processing collision test return 开头为false
processing collision test return false at the beginning
我正在为程序做碰撞测试，我试图将测试插入 draw()，我希望它显示“GameOver”并且不会有任何进一步的事件导致任何变化。
float x;
float y;
float w;
float h;
float xPed;
float yPed;
float yPedc;
float objectX;
float objectY;
float objectWidth;
float objectHeight;
float triangleWidth;
float triangleHeight;
float dia;
int speed = 2;
boolean gameOver;
int N_LANES = 1;
void setup() {
size(1200, 400);
background(255);
x = width / 60;
y = height / 40;
w = width / 80;
xPed = width / 2;
triangleWidth = height / 4;
triangleHeight = 2.5 * w;
yPed = height - 3 * w;
yPedc = 2.5 * w / 2;
dia = w / 2;
h = w / 2;
objectX = x + 2 * w;
objectY = y + 5 * h;
objectWidth = 4 * w;
objectHeight = 10 * h;
gameOver = false;
}
void draw() {
//reset background
background(255);
line(0, height/4, width, height/4);
vehicle();
pedestrian();
// collision detect
if (gameOver == true) {
textSize(100);
fill(255, 0, 0);
text("Game Over", width / 3, height / 2);
}
}
void vehicle() {
//moving vehicle
x += speed;
// reset vehicle
noFill();
if (x > width) {
x = 0;
} else if (x < 0) {
x = width;
}
for (int i = 0; i < N_LANES; i++) {
//head of vehicle
fill(0, 194, 0, 50);
rect(x, y, w, h);
rect(x + 3 * w, y, w, h);
rect(x, y + h, 4 * w, 4 *h);
//eyes of vehicle
fill(0);
rect(x + w, 3 * y, w * 0.85, h);
rect(x + 3 * w, 3 * y, w * 0.85, h);
//body of vehicle
fill(0, 240, 0, 80);
rect(x + 1.5 * w, 6.3 * h, 1.5 * w, 3 *h );
//left arm
line(x + 1.5 *w, 6.3 * h, x + 0.5 * w, 7.3 * h);
//right arm
line(x + 3 * w, 6.3 * h, x + 4 * w, 7.3 * h);
//left leg
line(x + 1.5 * w, 9.3 * h, x + w, 11.3 * h);
//right leg
line(x + 3 * w, 9.3 * h, x + 3.5 * w, 11.3 * h);
}
}
// draw pedestrian
void pedestrian() {
fill(255, 140, 0, 70);
//body of pedestrian
triangle(xPed, yPed, xPed - triangleWidth / 2, yPed + 2.5 * w, xPed + triangleWidth / 2, yPed + 2.5 * w);
fill(0);
circle(xPed + triangleWidth / 4, yPed, dia);
circle(xPed - triangleWidth / 4, yPed, dia);
fill(255, 165, 0);
ellipse(xPed, yPed + w, 1.5 * dia, 3 * dia);
}
// arrow key moving
void keyPressed() {
if (gameOver != true) {
if (key == CODED) {
if (keyCode == UP) {
yPed -= height / 4;
if (yPed <= 0) {
yPed = height - 3 * w;
}
}
if (keyCode == DOWN) {
yPed += height / 4;
if (yPed > height) {
yPed = height - 3 * w;
}
}
if (keyCode==LEFT) {
xPed -= height / 4;
if (xPed < 0 + triangleWidth / 2) {
xPed = width / 2;
}
}
if (keyCode==RIGHT) {
xPed += height / 4;
if (xPed > width - triangleWidth / 2) {
xPed = width / 2;
}
}
}
}
}
boolean gameOver() {
// optional visualise collision objects
rect(objectX, objectY, objectWidth, objectHeight);
rect(xPed, yPed, triangleWidth, triangleHeight);
// x axis
float distX = abs( (objectX + objectWidth / 2) - (xPed + triangleWidth / 2) );
// y axis
float distY = abs( (objectY + objectHeight / 2) - (yPedc + triangleHeight / 2) );
// half combined x distance
float combinedHalfWidth = ( (objectWidth / 2) + (triangleWidth / 2) );
// half combined y distance
float combinedHalfHeight = ( (objectHeight / 2) + (triangleHeight / 2) );
// check collision
if (distX < combinedHalfWidth) {
if (distY < combinedHalfHeight) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
我试图将 gameOver 布尔值插入绘图中，它每次都 returns 相同的值。
只是想知道逻辑问题或编码问题是什么。
正如 Rabbid76 提到的，您应该首先正确格式化代码。
让我们假设代码是从带有代码片段的 pdf 中复制的，这就是格式混乱的原因。
该代码仍有一些明显的错误：
- 令人困惑的是，您同时使用了布尔变量
gameOver 和布尔函数 gameOver()，并且变量并不总是更新。 （实际上 gameOver 仅在 setup() 中设置一次，而 gameOver() 实际进行碰撞检测 从未被调用 。我建议要么更新布尔变量，要么更简单，只需调用 gameOver() 来根据需要计算碰撞。这是您的代码无法按预期运行的原因之一。
- 您正在检查两个对象之间的碰撞：车辆和行人。但是，有 3 组坐标：
x, y, xPed, objectX, objectY。在绘图中渲染时，车辆使用 x,y，但是，在检查碰撞时，gameOver() 使用 objectX, objectY（不匹配且不更新）。这是碰撞未按预期运行的另一个原因。
- 除了您提出的问题外，
N_LANES 用于 for 循环，但从未声明过。即使我声明它，for 循环使用完全相同的 x,y 坐标，使 for 循环变得多余。
这是您的代码的格式化版本，带有额外的边界框，突出显示了碰撞函数正在检查的内容（并注释了一些未使用的变量）：
float x;
float y;
float w;
float h;
float xPed;
float yPed;
//float yPedc;
float objectX;
float objectY;
float objectWidth;
float objectHeight;
float triangleWidth;
float triangleHeight;
float dia;
int speed = 2;
//boolean gameOver;
int N_LANES = 1;
void setup() {
size(1200, 400);
background(255);
x = width / 60;
y = height / 40;
w = width / 80;
xPed = width / 2;
triangleWidth = height / 4;
triangleHeight = 2.5 * w;
yPed = height - 3 * w;
//yPedc = 2.5 * w / 2;
dia = w / 2;
h = w / 2;
objectX = x + 2 * w;
objectY = y + 5 * h;
