在 Parallel.ForEach 循环中,我想增加一个 var 但 Interlock.Increment 似乎不起作用

Within Parallel.ForEach loop, I want to increment a var but Interlock.Increment doesn't seem to work

我有一个需要很长时间的进程,所以我想将它分解为多个线程。我的线程方法适用于 Parallel.ForEach,只是我想通知用户到目前为止我们已经处理了多少可变数量的项目。

这是我正在做的示例。

namespace TestingThreading
{
    public partial class MainWindow : Window, INotifyPropertyChanged
    {
        private int _idCounter;
        public int IdCounter
        {
            get { return _idCounter; }
            set
            {
                if (value != _idCounter)
                {
                    _idCounter = value;
                    OnPropertyChanged("IdCounter");
                }
            }
        }
        public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
        protected virtual void OnPropertyChanged(string name)
        {
            var handler = System.Threading.Interlocked.CompareExchange(ref PropertyChanged, null, null);
            if (handler != null)
            {
                handler(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(name));
            }
        }

        public MainWindow()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            Counter.SetBinding(ContentProperty, new Binding("IdCounter"));
            DataContext = this;
            IdCounter = 0;
        }

        //random wait as a stand in for a variable length task
        private void GetWait()
        {
            Random random = new Random();
            int w = random.Next(3, 15);
            System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(100 * w);
        }

        private async void CreateClientsButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {   
            //setup my a list of strings to iterate through 
            List<String> DeviceList = new List<string>();
            for (int i = 0; i < 150; i++)
            {
                string ThisClient = "Fox" + i;
                DeviceList.Add(ThisClient);

            }

            var myTask = Task.Run(() =>
            {
                Parallel.ForEach(DeviceList, new ParallelOptions { MaxDegreeOfParallelism = 15 }, device =>
                {
                    GetWait();
                    IdCounter++;
                    // both below give compiler errors
                    //System.Threading.Interlocked.Add(ref IdCounter, 1);
                    //var c = Interlocked.Increment(ref DeviceCounter);
                });
            });

            await myTask;

        }

    }
}

绑定到 UI 有效,但我很确定我实际上并没有像我应该的那样多次递增变量。例如,这将 运行 150 次迭代,但经过多次尝试后,我从未见过我的计数器结束高于 146,这让我相信当两个线程尝试同时更新变量时存在竞争条件.

这不是世界末日,但我很想这样做 'the right way',我的研究将我引向 Interlock.IncrementInterlock.Add,但是当我尝试用其中任何一个增加我的变量,我得到这个错误:

A property or indexer may not be passed as an out or ref parameter

我强烈建议使用 IProgress<T> 来更新 UI。使用 "stateful" 进度(即 "increment")而不是 "stateless" 进度(即 "Item 13 has completed.")是不常见的,但它是可行的。

请注意 Progress<T> 负责与 UI 线程同步,因此它为您解决了竞争条件。

var progress = new Progress<int>(_ => IdCounter++) as IProgress<int>;
var myTask = Task.Run(() =>
{
  Parallel.ForEach(DeviceList, new ParallelOptions { MaxDegreeOfParallelism = 15 }, device =>
  {
    GetWait();
    progress.Report(0);
  });
});