )

另外，你的代码还有其他错误。rnn_states是一个包含cell state和hidden state的元组，它的shape是((None,10),(None,10))。我假设你想使用隐藏状态，替换它：

logits = tf.contrib.layers.fully_connected( inputs = rnn_states[1], num_outputs = nr_outputs, activation_fn = None )

没关系！

多单元格的值错误问题 Dimensions must be equal, but are 20 and 13

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