pygame 冲突检测函数中的语法错误 python3
Syntax error in the pygame collision detection function python3
所以我尝试编写一个像 space 入侵者这样的 2d 游戏平台，但问题出在碰撞上，当我尝试定义碰撞时，我在她的特征中使用了碰撞，类（敌人坐标和子弹坐标），代码不会启动。这是结果：`
def isc (eneemy.x, eneemy.y, Bulllet.x, Bulllet.y ):
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
如果您需要，这是代码：
############# LIBRARIES ####################
import pygame, sys, random
import math
from pygame.constants import SYSTEM_CURSOR_WAITARROW
from pygame import mixer
pygame.init()
############ WINDOW OPTIONS ################
Swidth = 800
Sheight =600
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((Swidth, Sheight))
pygame.display.set_caption("Space Invader By Mal4D")
icon = pygame.image.load('places/favicon.png')
pygame.display.set_icon(icon)
############# COLORS #######################
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
YELLOW = (255 , 255 , 0)
########### VARIANTS ######################
isJumping= False
LevelJump = 0.25
rocket = pygame.image.load("rocket/rocket.png")
space = pygame.image.load("places/bg.png")
bullet = pygame.image.load("rocket/bullet.png")
Sound = pygame.mixer.music.load("Sounds/laser.mp3")
Bgsound= pygame.mixer.music.load("Sounds/bg.mp3")
enemy = pygame.image.load("Enemy/enemy.png")
ax=random.randint(0,700)
by=random.randint(20,120)
Bgsound1 = mixer.Sound("Sounds/bg.mp3")
BullletSound = mixer.Sound("Sounds/laser.mp3")
############## Class Players ##########################
class Player():
def __init__(self,x,y,width,height):
self.x=x
self.y=y
self.width=width
self.height=height
self.step=10
self.speed=10
self.isJumping= False
def drawplayer (self,screen):
screen.blit(rocket, (rockeet.x, rockeet.y))
def drawscreen (self,screen):
screen.blit(space, (0,0))
rockeet = Player(350,500,50,50)
########### Bullet #####################
class Bullet():
def __init__(self, x, y , y_change, x_change, state):
self.x=x
self.y= y
self.y_change=y_change
self.x_change= x_change
self.state= state
def fire(x,y):
Bulllet.state = "fire"
screen.blit(bullet,(x+16, y+10))
Bulllet=Bullet(350,500,20,0,"ready")
**def isCollision (ax1, by1, cx, dy):
distance = math.sqrt(math.pow(ax1 - cx, 2) + (math.pow(by1- dy, 2)))
if distance <27:
return True
else:
return False**
################## Enemy ########################
class Enemy():
def __init__(self, x ,y, stepx,stepy):
self.x = x
self.y=y
self.stepx=stepx
self.stepy=stepy
def drawenemy(screen):
screen.blit(enemy,(ax,by))
eneemy = Enemy(random.randint(0,700),random.randint(20,120),3,35)
################# Clussion#########################
score = 0
def isc (eneemy.x, eneemy.y, Bulllet.x, Bulllet.y ):
distance = math.sqrt(math.pow(eneemy.x - Bulllet.x, 2) + (math.pow(eneemy.y- Bulllet.y, 2)))
if distance <27:
return True
else:
return False
################### Game Loop #####################################
#Bgsound1.play(180)
while 1:
pygame.time.delay(10)
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT: sys.exit()
keys=pygame.key.get_pressed()
rockeet.drawscreen(screen)
Enemy.drawenemy(screen)
if keys[pygame.K_SPACE]:
if Bulllet.state == "ready":
BullletSound.play()
Bulllet.x=rockeet.x
Bulllet.y=rockeet.y
Bullet.fire(Bulllet.x, Bulllet.y)
if keys[pygame.K_LEFT] and rockeet.x - rockeet.step >= 0:
rockeet.x =rockeet.x-rockeet.step
if keys[pygame.K_RIGHT] and rockeet.x + rockeet.width +rockeet.step <= Swidth :
rockeet.x =rockeet.x+rockeet.step
if Bulllet.y <= 0:
Bulllet.y= 500
Bulllet.state = "ready"
if Bulllet.state == "fire":
Bullet.fire(Bulllet.x, Bulllet.y)
Bulllet.y -= Bulllet.y_change
########### Enemy Mouvement #########################################
collision = isCollision( eneemy.x, eneemy.y, Bulllet.x, Bulllet.y)