objectWidth = 4 * w;
objectHeight = 10 * h;
//gameOver = false;
}
void draw() {
//reset background
background(255);
line(0, height/4, width, height/4);
vehicle();
pedestrian();
// collision detect
if (gameOver() == true) {
textSize(100);
fill(255, 0, 0);
text("Game Over", width / 3, height / 2);
}
}
void vehicle() {
//moving vehicle
x += speed;
// reset vehicle
noFill();
if (x > width) {
x = 0;
} else if (x < 0) {
x = width;
}
for (int i = 0; i < N_LANES; i++) {
//head of vehicle
fill(0, 194, 0, 50);
rect(x, y, w, h);
rect(x + 3 * w, y, w, h);
rect(x, y + h, 4 * w, 4 *h);
//eyes of vehicle
fill(0);
rect(x + w, 3 * y, w * 0.85, h);
rect(x + 3 * w, 3 * y, w * 0.85, h);
//body of vehicle
fill(0, 240, 0, 80);
rect(x + 1.5 * w, 6.3 * h, 1.5 * w, 3 *h );
//left arm
line(x + 1.5 *w, 6.3 * h, x + 0.5 * w, 7.3 * h);
//right arm
line(x + 3 * w, 6.3 * h, x + 4 * w, 7.3 * h);
//left leg
line(x + 1.5 * w, 9.3 * h, x + w, 11.3 * h);
//right leg
line(x + 3 * w, 9.3 * h, x + 3.5 * w, 11.3 * h);
}
}
// draw pedestrian
void pedestrian() {
fill(255, 140, 0, 70);
//body of pedestrian
triangle(xPed, yPed, xPed - triangleWidth / 2, yPed + 2.5 * w, xPed + triangleWidth / 2, yPed + 2.5 * w);
fill(0);
circle(xPed + triangleWidth / 4, yPed, dia);
circle(xPed - triangleWidth / 4, yPed, dia);
fill(255, 165, 0);
ellipse(xPed, yPed + w, 1.5 * dia, 3 * dia);
// visualise bounding box
//fill(255, 140, 0, 70);
//rect(xPed - triangleWidth / 2, yPed, triangleWidth, triangleHeight);
}
// arrow key moving
void keyPressed() {
if (gameOver() != true) {
if (key == CODED) {
if (keyCode == UP) {
yPed -= height / 4;
if (yPed <= 0) {
yPed = height - 3 * w;
}
}
if (keyCode == DOWN) {
yPed += height / 4;
if (yPed > height) {
yPed = height - 3 * w;
}
}
if (keyCode==LEFT) {
xPed -= height / 4;
if (xPed < 0 + triangleWidth / 2) {
xPed = width / 2;
}
}
if (keyCode==RIGHT) {
xPed += height / 4;
if (xPed > width - triangleWidth / 2) {
xPed = width / 2;
}
}
}
}
}
boolean gameOver() {
// optional visualise collision objects
rect(objectX, objectY, objectWidth, objectHeight);
rect(xPed, yPed, triangleWidth, triangleHeight);
// x axis
float distX = abs( (objectX + objectWidth / 2) - (xPed + triangleWidth / 2) );
// y axis
float distY = abs( (objectY + objectHeight / 2) - (yPed + triangleHeight / 2) );
// half combined x distance
float combinedHalfWidth = ( (objectWidth / 2) + (triangleWidth / 2) );
// half combined y distance
float combinedHalfHeight = ( (objectHeight / 2) + (triangleHeight / 2) );
// check collision
if (distX < combinedHalfWidth) {
if (distY < combinedHalfHeight) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
这是应用了上面 3 个注意事项中的几个的代码版本，在一定程度上解决了碰撞和 gameOver 状态问题：
float x;
float y;
float w;
float h;
float xPed;
float yPed;
float objectWidth;
float objectHeight;
float triangleWidth;
float triangleHeight;
float dia;
int speed = 2;
void setup() {
size(1200, 400);
background(255);
x = width / 60;
y = height / 40;
w = width / 80;
xPed = width / 2;
triangleWidth = height / 4;
triangleHeight = 2.5 * w;
yPed = height - 3 * w;
dia = w / 2;
h = w / 2;
objectWidth = 4 * w;
objectHeight = 10 * h;
}
void draw() {
//reset background
background(255);
line(0, height/4, width, height/4);
vehicle();
pedestrian();
// collision detect
if (gameOver()) {
textSize(100);
fill(255, 0, 0);
text("Game Over", width / 3, height / 2);
}
}
void vehicle() {
//moving vehicle
x += speed;
// reset vehicle
noFill();
if (x > width) {
x = 0;
} else if (x < 0) {
x = width;
}
//head of vehicle
fill(0, 194, 0, 50);
rect(x, y, w, h);
rect(x + 3 * w, y, w, h);
rect(x, y + h, 4 * w, 4 *h);
//eyes of vehicle
fill(0);
rect(x + w, 3 * y, w * 0.85, h);
rect(x + 3 * w, 3 * y, w * 0.85, h);
//body of vehicle
fill(0, 240, 0, 80);
rect(x + 1.5 * w, 6.3 * h, 1.5 * w, 3 *h );
//left arm
line(x + 1.5 *w, 6.3 * h, x + 0.5 * w, 7.3 * h);
//right arm
line(x + 3 * w, 6.3 * h, x + 4 * w, 7.3 * h);
//left leg
line(x + 1.5 * w, 9.3 * h, x + w, 11.3 * h);
//right leg
line(x + 3 * w, 9.3 * h, x + 3.5 * w, 11.3 * h);
}
// draw pedestrian
void pedestrian() {
fill(255, 140, 0, 70);
//body of pedestrian
triangle(xPed, yPed, xPed - triangleWidth / 2, yPed + 2.5 * w, xPed + triangleWidth / 2, yPed + 2.5 * w);
fill(0);
circle(xPed + triangleWidth / 4, yPed, dia);
circle(xPed - triangleWidth / 4, yPed, dia);
fill(255, 165, 0);