ax+= eneemy.stepx
if ax<= 0:
eneemy.stepx=3
by+= eneemy.stepy
elif ax >= 750:
eneemy.stepx=-3
by+= eneemy.stepy
if collision:
Bulllet.y= 500
Bulllet.state="ready"
eneemy.x= random.randint(0,700)
eneemy.y=random.randint(20,)
################## Collision ######################
################## OUTRO #######################################
rockeet.drawplayer(screen)
pygame.display.update()
结果：
def isCollision (eneemy.x, eneemy.y, Bulllet.x, Bulllet.y ):
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
函数的形式参数不能是eneemy.x这样的结构元素。要么更改参数的名称：
def isc (enemy_x, enemy_y, bullet_x, bullet_y):
distance = math.sqrt(math.pow(enemy_x - bullet_x, 2) + (math.pow(enemy_y- bullet_y, 2)))
if distance <27:
return True
else:
return False
或者将对象传递给函数：
def isc (enemy, bullet):
distance = math.sqrt(math.pow(enemy.x - bullet.x, 2) + (math.pow(enemy.y- bullet.y, 2)))
if distance <27:
return True
else:
return False
collision = isCollision( eneemy.x, eneemy.y, Bulllet.x, Bulllet.y)
collision = isCollision(eneemy, Bulllet)
请注意，您可以使用 math.hypot 代替 math.sqrt 和 math.pow:
distance = math.sqrt(math.pow(enemy_x - bullet_x, 2) + (math.pow(enemy_y- bullet_y, 2)))
distance = math.hypot(enemy_x - bullet_x, enemy_y - bullet_y)
为了完成而添加到@Rabbid76 的回答中……
您不想通过简单地测量矩形左上角之间的距离来测试矩形碰撞（即敌人和子弹之间的碰撞）。考虑下图：
您可以看到矩形重叠，尽管红色圆圈内似乎没有碰撞，这是您在检查碰撞时正在扫描的距离区域。
而是使用 Pygame 的内置 Rect 对象及其碰撞检测功能（例如，pygame.Rect.colliderect）。
我还注意到您对资产使用了相似的名称，它对应的游戏 类（enemy 和 eneemy、bullet 和 Bulllet, ...)。这是一个糟糕的主意，因为打字错误很快就会发生，您甚至都不知道自己发生了什么。花一些时间来正确命名变量是值得的！
您已经使用了很多 class methods，其中 对象方法 （在其参数列表中具有关键字 self 的方法）将更合适。您可能想花一些时间刷新您的面向对象编程知识。
完全有效的解决方案：
############# LIBRARIES ####################
import pygame, sys, random
import math
from pygame.constants import SYSTEM_CURSOR_WAITARROW
from pygame import mixer
pygame.init()
############ WINDOW OPTIONS ################
Swidth = 800
Sheight = 600
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((Swidth, Sheight))
pygame.display.set_caption("Space Invader By Mal4D")
icon = pygame.image.load('places/favicon.png')
pygame.display.set_icon(icon)
############# COLORS #######################
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
YELLOW = (255, 255, 0)
########### VARIANTS ######################
isJumping = False
LevelJump = 0.25
rocket = pygame.image.load("rocket/rocket.png")
space = pygame.image.load("places/bg.png")
bullet = pygame.image.load("rocket/bullet.png")
Sound = pygame.mixer.music.load("Sounds/laser.mp3")
Bgsound = mixer.Sound("Sounds/bg.mp3")
enemy = pygame.image.load("Enemy/enemy.png")
bulletObjectSound = mixer.Sound("Sounds/laser.mp3")
############## Class Players ##########################
class Player():
def __init__(self, x, y, width, height):
self.x = x
self.y = y
self.width = width
self.height = height
self.step = 10
self.speed = 10
self.isJumping = False
def drawplayer (self, screen):
screen.blit(rocket, (rocketObject.x, rocketObject.y))
def drawscreen (self, screen):
screen.blit(space, (0, 0))
rocketObject = Player(350, 500, 50, 50)
########### Bullet #####################
class Bullet():
def __init__(self, x, y, y_change, x_change, state):
self.x = x
self.y = y
self.y_change = y_change
self.x_change = x_change
self.state = state
def fire(self):
self.state = "fire"
screen.blit(bullet, (self.x + 16, self.y + 10))
bulletObject = Bullet(350, 500, 20, 0, "ready")
def isCollision(enemyX, enemyY, bulletX, bulletY):
r1 = pygame.Rect(enemyX, enemyY, enemy.get_width(), enemy.get_height())
r2 = pygame.Rect(bulletX, bulletY, bullet.get_width(), bullet.get_height())
return r1.colliderect(r2)
################## Enemy ########################
class Enemy():
def __init__(self, x, y, stepx, stepy):
self.x = x
self.y = y
self.stepx = stepx
self.stepy = stepy
def drawenemy(self, screen):
screen.blit(enemy, (self.x, self.y))
enemyObject = Enemy(random.randint(0, 700), 20, 3, 35)
################# Clussion#########################
score = 0
################### Game Loop #####################################
Bgsound.play(180)
while 1:
pygame.time.delay(10)
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:sys.exit()
keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
rocketObject.drawscreen(screen)
enemyObject.drawenemy(screen)
if keys[pygame.K_SPACE]:
if bulletObject.state == "ready":
bulletObjectSound.play()
bulletObject.x = rocketObject.x
bulletObject.y = rocketObject.y
bulletObject.fire()
if keys[pygame.K_LEFT] and rocketObject.x - rocketObject.step >= 0:
rocketObject.x = rocketObject.x - rocketObject.step
if keys[pygame.K_RIGHT] and rocketObject.x + rocketObject.width + rocketObject.step <= Swidth:
rocketObject.x = rocketObject.x + rocketObject.step
if bulletObject.y <= 0:
bulletObject.y = 500
bulletObject.state = "ready"
if bulletObject.state == "fire":
bulletObject.fire()
bulletObject.y -= bulletObject.y_change
########### Enemy Movement #########################################
collision = isCollision(enemyObject.x, enemyObject.y, bulletObject.x, bulletObject.y)
enemyObject.x += enemyObject.stepx
if enemyObject.x <= 0:
enemyObject.stepx = 3
enemyObject.y += enemyObject.stepy
elif enemyObject.x >= 750:
enemyObject.stepx = -3
enemyObject.y += enemyObject.stepy
if collision:
bulletObject.y = 500
bulletObject.state = "ready"
enemyObject.x = random.randint(0, 700)
enemyObject.y = 20
################## Collision ######################
################## OUTRO #######################################
rocketObject.drawplayer(screen)
pygame.display.update()
所以我尝试编写一个像 space 入侵者这样的 2d 游戏平台，但问题出在碰撞上，当我尝试定义碰撞时，我在她的特征中使用了碰撞，类（敌人坐标和子弹坐标），代码不会启动。这是结果：`
def isc (eneemy.x, eneemy.y, Bulllet.x, Bulllet.y ):
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
如果您需要，这是代码：
############# LIBRARIES ####################
import pygame, sys, random
import math
from pygame.constants import SYSTEM_CURSOR_WAITARROW
from pygame import mixer
pygame.init()
############ WINDOW OPTIONS ################
Swidth = 800
Sheight =600
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((Swidth, Sheight))
pygame.display.set_caption("Space Invader By Mal4D")
icon = pygame.image.load('places/favicon.png')
pygame.display.set_icon(icon)
############# COLORS #######################
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
YELLOW = (255 , 255 , 0)
########### VARIANTS ######################
isJumping= False
LevelJump = 0.25
rocket = pygame.image.load("rocket/rocket.png")
space = pygame.image.load("places/bg.png")
bullet = pygame.image.load("rocket/bullet.png")
Sound = pygame.mixer.music.load("Sounds/laser.mp3")
Bgsound= pygame.mixer.music.load("Sounds/bg.mp3")
enemy = pygame.image.load("Enemy/enemy.png")
ax=random.randint(0,700)
by=random.randint(20,120)
Bgsound1 = mixer.Sound("Sounds/bg.mp3")
BullletSound = mixer.Sound("Sounds/laser.mp3")
############## Class Players ##########################
class Player():
def __init__(self,x,y,width,height):
self.x=x
self.y=y
self.width=width
self.height=height
self.step=10
self.speed=10
self.isJumping= False
def drawplayer (self,screen):
screen.blit(rocket, (rockeet.x, rockeet.y))
def drawscreen (self,screen):
screen.blit(space, (0,0))
rockeet = Player(350,500,50,50)
########### Bullet #####################
class Bullet():
def __init__(self, x, y , y_change, x_change, state):