ellipse(xPed, yPed + w, 1.5 * dia, 3 * dia);
// visualise bounding box
//fill(255, 140, 0, 70);
//rect(xPed - triangleWidth / 2, yPed, triangleWidth, triangleHeight);
}
// arrow key moving
void keyPressed() {
if (!gameOver()) {
if (key == CODED) {
if (keyCode == UP) {
yPed -= height / 4;
if (yPed <= 0) {
yPed = height - 3 * w;
}
}
if (keyCode == DOWN) {
yPed += height / 4;
if (yPed > height) {
yPed = height - 3 * w;
}
}
if (keyCode==LEFT) {
xPed -= height / 4;
if (xPed < 0 + triangleWidth / 2) {
xPed = width / 2;
}
}
if (keyCode==RIGHT) {
xPed += height / 4;
if (xPed > width - triangleWidth / 2) {
xPed = width / 2;
}
}
}
}
}
boolean gameOver() {
// optional visualise collision objects
rect(x, y, objectWidth, objectHeight);
rect(xPed, yPed, triangleWidth, triangleHeight);
// x axis
float distX = abs( (x + objectWidth / 2) - (xPed + triangleWidth / 2) );
// y axis
float distY = abs( (y + objectHeight / 2) - (yPed + triangleHeight / 2) );
// half combined x distance
float combinedHalfWidth = ( (objectWidth / 2) + (triangleWidth / 2) );
// half combined y distance
float combinedHalfHeight = ( (objectHeight / 2) + (triangleHeight / 2) );
// check collision
if (distX < combinedHalfWidth) {
if (distY < combinedHalfHeight) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
请注意，理想情况下，三角形边界框需要向左移动三角形宽度的一半。
我还想向您指出 java.awt.Rectangle，其中有一个可能有用的 intersects()：
import java.awt.Rectangle;
float x;
float y;
float w;
float h;
float xPed;
float yPed;
float objectWidth;
float objectHeight;
float triangleWidth;
float triangleHeight;
float dia;
int speed = 2;
Rectangle vehicleBoundingBox;
Rectangle pedestrianBoundingBox;
void setup() {
size(1200, 400);
background(255);
x = width / 60;
y = height / 40;
w = width / 80;
xPed = width / 2;
triangleWidth = height / 4;
triangleHeight = 2.5 * w;
yPed = height - 3 * w;
dia = w / 2;
h = w / 2;
objectWidth = 4 * w;
objectHeight = 10 * h;
vehicleBoundingBox = new Rectangle((int)x, (int)y, (int)objectWidth, (int)objectHeight);
pedestrianBoundingBox = new Rectangle((int)xPed, (int)yPed, (int)triangleWidth, (int)triangleHeight);
}
void draw() {
//reset background
background(255);
line(0, height/4, width, height/4);
vehicle();
pedestrian();
// collision detect
if (gameOver()) {
textSize(100);
fill(255, 0, 0);
text("Game Over", width / 3, height / 2);
}
}
void vehicle() {
//moving vehicle
x += speed;
// reset vehicle
noFill();
if (x > width) {
x = 0;
} else if (x < 0) {
x = width;
}
//head of vehicle
fill(0, 194, 0, 50);
rect(x, y, w, h);
rect(x + 3 * w, y, w, h);
rect(x, y + h, 4 * w, 4 *h);
//eyes of vehicle
fill(0);
rect(x + w, 3 * y, w * 0.85, h);
rect(x + 3 * w, 3 * y, w * 0.85, h);
//body of vehicle
fill(0, 240, 0, 80);
rect(x + 1.5 * w, 6.3 * h, 1.5 * w, 3 *h );
//left arm
line(x + 1.5 *w, 6.3 * h, x + 0.5 * w, 7.3 * h);
//right arm
line(x + 3 * w, 6.3 * h, x + 4 * w, 7.3 * h);
//left leg
line(x + 1.5 * w, 9.3 * h, x + w, 11.3 * h);
//right leg
line(x + 3 * w, 9.3 * h, x + 3.5 * w, 11.3 * h);
}
// draw pedestrian
void pedestrian() {
fill(255, 140, 0, 70);
//body of pedestrian
triangle(xPed, yPed, xPed - triangleWidth / 2, yPed + 2.5 * w, xPed + triangleWidth / 2, yPed + 2.5 * w);
fill(0);
circle(xPed + triangleWidth / 4, yPed, dia);
circle(xPed - triangleWidth / 4, yPed, dia);
fill(255, 165, 0);
ellipse(xPed, yPed + w, 1.5 * dia, 3 * dia);
}
// arrow key moving
void keyPressed() {
if (!gameOver()) {
if (key == CODED) {
if (keyCode == UP) {
yPed -= height / 4;
if (yPed <= 0) {
yPed = height - 3 * w;
}
}
if (keyCode == DOWN) {
yPed += height / 4;
if (yPed > height) {
yPed = height - 3 * w;
}
}
if (keyCode==LEFT) {
xPed -= height / 4;
if (xPed < 0 + triangleWidth / 2) {
xPed = width / 2;
}
}
if (keyCode==RIGHT) {
xPed += height / 4;
if (xPed > width - triangleWidth / 2) {
xPed = width / 2;
}
}
}
}
}
boolean gameOver(){
// update bounding box positions
vehicleBoundingBox.x = (int)x;
vehicleBoundingBox.y = (int)y;
pedestrianBoundingBox.x = (int)(xPed - triangleWidth / 2);
pedestrianBoundingBox.y = (int)yPed;
//optional: visualise boxes
fill(255, 140, 0, 70);
rect(pedestrianBoundingBox.x, pedestrianBoundingBox.y, pedestrianBoundingBox.width, pedestrianBoundingBox.height);
rect(vehicleBoundingBox.x, vehicleBoundingBox.y, vehicleBoundingBox.width, vehicleBoundingBox.height);
return vehicleBoundingBox.intersects(pedestrianBoundingBox);