self.x=x
self.y= y
self.y_change=y_change
self.x_change= x_change
self.state= state
def fire(x,y):
Bulllet.state = "fire"
screen.blit(bullet,(x+16, y+10))
Bulllet=Bullet(350,500,20,0,"ready")
**def isCollision (ax1, by1, cx, dy):
distance = math.sqrt(math.pow(ax1 - cx, 2) + (math.pow(by1- dy, 2)))
if distance <27:
return True
else:
return False**
################## Enemy ########################
class Enemy():
def __init__(self, x ,y, stepx,stepy):
self.x = x
self.y=y
self.stepx=stepx
self.stepy=stepy
def drawenemy(screen):
screen.blit(enemy,(ax,by))
eneemy = Enemy(random.randint(0,700),random.randint(20,120),3,35)
################# Clussion#########################
score = 0
def isc (eneemy.x, eneemy.y, Bulllet.x, Bulllet.y ):
distance = math.sqrt(math.pow(eneemy.x - Bulllet.x, 2) + (math.pow(eneemy.y- Bulllet.y, 2)))
if distance <27:
return True
else:
return False
################### Game Loop #####################################
#Bgsound1.play(180)
while 1:
pygame.time.delay(10)
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT: sys.exit()
keys=pygame.key.get_pressed()
rockeet.drawscreen(screen)
Enemy.drawenemy(screen)
if keys[pygame.K_SPACE]:
if Bulllet.state == "ready":
BullletSound.play()
Bulllet.x=rockeet.x
Bulllet.y=rockeet.y
Bullet.fire(Bulllet.x, Bulllet.y)
if keys[pygame.K_LEFT] and rockeet.x - rockeet.step >= 0:
rockeet.x =rockeet.x-rockeet.step
if keys[pygame.K_RIGHT] and rockeet.x + rockeet.width +rockeet.step <= Swidth :
rockeet.x =rockeet.x+rockeet.step
if Bulllet.y <= 0:
Bulllet.y= 500
Bulllet.state = "ready"
if Bulllet.state == "fire":
Bullet.fire(Bulllet.x, Bulllet.y)
Bulllet.y -= Bulllet.y_change
########### Enemy Mouvement #########################################
collision = isCollision( eneemy.x, eneemy.y, Bulllet.x, Bulllet.y)
ax+= eneemy.stepx
if ax<= 0:
eneemy.stepx=3
by+= eneemy.stepy
elif ax >= 750:
eneemy.stepx=-3
by+= eneemy.stepy
if collision:
Bulllet.y= 500
Bulllet.state="ready"
eneemy.x= random.randint(0,700)
eneemy.y=random.randint(20,)
################## Collision ######################
################## OUTRO #######################################
rockeet.drawplayer(screen)
pygame.display.update()
结果：
def isCollision (eneemy.x, eneemy.y, Bulllet.x, Bulllet.y ):
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
函数的形式参数不能是eneemy.x这样的结构元素。要么更改参数的名称：
def isc (enemy_x, enemy_y, bullet_x, bullet_y):
distance = math.sqrt(math.pow(enemy_x - bullet_x, 2) + (math.pow(enemy_y- bullet_y, 2)))
if distance <27:
return True
else:
return False
或者将对象传递给函数：
def isc (enemy, bullet):
distance = math.sqrt(math.pow(enemy.x - bullet.x, 2) + (math.pow(enemy.y- bullet.y, 2)))
if distance <27:
return True
else:
return False
collision = isCollision( eneemy.x, eneemy.y, Bulllet.x, Bulllet.y)
collision = isCollision(eneemy, Bulllet)
请注意，您可以使用 math.hypot 代替 math.sqrt 和 math.pow:
distance = math.sqrt(math.pow(enemy_x - bullet_x, 2) + (math.pow(enemy_y- bullet_y, 2)))
distance = math.hypot(enemy_x - bullet_x, enemy_y - bullet_y)
为了完成而添加到@Rabbid76 的回答中……
您不想通过简单地测量矩形左上角之间的距离来测试矩形碰撞（即敌人和子弹之间的碰撞）。考虑下图：
您可以看到矩形重叠，尽管红色圆圈内似乎没有碰撞，这是您在检查碰撞时正在扫描的距离区域。
而是使用 Pygame 的内置 Rect 对象及其碰撞检测功能（例如，pygame.Rect.colliderect）。
我还注意到您对资产使用了相似的名称，它对应的游戏 类（enemy 和 eneemy、bullet 和 Bulllet, ...)。这是一个糟糕的主意，因为打字错误很快就会发生，您甚至都不知道自己发生了什么。花一些时间来正确命名变量是值得的！
您已经使用了很多 class methods，其中 对象方法 （在其参数列表中具有关键字 self 的方法）将更合适。您可能想花一些时间刷新您的面向对象编程知识。
完全有效的解决方案：
############# LIBRARIES ####################
import pygame, sys, random
import math
from pygame.constants import SYSTEM_CURSOR_WAITARROW
from pygame import mixer
pygame.init()
############ WINDOW OPTIONS ################
Swidth = 800
Sheight = 600
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((Swidth, Sheight))
pygame.display.set_caption("Space Invader By Mal4D")
icon = pygame.image.load('places/favicon.png')
pygame.display.set_icon(icon)
############# COLORS #######################
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
YELLOW = (255, 255, 0)
########### VARIANTS ######################
isJumping = False
LevelJump = 0.25
rocket = pygame.image.load("rocket/rocket.png")
space = pygame.image.load("places/bg.png")
bullet = pygame.image.load("rocket/bullet.png")
Sound = pygame.mixer.music.load("Sounds/laser.mp3")
Bgsound = mixer.Sound("Sounds/bg.mp3")
enemy = pygame.image.load("Enemy/enemy.png")
bulletObjectSound = mixer.Sound("Sounds/laser.mp3")
############## Class Players ##########################
class Player():
def __init__(self, x, y, width, height):
self.x = x
self.y = y
self.width = width
self.height = height
self.step = 10
self.speed = 10
self.isJumping = False
def drawplayer (self, screen):
screen.blit(rocket, (rocketObject.x, rocketObject.y))
def drawscreen (self, screen):
screen.blit(space, (0, 0))
rocketObject = Player(350, 500, 50, 50)
########### Bullet #####################
class Bullet():
def __init__(self, x, y, y_change, x_change, state):
self.x = x
self.y = y
self.y_change = y_change
self.x_change = x_change
self.state = state
def fire(self):
self.state = "fire"
screen.blit(bullet, (self.x + 16, self.y + 10))
bulletObject = Bullet(350, 500, 20, 0, "ready")
def isCollision(enemyX, enemyY, bulletX, bulletY):
r1 = pygame.Rect(enemyX, enemyY, enemy.get_width(), enemy.get_height())
r2 = pygame.Rect(bulletX, bulletY, bullet.get_width(), bullet.get_height())
return r1.colliderect(r2)
################## Enemy ########################
class Enemy():
def __init__(self, x, y, stepx, stepy):
self.x = x
self.y = y
self.stepx = stepx
self.stepy = stepy
def drawenemy(self, screen):
screen.blit(enemy, (self.x, self.y))
enemyObject = Enemy(random.randint(0, 700), 20, 3, 35)
################# Clussion#########################
score = 0
################### Game Loop #####################################
Bgsound.play(180)
while 1:
pygame.time.delay(10)
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:sys.exit()
keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
rocketObject.drawscreen(screen)
enemyObject.drawenemy(screen)
if keys[pygame.K_SPACE]:
if bulletObject.state == "ready":
bulletObjectSound.play()
bulletObject.x = rocketObject.x
bulletObject.y = rocketObject.y
bulletObject.fire()
if keys[pygame.K_LEFT] and rocketObject.x - rocketObject.step >= 0:
rocketObject.x = rocketObject.x - rocketObject.step
if keys[pygame.K_RIGHT] and rocketObject.x + rocketObject.width + rocketObject.step <= Swidth:
rocketObject.x = rocketObject.x + rocketObject.step
if bulletObject.y <= 0:
bulletObject.y = 500
bulletObject.state = "ready"
if bulletObject.state == "fire":
bulletObject.fire()
bulletObject.y -= bulletObject.y_change
########### Enemy Movement #########################################
collision = isCollision(enemyObject.x, enemyObject.y, bulletObject.x, bulletObject.y)
enemyObject.x += enemyObject.stepx
if enemyObject.x <= 0:
enemyObject.stepx = 3
enemyObject.y += enemyObject.stepy
elif enemyObject.x >= 750:
enemyObject.stepx = -3
enemyObject.y += enemyObject.stepy
if collision:
bulletObject.y = 500
bulletObject.state = "ready"
enemyObject.x = random.randint(0, 700)
enemyObject.y = 20
################## Collision ######################
################## OUTRO #######################################
rocketObject.drawplayer(screen)
pygame.display.update()