}
//boolean gameOver() {
// // optional visualise collision objects
// rect(x, y, objectWidth, objectHeight);
// rect(xPed, yPed, triangleWidth, triangleHeight);
// // x axis
// float distX = abs( (x + objectWidth / 2) - (xPed + triangleWidth / 2) );
// // y axis
// float distY = abs( (y + objectHeight / 2) - (yPed + triangleHeight / 2) );
// // half combined x distance
// float combinedHalfWidth = ( (objectWidth / 2) + (triangleWidth / 2) );
// // half combined y distance
// float combinedHalfHeight = ( (objectHeight / 2) + (triangleHeight / 2) );
// // check collision
// if (distX < combinedHalfWidth) {
// if (distY < combinedHalfHeight) {
// return true;
// }
// }
// return false;
//}
void circle(float x, float y, float dia){
ellipse(x, y, dia, dia);
}
切记，如果这是 assignment/homework，您可能无法使用 java.awt.Rectangle。说到这里，如果这是一项作业，您应该在问题中提及它。
更新
这是一个更新版本，可以更好地处理游戏结束状态。
float x;
float y;
float w;
float h;
float xPed;
float yPed;
float objectWidth;
float objectHeight;
float triangleWidth;
float triangleHeight;
float dia;
int speed = 2;
// defaults to false
boolean isGameOver;
void setup() {
size(1200, 400);
background(255);
x = width / 60;
y = height / 40;
w = width / 80;
xPed = width / 2;
triangleWidth = height / 4;
triangleHeight = 2.5 * w;
yPed = height - 3 * w;
dia = w / 2;
h = w / 2;
objectWidth = 4 * w;
objectHeight = 10 * h;
}
void draw() {
//reset background
background(255);
line(0, height/4, width, height/4);
if (isGameOver) {
textSize(100);
fill(255, 0, 0);
text("Game Over", width / 3, height / 2);
}else{
// check colloisions only in game state and update game over state
isGameOver = checkCollisions();
vehicle();
pedestrian();
}
}
void vehicle() {
//moving vehicle
x += speed;
// reset vehicle
noFill();
if (x > width) {
x = 0;
} else if (x < 0) {
x = width;
}
//head of vehicle
fill(0, 194, 0, 50);
rect(x, y, w, h);
rect(x + 3 * w, y, w, h);
rect(x, y + h, 4 * w, 4 *h);
//eyes of vehicle
fill(0);
rect(x + w, 3 * y, w * 0.85, h);
rect(x + 3 * w, 3 * y, w * 0.85, h);
//body of vehicle
fill(0, 240, 0, 80);
rect(x + 1.5 * w, 6.3 * h, 1.5 * w, 3 *h );
//left arm
line(x + 1.5 *w, 6.3 * h, x + 0.5 * w, 7.3 * h);
//right arm
line(x + 3 * w, 6.3 * h, x + 4 * w, 7.3 * h);
//left leg
line(x + 1.5 * w, 9.3 * h, x + w, 11.3 * h);
//right leg
line(x + 3 * w, 9.3 * h, x + 3.5 * w, 11.3 * h);
}
// draw pedestrian
void pedestrian() {
fill(255, 140, 0, 70);
//body of pedestrian
triangle(xPed, yPed, xPed - triangleWidth / 2, yPed + 2.5 * w, xPed + triangleWidth / 2, yPed + 2.5 * w);
fill(0);
circle(xPed + triangleWidth / 4, yPed, dia);
circle(xPed - triangleWidth / 4, yPed, dia);
fill(255, 165, 0);
ellipse(xPed, yPed + w, 1.5 * dia, 3 * dia);
// visualise bounding box
//fill(255, 140, 0, 70);
//rect(xPed - triangleWidth / 2, yPed, triangleWidth, triangleHeight);
}
// arrow key moving
void keyPressed() {
if (isGameOver){
// exit game over
isGameOver = false;
// lazy way to restart the game
// normally you'd write & call a reset() function to reset player/vehicle positions, avodiing instant gameOver
setup();
} else {
if (key == CODED) {
if (keyCode == UP) {
yPed -= height / 4;
if (yPed <= 0) {
yPed = height - 3 * w;
}
}
if (keyCode == DOWN) {
yPed += height / 4;
if (yPed > height) {
yPed = height - 3 * w;
}
}
if (keyCode==LEFT) {
xPed -= height / 4;
if (xPed < 0 + triangleWidth / 2) {
xPed = width / 2;
}
}
if (keyCode==RIGHT) {
xPed += height / 4;
if (xPed > width - triangleWidth / 2) {
xPed = width / 2;
}
}
}
}
}
boolean checkCollisions() {
// optional visualise collision objects
fill(255, 140, 0, 70);
rect(x, y, objectWidth, objectHeight);
rect(xPed - triangleWidth / 2, yPed, triangleWidth, triangleHeight);
// x axis
float distX = abs( (x + objectWidth / 2) - xPed );
// y axis
float distY = abs( (y + objectHeight / 2) - (yPed + triangleHeight / 2) );
// half combined x distance
float combinedHalfWidth = ( (objectWidth / 2) + (triangleWidth / 2) );
// half combined y distance
float combinedHalfHeight = ( (objectHeight / 2) + (triangleHeight / 2) );
// check collision
if (distX < combinedHalfWidth) {
if (distY < combinedHalfHeight) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
主要变化是：
- 重新引入了
gameOver布尔值作为isGameOver，用于在两种状态之间切换
- 已将
gameOver() 重命名为 checkCollisions() 以避免混淆。
在这种情况下，只有两个状态，布尔值就可以了。
在更改状态时重置游戏变量也很重要（例如重置 player/vehicle 位置等）
如果您的游戏可能需要更多状态，您可以使用整数和常量。 This answer 有一个演示代码片段。
如果需要多个状态，引入了OOP，也有演示代码。
我正在为程序做碰撞测试，我试图将测试插入 draw()，我希望它显示“GameOver”并且不会有任何进一步的事件导致任何变化。
float x;
float y;
float w;
float h;
float xPed;
float yPed;
float yPedc;
float objectX;
float objectY;
float objectWidth;
float objectHeight;
float triangleWidth;
float triangleHeight;
float dia;
int speed = 2;
boolean gameOver;
int N_LANES = 1;
void setup() {
size(1200, 400);
background(255);
x = width / 60;
y = height / 40;
w = width / 80;
xPed = width / 2;
triangleWidth = height / 4;
triangleHeight = 2.5 * w;
yPed = height - 3 * w;
yPedc = 2.5 * w / 2;
dia = w / 2;
h = w / 2;
objectX = x + 2 * w;
objectY = y + 5 * h;
objectWidth = 4 * w;
objectHeight = 10 * h;
gameOver = false;
}
void draw() {
//reset background
background(255);
line(0, height/4, width, height/4);
vehicle();
pedestrian();
// collision detect
if (gameOver == true) {
textSize(100);
fill(255, 0, 0);
text("Game Over", width / 3, height / 2);
}
}
void vehicle() {
//moving vehicle
x += speed;
// reset vehicle
noFill();
if (x > width) {
x = 0;
} else if (x < 0) {
x = width;
}
for (int i = 0; i < N_LANES; i++) {
//head of vehicle
fill(0, 194, 0, 50);
rect(x, y, w, h);
rect(x + 3 * w, y, w, h);
rect(x, y + h, 4 * w, 4 *h);
//eyes of vehicle
fill(0);
rect(x + w, 3 * y, w * 0.85, h);
rect(x + 3 * w, 3 * y, w * 0.85, h);
//body of vehicle
fill(0, 240, 0, 80);
rect(x + 1.5 * w, 6.3 * h, 1.5 * w, 3 *h );
//left arm
line(x + 1.5 *w, 6.3 * h, x + 0.5 * w, 7.3 * h);
//right arm
line(x + 3 * w, 6.3 * h, x + 4 * w, 7.3 * h);
//left leg
line(x + 1.5 * w, 9.3 * h, x + w, 11.3 * h);
//right leg
line(x + 3 * w, 9.3 * h, x + 3.5 * w, 11.3 * h);
}
}
// draw pedestrian
void pedestrian() {
fill(255, 140, 0, 70);
//body of pedestrian
triangle(xPed, yPed, xPed - triangleWidth / 2, yPed + 2.5 * w, xPed + triangleWidth / 2, yPed + 2.5 * w);
fill(0);
circle(xPed + triangleWidth / 4, yPed, dia);
circle(xPed - triangleWidth / 4, yPed, dia);
fill(255, 165, 0);
ellipse(xPed, yPed + w, 1.5 * dia, 3 * dia);
}
// arrow key moving
void keyPressed() {
if (gameOver != true) {
if (key == CODED) {
if (keyCode == UP) {
yPed -= height / 4;
if (yPed <= 0) {
yPed = height - 3 * w;
}
}
if (keyCode == DOWN) {
yPed += height / 4;
if (yPed > height) {
yPed = height - 3 * w;
}
}
if (keyCode==LEFT) {
xPed -= height / 4;
if (xPed < 0 + triangleWidth / 2) {
xPed = width / 2;
}
}
if (keyCode==RIGHT) {
xPed += height / 4;
if (xPed > width - triangleWidth / 2) {
xPed = width / 2;
}
}
}
}
}
boolean gameOver() {
// optional visualise collision objects
rect(objectX, objectY, objectWidth, objectHeight);
rect(xPed, yPed, triangleWidth, triangleHeight);
// x axis
float distX = abs( (objectX + objectWidth / 2) - (xPed + triangleWidth / 2) );
// y axis
float distY = abs( (objectY + objectHeight / 2) - (yPedc + triangleHeight / 2) );
// half combined x distance
float combinedHalfWidth = ( (objectWidth / 2) + (triangleWidth / 2) );
// half combined y distance
float combinedHalfHeight = ( (objectHeight / 2) + (triangleHeight / 2) );
// check collision
if (distX < combinedHalfWidth) {
if (distY < combinedHalfHeight) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
我试图将 gameOver 布尔值插入绘图中，它每次都 returns 相同的值。
只是想知道逻辑问题或编码问题是什么。
正如 Rabbid76 提到的，您应该首先正确格式化代码。
让我们假设代码是从带有代码片段的 pdf 中复制的，这就是格式混乱的原因。
该代码仍有一些明显的错误：
- 令人困惑的是，您同时使用了布尔变量
gameOver和布尔函数gameOver()，并且变量并不总是更新。 （实际上gameOver仅在setup()中设置一次，而gameOver()实际进行碰撞检测 从未被调用 。我建议要么更新布尔变量，要么更简单，只需调用gameOver()来根据需要计算碰撞。这是您的代码无法按预期运行的原因之一。 - 您正在检查两个对象之间的碰撞：车辆和行人。但是，有 3 组坐标：
x, y, xPed, objectX, objectY。在绘图中渲染时，车辆使用x,y，但是，在检查碰撞时，gameOver()使用objectX, objectY（不匹配且不更新）。这是碰撞未按预期运行的另一个原因。 - 除了您提出的问题外，
N_LANES用于 for 循环，但从未声明过。即使我声明它，for 循环使用完全相同的x,y坐标，使 for 循环变得多余。
这是您的代码的格式化版本，带有额外的边界框，突出显示了碰撞函数正在检查的内容（并注释了一些未使用的变量）：
float x;
float y;
float w;
float h;
float xPed;
float yPed;
//float yPedc;
float objectX;
float objectY;
float objectWidth;
float objectHeight;
float triangleWidth;
float triangleHeight;
float dia;
int speed = 2;
//boolean gameOver;
int N_LANES = 1;
void setup() {
size(1200, 400);
background(255);
x = width / 60;
y = height / 40;
w = width / 80;
xPed = width / 2;
triangleWidth = height / 4;
triangleHeight = 2.5 * w;
yPed = height - 3 * w;
//yPedc = 2.5 * w / 2;
dia = w / 2;
h = w / 2;
objectX = x + 2 * w;
objectY = y + 5 * h;
objectWidth = 4 * w;
objectHeight = 10 * h;
//gameOver = false;
}
void draw() {
//reset background
background(255);
line(0, height/4, width, height/4);
vehicle();
pedestrian();
// collision detect
if (gameOver() == true) {
textSize(100);
fill(255, 0, 0);
text("Game Over", width / 3, height / 2);
}
}
void vehicle() {
//moving vehicle
x += speed;
// reset vehicle
noFill();
if (x > width) {
x = 0;
} else if (x < 0) {
x = width;
}
for (int i = 0; i < N_LANES; i++) {
//head of vehicle
fill(0, 194, 0, 50);
rect(x, y, w, h);
rect(x + 3 * w, y, w, h);
rect(x, y + h, 4 * w, 4 *h);
//eyes of vehicle
fill(0);
rect(x + w, 3 * y, w * 0.85, h);
rect(x + 3 * w, 3 * y, w * 0.85, h);
//body of vehicle
fill(0, 240, 0, 80);
rect(x + 1.5 * w, 6.3 * h, 1.5 * w, 3 *h );
//left arm
line(x + 1.5 *w, 6.3 * h, x + 0.5 * w, 7.3 * h);
//right arm
line(x + 3 * w, 6.3 * h, x + 4 * w, 7.3 * h);
//left leg
line(x + 1.5 * w, 9.3 * h, x + w, 11.3 * h);
//right leg
line(x + 3 * w, 9.3 * h, x + 3.5 * w, 11.3 * h);
}
}
// draw pedestrian
void pedestrian() {
fill(255, 140, 0, 70);
//body of pedestrian
triangle(xPed, yPed, xPed - triangleWidth / 2, yPed + 2.5 * w, xPed + triangleWidth / 2, yPed + 2.5 * w);
fill(0);
circle(xPed + triangleWidth / 4, yPed, dia);
circle(xPed - triangleWidth / 4, yPed, dia);
fill(255, 165, 0);
ellipse(xPed, yPed + w, 1.5 * dia, 3 * dia);
// visualise bounding box
//fill(255, 140, 0, 70);
//rect(xPed - triangleWidth / 2, yPed, triangleWidth, triangleHeight);
}
// arrow key moving
void keyPressed() {
if (gameOver() != true) {
if (key == CODED) {
if (keyCode == UP) {
yPed -= height / 4;
if (yPed <= 0) {
yPed = height - 3 * w;
}
}
if (keyCode == DOWN) {
yPed += height / 4;
if (yPed > height) {
yPed = height - 3 * w;
}
}
if (keyCode==LEFT) {
xPed -= height / 4;
if (xPed < 0 + triangleWidth / 2) {
xPed = width / 2;
}
}
if (keyCode==RIGHT) {
xPed += height / 4;
if (xPed > width - triangleWidth / 2) {
xPed = width / 2;
}
}
}
}
}
boolean gameOver() {
// optional visualise collision objects
rect(objectX, objectY, objectWidth, objectHeight);
rect(xPed, yPed, triangleWidth, triangleHeight);
// x axis
float distX = abs( (objectX + objectWidth / 2) - (xPed + triangleWidth / 2) );
// y axis
float distY = abs( (objectY + objectHeight / 2) - (yPed + triangleHeight / 2) );
// half combined x distance
float combinedHalfWidth = ( (objectWidth / 2) + (triangleWidth / 2) );
// half combined y distance
float combinedHalfHeight = ( (objectHeight / 2) + (triangleHeight / 2) );
// check collision
if (distX < combinedHalfWidth) {
if (distY < combinedHalfHeight) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
这是应用了上面 3 个注意事项中的几个的代码版本，在一定程度上解决了碰撞和 gameOver 状态问题：
float x;
float y;
float w;
float h;
float xPed;
float yPed;
float objectWidth;
float objectHeight;
float triangleWidth;
float triangleHeight;
float dia;
int speed = 2;
void setup() {
size(1200, 400);
background(255);
x = width / 60;
y = height / 40;
w = width / 80;
xPed = width / 2;
triangleWidth = height / 4;
triangleHeight = 2.5 * w;
yPed = height - 3 * w;
dia = w / 2;
h = w / 2;
objectWidth = 4 * w;
objectHeight = 10 * h;
}
void draw() {
//reset background
background(255);
line(0, height/4, width, height/4);
vehicle();
pedestrian();
// collision detect
if (gameOver()) {
textSize(100);
fill(255, 0, 0);
text("Game Over", width / 3, height / 2);
}
}
void vehicle() {
//moving vehicle
x += speed;
// reset vehicle
noFill();
if (x > width) {
x = 0;
} else if (x < 0) {
x = width;
}
//head of vehicle
fill(0, 194, 0, 50);
rect(x, y, w, h);
rect(x + 3 * w, y, w, h);
rect(x, y + h, 4 * w, 4 *h);
//eyes of vehicle
fill(0);
rect(x + w, 3 * y, w * 0.85, h);
rect(x + 3 * w, 3 * y, w * 0.85, h);
//body of vehicle
fill(0, 240, 0, 80);
rect(x + 1.5 * w, 6.3 * h, 1.5 * w, 3 *h );
//left arm
line(x + 1.5 *w, 6.3 * h, x + 0.5 * w, 7.3 * h);
//right arm
line(x + 3 * w, 6.3 * h, x + 4 * w, 7.3 * h);
//left leg
line(x + 1.5 * w, 9.3 * h, x + w, 11.3 * h);
//right leg
line(x + 3 * w, 9.3 * h, x + 3.5 * w, 11.3 * h);
}
// draw pedestrian
void pedestrian() {
fill(255, 140, 0, 70);
//body of pedestrian
triangle(xPed, yPed, xPed - triangleWidth / 2, yPed + 2.5 * w, xPed + triangleWidth / 2, yPed + 2.5 * w);
fill(0);
circle(xPed + triangleWidth / 4, yPed, dia);
circle(xPed - triangleWidth / 4, yPed, dia);
fill(255, 165, 0);
ellipse(xPed, yPed + w, 1.5 * dia, 3 * dia);
// visualise bounding box
//fill(255, 140, 0, 70);
//rect(xPed - triangleWidth / 2, yPed, triangleWidth, triangleHeight);
}
// arrow key moving
void keyPressed() {
if (!gameOver()) {
if (key == CODED) {
if (keyCode == UP) {
yPed -= height / 4;
if (yPed <= 0) {
yPed = height - 3 * w;
}
}
if (keyCode == DOWN) {
yPed += height / 4;
if (yPed > height) {
yPed = height - 3 * w;
}
}
if (keyCode==LEFT) {
xPed -= height / 4;
if (xPed < 0 + triangleWidth / 2) {
xPed = width / 2;
}
}
if (keyCode==RIGHT) {
xPed += height / 4;
if (xPed > width - triangleWidth / 2) {
xPed = width / 2;
}
}
}
}
}
boolean gameOver() {
// optional visualise collision objects
rect(x, y, objectWidth, objectHeight);
rect(xPed, yPed, triangleWidth, triangleHeight);
// x axis
float distX = abs( (x + objectWidth / 2) - (xPed + triangleWidth / 2) );
// y axis
float distY = abs( (y + objectHeight / 2) - (yPed + triangleHeight / 2) );
// half combined x distance
float combinedHalfWidth = ( (objectWidth / 2) + (triangleWidth / 2) );
// half combined y distance
float combinedHalfHeight = ( (objectHeight / 2) + (triangleHeight / 2) );
// check collision
if (distX < combinedHalfWidth) {
if (distY < combinedHalfHeight) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
请注意，理想情况下，三角形边界框需要向左移动三角形宽度的一半。
我还想向您指出 java.awt.Rectangle，其中有一个可能有用的 intersects()：
import java.awt.Rectangle;
float x;
float y;
float w;
float h;
float xPed;
float yPed;
float objectWidth;
float objectHeight;
float triangleWidth;
float triangleHeight;
float dia;
int speed = 2;
Rectangle vehicleBoundingBox;
Rectangle pedestrianBoundingBox;
void setup() {
size(1200, 400);
background(255);
x = width / 60;
y = height / 40;
w = width / 80;
xPed = width / 2;
triangleWidth = height / 4;
triangleHeight = 2.5 * w;
yPed = height - 3 * w;
dia = w / 2;
h = w / 2;
objectWidth = 4 * w;
objectHeight = 10 * h;
vehicleBoundingBox = new Rectangle((int)x, (int)y, (int)objectWidth, (int)objectHeight);
pedestrianBoundingBox = new Rectangle((int)xPed, (int)yPed, (int)triangleWidth, (int)triangleHeight);
}
void draw() {
//reset background
background(255);
line(0, height/4, width, height/4);
vehicle();
pedestrian();
// collision detect
if (gameOver()) {
textSize(100);
fill(255, 0, 0);
text("Game Over", width / 3, height / 2);
}
}
void vehicle() {
//moving vehicle
x += speed;
// reset vehicle
noFill();
if (x > width) {
x = 0;
} else if (x < 0) {
x = width;
}
//head of vehicle
fill(0, 194, 0, 50);
rect(x, y, w, h);
rect(x + 3 * w, y, w, h);
rect(x, y + h, 4 * w, 4 *h);
//eyes of vehicle
fill(0);
rect(x + w, 3 * y, w * 0.85, h);
rect(x + 3 * w, 3 * y, w * 0.85, h);
//body of vehicle
fill(0, 240, 0, 80);
rect(x + 1.5 * w, 6.3 * h, 1.5 * w, 3 *h );
//left arm
line(x + 1.5 *w, 6.3 * h, x + 0.5 * w, 7.3 * h);
//right arm
line(x + 3 * w, 6.3 * h, x + 4 * w, 7.3 * h);
//left leg
line(x + 1.5 * w, 9.3 * h, x + w, 11.3 * h);
//right leg
line(x + 3 * w, 9.3 * h, x + 3.5 * w, 11.3 * h);
}
// draw pedestrian
void pedestrian() {
fill(255, 140, 0, 70);
//body of pedestrian
triangle(xPed, yPed, xPed - triangleWidth / 2, yPed + 2.5 * w, xPed + triangleWidth / 2, yPed + 2.5 * w);
fill(0);
circle(xPed + triangleWidth / 4, yPed, dia);
circle(xPed - triangleWidth / 4, yPed, dia);
fill(255, 165, 0);
ellipse(xPed, yPed + w, 1.5 * dia, 3 * dia);
}
// arrow key moving
void keyPressed() {
if (!gameOver()) {
if (key == CODED) {
if (keyCode == UP) {
yPed -= height / 4;
if (yPed <= 0) {
yPed = height - 3 * w;
}
}
if (keyCode == DOWN) {
yPed += height / 4;
if (yPed > height) {
yPed = height - 3 * w;
}
}
if (keyCode==LEFT) {
xPed -= height / 4;
if (xPed < 0 + triangleWidth / 2) {
xPed = width / 2;
}
}
if (keyCode==RIGHT) {
xPed += height / 4;
if (xPed > width - triangleWidth / 2) {
xPed = width / 2;
}
}
}
}
}
boolean gameOver(){
// update bounding box positions
vehicleBoundingBox.x = (int)x;
vehicleBoundingBox.y = (int)y;
pedestrianBoundingBox.x = (int)(xPed - triangleWidth / 2);
pedestrianBoundingBox.y = (int)yPed;
//optional: visualise boxes
fill(255, 140, 0, 70);
rect(pedestrianBoundingBox.x, pedestrianBoundingBox.y, pedestrianBoundingBox.width, pedestrianBoundingBox.height);
rect(vehicleBoundingBox.x, vehicleBoundingBox.y, vehicleBoundingBox.width, vehicleBoundingBox.height);
return vehicleBoundingBox.intersects(pedestrianBoundingBox);
}
//boolean gameOver() {
// // optional visualise collision objects
// rect(x, y, objectWidth, objectHeight);
// rect(xPed, yPed, triangleWidth, triangleHeight);
// // x axis
// float distX = abs( (x + objectWidth / 2) - (xPed + triangleWidth / 2) );
// // y axis
// float distY = abs( (y + objectHeight / 2) - (yPed + triangleHeight / 2) );
// // half combined x distance
// float combinedHalfWidth = ( (objectWidth / 2) + (triangleWidth / 2) );
// // half combined y distance
// float combinedHalfHeight = ( (objectHeight / 2) + (triangleHeight / 2) );
// // check collision
// if (distX < combinedHalfWidth) {
// if (distY < combinedHalfHeight) {
// return true;
// }
// }
// return false;
//}
void circle(float x, float y, float dia){
ellipse(x, y, dia, dia);
}
切记，如果这是 assignment/homework，您可能无法使用 java.awt.Rectangle。说到这里，如果这是一项作业，您应该在问题中提及它。
更新
这是一个更新版本，可以更好地处理游戏结束状态。
float x;
float y;
float w;
float h;
float xPed;
float yPed;
float objectWidth;
float objectHeight;
float triangleWidth;
float triangleHeight;
float dia;
int speed = 2;
// defaults to false
boolean isGameOver;
void setup() {
size(1200, 400);
background(255);
x = width / 60;
y = height / 40;
w = width / 80;
xPed = width / 2;
triangleWidth = height / 4;
triangleHeight = 2.5 * w;
yPed = height - 3 * w;
dia = w / 2;
h = w / 2;
objectWidth = 4 * w;
objectHeight = 10 * h;
}
void draw() {
//reset background
background(255);
line(0, height/4, width, height/4);
if (isGameOver) {
textSize(100);
fill(255, 0, 0);
text("Game Over", width / 3, height / 2);
}else{
// check colloisions only in game state and update game over state
isGameOver = checkCollisions();
vehicle();
pedestrian();
}
}
void vehicle() {
//moving vehicle
x += speed;
// reset vehicle
noFill();
if (x > width) {
x = 0;
} else if (x < 0) {
x = width;
}
//head of vehicle
fill(0, 194, 0, 50);
rect(x, y, w, h);
rect(x + 3 * w, y, w, h);
rect(x, y + h, 4 * w, 4 *h);
//eyes of vehicle
fill(0);
rect(x + w, 3 * y, w * 0.85, h);
rect(x + 3 * w, 3 * y, w * 0.85, h);
//body of vehicle
fill(0, 240, 0, 80);
rect(x + 1.5 * w, 6.3 * h, 1.5 * w, 3 *h );
//left arm
line(x + 1.5 *w, 6.3 * h, x + 0.5 * w, 7.3 * h);
//right arm
line(x + 3 * w, 6.3 * h, x + 4 * w, 7.3 * h);
//left leg
line(x + 1.5 * w, 9.3 * h, x + w, 11.3 * h);
//right leg
line(x + 3 * w, 9.3 * h, x + 3.5 * w, 11.3 * h);
}
// draw pedestrian
void pedestrian() {
fill(255, 140, 0, 70);
//body of pedestrian
triangle(xPed, yPed, xPed - triangleWidth / 2, yPed + 2.5 * w, xPed + triangleWidth / 2, yPed + 2.5 * w);
fill(0);
circle(xPed + triangleWidth / 4, yPed, dia);
circle(xPed - triangleWidth / 4, yPed, dia);
fill(255, 165, 0);
ellipse(xPed, yPed + w, 1.5 * dia, 3 * dia);
// visualise bounding box
//fill(255, 140, 0, 70);
//rect(xPed - triangleWidth / 2, yPed, triangleWidth, triangleHeight);
}
// arrow key moving
void keyPressed() {
if (isGameOver){
// exit game over
isGameOver = false;
// lazy way to restart the game
// normally you'd write & call a reset() function to reset player/vehicle positions, avodiing instant gameOver
setup();
} else {
if (key == CODED) {
if (keyCode == UP) {
yPed -= height / 4;
if (yPed <= 0) {
yPed = height - 3 * w;
}
}
if (keyCode == DOWN) {
yPed += height / 4;
if (yPed > height) {
yPed = height - 3 * w;
}
}
if (keyCode==LEFT) {
xPed -= height / 4;
if (xPed < 0 + triangleWidth / 2) {
xPed = width / 2;
}
}
if (keyCode==RIGHT) {
xPed += height / 4;
if (xPed > width - triangleWidth / 2) {
xPed = width / 2;
}
}
}
}
}
boolean checkCollisions() {
// optional visualise collision objects
fill(255, 140, 0, 70);
rect(x, y, objectWidth, objectHeight);
rect(xPed - triangleWidth / 2, yPed, triangleWidth, triangleHeight);
// x axis
float distX = abs( (x + objectWidth / 2) - xPed );
// y axis
float distY = abs( (y + objectHeight / 2) - (yPed + triangleHeight / 2) );
// half combined x distance
float combinedHalfWidth = ( (objectWidth / 2) + (triangleWidth / 2) );
// half combined y distance
float combinedHalfHeight = ( (objectHeight / 2) + (triangleHeight / 2) );
// check collision
if (distX < combinedHalfWidth) {
if (distY < combinedHalfHeight) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
主要变化是：
- 重新引入了
gameOver布尔值作为isGameOver，用于在两种状态之间切换 - 已将
gameOver()重命名为checkCollisions()以避免混淆。
在这种情况下，只有两个状态，布尔值就可以了。
在更改状态时重置游戏变量也很重要（例如重置 player/vehicle 位置等）
如果您的游戏可能需要更多状态，您可以使用整数和常量。 This answer 有一个演示代码片段。
如果需要多个状态，引入了OOP，